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4 - OSI Layer

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23 views4 pages

4 - OSI Layer

Uploaded by

ali.oussman
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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OSI Layer Network

Networking Model

OSI Layer: Open System Interconnection

Sending Layer Receiving

7) Application Data

‫ من‬data ‫ تقوم بتغيير شكل‬Increption


‫ وذلك لحمايتها‬، ‫خالل ضغطها وتشفيرها‬ 6) Presentation Data
.‫أثناء نقلها‬

‫في هذه المرحلة يفتح اتصال بين‬


‫(هي المسؤولة‬.‫المرسل والمرسل إليه‬ 5) Session Data
.)‫عن فتح االتصال‬

‫في هذه المرحلة يجزئ الملف إلى عّدة‬


‫ ويعطي لكل واحد‬، Segment ‫أجزاء أي‬ 4) Transport .Segment ‫يقوم بفتح مغلف‬
.Header ‫عنوان‬

)‫ ويضيف إليها (مغلف‬Segment ‫ثم يأخذ‬


‫ ويعطيه عنوان جديد‬، Packet ‫يسّمى‬ 3) Network .Packet ‫يقوم بفتح مغلف‬
.Header

‫ يسّمى‬، ‫ يضعها في مغلف‬Packet ‫هذه‬


.Header ‫ ويعطيه عنوان جديد‬، Frame 2) Data link .Frame ‫يقوم بفتح مغلف‬

Frame ‫في هذه المرحلة يبدأ بإرسال‬


‫ وراء‬bit ‫ أي‬، ‫كأجزاء متتالية وراء بعضها‬ 1) Physical .Bits ‫يقوم بتجميع كل‬
.bit

Benefits of OSI:

1- Reduce complexity.

2- Standardize interfaces.

3- Facilities modular engineering.

4- Accelerate revolution.

5- Simplified teaching and learning.

What The role of each layer:

1
OSI Layer Network

1. Physical: Sends data as binary transmission.

Equipments:
 Cables.
 Connectors.
 Terminators
 Hub.
 Modem.
 Repeater.
 Access Points.

2. Data Link: Direct link control access to media.

Roles:
 Communication between network and physical layer.
 Provide the physical address (MAC address)
 Make the frame.

MAC Address (Media Access Control):


 Physical address.
 48 bits (6 bytes), has 2 parts:( 24 bits for construction, 24 bits for serial number)
 12 Hexadecimal

Frame (Parts):

Equipments:
 Switch
 Network Cart

3. Network: Network address and best path determination.


Roles:

2
OSI Layer Network

 Provide Logical Address (IP).


 Provide Connectivity and path determination between two hosts.
 No error correction.
 Best effort delivery.
Equipments:
 Router

4. Transport: End to ends connections.


Roles:
 Data connection reliability.
 Establish, maintain, terminate virtual circuits.
 Flow control
 Fault detection.
Equipments:
 Firewall.

5. Session
Roles:
 Establish, manages, terminates session between source and destination.

6. Presentation
Roles:
 Format of data (Encryption, Compression).
 Ensure data is reliable by application .

7. Application
Roles:
 Network process to application.
 Provide network services to application .
HTTP (Internet browsing).
SMIP (sending Email).
POP3 (Receiving Email).

1. Place the terms into their appropriate layer (not all options are used).

3
OSI Layer Network

Transport (Port Number, Segment, Sequence Number).


Network (IP Address, Logical Address, Packets).
Data Link (Frame, Mac Address, Physical Addressing).

2. We consider an application of the machine A dialogue with its counterpart of the


machine C.
Knowing that the B machine is a router which permits to join the respective
networks of the two machines. Draw the picture of protocols of the OSI model in
A, B and C.

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