!

‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

One Paper General MCQ’s Test

Computer Science:
1. What is a computer?
A computer is an electronic device that can perform various operations on data, process
information, and execute tasks based on instructions provided to it.
2. Components of a computer:
 Central Processing Unit (CPU): Also known as the "brain" of the computer, it processes
instructions and performs calculations.
 Memory (RAM): It stores data and instructions temporarily for quick access by the CPU.
 Read-Only Memory (ROM): ROM is non-volatile memory that retains its data even when the
computer is turned off and Storage (Hard Drive/SSD): Provides long-term storage for data and
programs even when the computer is powered off.
 Cache Memory: A type of high-speed memory that serves as a buffer between the CPU and
RAM, storing frequently accessed data to speed up processing.
 Input devices: Allow users to input data into the computer, e.g., keyboard, mouse, etc.
 Output devices: Display or present the results to the user, e.g., monitor, printer, speakers.
3. Binary system: Computers use the binary system, which uses only two digits: 0 and 1. These
digits represent the smallest unit of data in a computer, called a "bit." Eight bits make a "byte,"
which is used to represent a single character or piece of data.
4. Operating System (OS): The operating system is software that manages the computer's
hardware and provides an interface for users to interact with the computer. Examples include
Windows, macOS, and Linux.
5. Software vs. Hardware: Software refers to the programs and applications that run on a computer,
while hardware includes the physical components like the CPU, memory, keyboard, etc.
6. Types of computers: a. Personal Computers (PC): Intended for individual use and include
desktops and laptops. b. Servers: Computers designed to provide services or resources to other
computers on a network. c. Supercomputers: High-performance computers capable of handling
complex calculations and simulations.
7. Internet: The internet is a global network of interconnected computers, enabling communication
and information exchange through websites, emails, and other online services.
8. Computer peripherals: Peripherals are additional devices that connect to a computer to enhance
its capabilities, such as printers, scanners, webcams, and external storage devices.
9. Viruses, Bug and Malware: These are malicious programs designed to harm computers, steal
data, or disrupt operations. Antivirus software is used to protect against such threats.
10. File formats: Different types of files have specific formats, such as .docx for Word documents,
.jpg for images, .mp3 for audio, and pdf for portable document format
Past Paper Questions
1. What is the primary function of a computer?
a) Communication b) Calculation c) Cooking d) Crafting
2. What is the smallest unit of data in a computer?
a) Byte b) Megabyte c) Gigabyte d) Kilobyte
3. Which component of a computer is responsible for executing instructions?
a) CPU (Central Processing Unit) b) GPU (Graphics Processing Unit)
c) RAM (Random Access Memory) d) HDD (Hard Disk Drive)
4. What does CPU stand for?
a) Central Programming Unit b) Computer Processing Unit
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

c) Central Processing Unit d) Core Processing Unit

5. Which type of memory is non-volatile and retains data even when the power is off?
a) RAM (Random Access Memory) b) ROM (Read-Only Memory)
c) Cache Memory d) Virtual Memory
6. What is the full form of USB?
a) United Serial Bus b) Universal Serial Bandwidth
c) Universal Serial Bus d) United Serial Bandwidth
7. Which computer port is used to connect a keyboard?
a) HDMI b) VGA c) USB d) Ethernet
8. What type of software allows users to browse the internet?
a) Spreadsheet software b) Web browser
c) Database software d) Word processing software
9. Which input device is used to move the cursor on the screen?
a) Monitor b) Keyboard c) Mouse d) Printer
10. Which type of software helps protect the computer from viruses and malware?
a) Firewall b) Browser c) Antivirus d) Spreadsheet software
11. What is the process of making a duplicate copy of data to protect against loss called?
a) Backup b) Download c) Upload d) Refresh
12. Which computer component is responsible for displaying information on the screen?
a) CPU b) RAM c) GPU d) HDD
13. What is the primary purpose of an operating system?
a) Playing games b) Managing hardware resources c) Editing images d) Writing code
14. Which device allows a computer to connect to the internet wirelessly?
a) Modem b) Router c) Ethernet cable d) Wi-Fi adapter
15. What is the full form of "PDF"?
a) Portable Document Format b) Personal Data Folder c) Print Document File d) Public Domain Form
16. Which computer key is used to capitalize letters while typing?
a) Alt b) Shift c) Tab d) Ctrl
17. Which type of software is designed to accomplish specific tasks like creating documents or
spreadsheets?
a) Operating system b) Application software c) Utility software d) Firmware
18. What is the main purpose of a spreadsheet software?
a) Creating and editing images b) Managing emails c) Performing mathematical calculations d)
Browsing the internet
19. Which computer programming language is often used for web development?
a) Python b) C++ c) HTML d) Java
20. What does "CPU Clock Speed" measure?
a) The number of CPU cores b) The size of the CPU cache c) The processing speed of the CPU d) The
number of transistors in the CPU
Answers
1. b) Calculation
2. a) Byte
3. a) CPU (Central Processing Unit)
4. c) Central Processing Unit
5. b) ROM (Read-Only Memory)
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

6. c) Universal Serial Bus

7. c) USB
8. b) Web browser
9. c) Mouse
10. c) Antivirus
11. a) Backup
12. c) GPU (Graphics Processing Unit)
13. b) Managing hardware resources
14. d) Wi-Fi adapter
15. a) Portable Document Format
16. b) Shift
17. b) Application software
18. c) Performing mathematical calculations
19. c) HTML
20. c) The processing speed of the CPU

Lecture 02
Input Devices:
1. Keyboard - Allows users to input text and commands by pressing keys.
2. Mouse - Used for pointing and clicking to interact with graphical user interfaces.
3. Touchscreen - Enables users to interact directly with the display by touching it.
4. Trackpad - Similar to a mouse, but built into laptops for cursor control.
5. Scanner - Converts physical documents and images into digital format.
6. Microphone - Captures audio and converts it into a digital signal.
7. Webcam - Records video and captures images for communication or recording purposes.
8. Joystick - Used in gaming and simulation applications for controlling movement.
9. Barcode Reader - Scans barcodes on products to retrieve product information.
10. Graphics Tablet - Allows artists and designers to draw directly onto a digital screen.
Output Devices:
1. Monitor/Display - Displays text, images, and videos to the user.
2. Printer - Produces physical copies of digital documents and images.
3. Speaker - Outputs audio and sound for various applications.
4. Headphones - Allows users to listen to audio privately.
5. Projector - Projects images or video onto a larger screen or surface.
6. 3D Printer - Creates physical objects from digital 3D models.
7. Plotter - Draws vector graphics on paper or other materials.
8. Haptic Feedback Devices - Provide tactile sensations in response to interactions.
9. LED/LCD Indicators - Show status or information using light-emitting diodes or liquid crystal displays.
10. Braille Display - Converts digital text into Braille for visually impaired users.
Input/Output Devices (Combination of both)
1. Touchscreen Monitor - Allows users to both input and interact with output via touch.
2. All-in-One Printer - Combines printing, scanning, and sometimes faxing capabilities.
3. Modem - Connects to the internet and acts as both input and output for data transmission.
4. Interactive Whiteboard - A combination of a display and input device used in presentations and
education.
5. Smart TV - Combines a television with internet connectivity and interactive features.
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
6. Multi-function Peripheral (MFP) - Combines printing, scanning, copying, and sometimes faxing in a
single device.
7. Data Projector with Interactive Pen - Allows users to interact with projected content using a pen-like
device.
8. Gaming Console - Combines input through controllers with output to a TV or display.
9. Smartphones/Tablets - Function as both input devices (touchscreen, sensors) and output devices
(display, speaker).
10. Digital Camera - Allows users to capture images (input) and view them on the built-in display
(output).
Computer Peripherals
1. Keyboard:
A keyboard is an input device that allows users to input text and commands into the computer by
pressing keys.
Function: It provides a way to type text, execute commands, and navigate through the computer's
interface.
Inventor: Christopher Latham Sholes is credited with inventing the first practical typewriter, which laid
the foundation for modern keyboards.
2. Mouse:
A mouse is an input device that enables users to control the cursor on the screen and interact with
graphical user interfaces.
Function: It provides a more intuitive way to navigate and interact with the computer, especially in GUI-
based systems.
Inventor: Douglas Engelbart is often credited with inventing the first computer mouse in 1964.
3. Monitor/Display:
A monitor or display is an output device that presents visual information, including text, images, and
videos, to the user.
Function: It allows users to view the output of their computer's operations and interact with software and
applications visually.
Inventor: The development of early monitors was a collective effort, but the cathode-ray tube (CRT)
monitor, a popular early display technology, can be attributed to Karl Ferdinand Braun and
Ferdinand von Rydberg.
4. Printer:
A printer is an output device that produces physical copies of digital documents and images on paper or
other materials.
Function: It allows users to create hard copies of electronic files, such as documents, photos, and
graphics.
Inventor: The invention of the printing press, the precursor to modern printers, is credited to Johannes
Gutenberg in the 15th century.
5. Scanner:
A scanner is an input device that converts physical documents, photos, or images into digital format.
Function: It allows users to digitize paper documents and images for storage, editing, and sharing
electronically.
Inventor: Ray Kurzweil developed the first CCD flatbed scanner in 1975.
6. External Hard Drive:
An external hard drive is a storage device that connects to a computer externally, providing additional
storage space.
Function: It allows users to store and back up data externally, expanding the computer's storage
capacity.
Inventor: IBM is credited with introducing the first hard disk drive (HDD) in 1956, though external hard
drives were later developed as the need for portable storage arose.
7. USB Flash Drive:
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
A USB flash drive (pen drive) is a portable storage device that connects via a USB port. Function: It
allows users to store and transfer data between computers and other devices conveniently.
Inventor: The original idea of a USB flash drive is attributed to Amir Ban, Dov Moran, and Oron Ogdan
of M-Systems, who developed the first USB flash drive in the late 1990s.
8. Webcam:
A webcam is a video camera connected to a computer that captures video or images for communication
and recording purposes.
Function: It enables video conferencing, live streaming, and capturing photos or videos. Inventor: The
first webcam was developed by researchers at the University of Cambridge to monitor a coffee pot
and determine its status remotely in 1991.
9. Microphone:
A microphone is an input device that converts sound waves into an electrical signal.
Function: It allows users to record audio, make voice calls, and interact with voice recognition software.
Inventor: Sir Charles Wheatstone is often credited with inventing the microphone in 1827.
10. Headphones:
Headphones are audio output devices worn over the ears to listen to audio privately. Function: They
allow users to enjoy audio content without disturbing others.
Inventor: Nathaniel Baldwin is credited with creating the first modern headphones in 1910.
11. Speakers:
Speakers are audio output devices that produce sound from an electrical signal. Function: They enable
users to listen to audio, music, and system sounds from a computer.
Inventor: The history of speakers dates back to the 1800s, with many contributors to the development
of modern loudspeakers, including Ernst Siemens and Nikola Tesla.
12. Graphics Tablet:
A graphics tablet (pen tablet) is an input device that allows artists and designers to draw directly onto a
digital screen using a stylus.
Function: It provides a more natural and precise way to create digital art and design.
Inventor: The first commercially available graphics tablet was developed by Dr. Benjamin Decker in the
1950s.
13. Joystick: Explanation:
A joystick is an input device used primarily for gaming and simulation applications, providing control
over movement and direction.
Function: It allows users to control the movement of characters, vehicles, or other elements in video
games and simulations.
Inventor: C. B. Mirick is credited with inventing the first joystick in 1926, which was used for controlling
aircraft.
14. Gamepad/Controller:
A gamepad or controller is an input device designed specifically for gaming, featuring buttons, triggers,
and joysticks.
Function: It provides a more ergonomic and specialized interface for playing video games. Inventor:
The concept of game controllers has evolved over time, but Ralph Baer is considered one of the
pioneers of video game consoles and controllers.
15. Barcode Reader/Scanner:
A barcode reader or scanner is an input device that reads barcodes on products and converts them into
digital information.
Function: It enables rapid and accurate data entry for inventory management, retail, and product
tracking.
Inventor: Norman Joseph Woodland and Bernard Silver were granted the patent for the first barcode in
1952.
16. Touch screen Monitor: Explanation: A touchscreen monitor is an output device with an interactive
display that responds to touch input from users.
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Function: It allows users to interact directly with the content displayed on the screen, eliminating the
need for a separate input device.
Inventor: The concept of touchscreen technology was explored by several inventors, but E.A. Johnson
is credited with creating the first capacitive touchscreen in 1965.
17. Plotter:
A plotter is an output device that draws vector graphics on paper or other materials.
Function: It is used for creating large-scale engineering drawings, architectural plans, and technical
illustrations.
Inventor: The concept of plotting devices dates back to the 1950s, with multiple contributors to the
development of modern plotters.
18. Modem:
A modem is a communication device that modulates and demodulates digital data to enable data
transmission over analog communication channels.
Function: It allows computers to communicate over telephone lines or other analog communication
channels.
Inventor: The first commercial modem was developed by Bell Labs in the 1960s.
19. Touchpad:
A touchpad is an input device often integrated into laptops for cursor control and navigation. Function: It
replaces the traditional mouse for navigating through a computer's interface. Inventor: George E.
Gerpheide filed a patent for a "Finger Position Indicator" in 1982, which laid the foundation for
modern touchpad technology.
20. Smart Card Reader:
A smart card reader is an input device that reads data from smart cards, which contain integrated
circuits for data storage and processing.
Function: It enables secure access to information, authentication, and financial transactions. Inventor:
The concept of smart cards dates back to the early 1970s, with multiple inventors contributing to
their development.
21. Touchscreen Keyboard:
A touchscreen keyboard is an input device that displays a virtual keyboard on a touchscreen display.
Function: It allows users to input text and commands directly on the screen without the need for a
physical keyboard.
Inventor: The idea of touchscreen keyboards emerged in the 1970s, but the widespread adoption came
with the rise of smartphones, pioneered by companies like Apple and BlackBerry.
22. Card Reader:
A card reader is an input device that reads data from memory cards used in cameras, smartphones, and
other devices.
Function: It allows users to transfer data between devices and access media files.
Inventor: The development of memory cards and card readers is a collective effort among various
manufacturers.
23. Biometric Scanner:
A biometric scanner is an input device that captures and analyzes unique biological traits, such as
fingerprints or facial features, for identification and authentication purposes.
Function: It provides a secure and reliable method of access control and user verification. Inventor: The
idea of biometrics and its applications date back centuries, but the development of modern biometric
scanners is attributed to various researchers and engineers.
24. Optical Character Recognition (OCR) Scanner:
An OCR scanner is a specialized scanner that converts printed or handwritten text into editable digital
format.
Function: It allows users to digitize and edit text documents without manual data entry. Inventor: The
concept of OCR was proposed as early as the 1920s, with many researchers contributing to its
development.
25. Infrared (IR) Remote Control:
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
An infrared remote control is an input device that sends signals to control electronic devices, such as
TVs, DVD players, and audio systems.
Function: It enables to operate electronic devices from a distance without direct line-of-sight.
Inventor: The concept of remote control dates back to the early 20th century, with various inventors
contributing to its development.
26. Magnetic Stripe Reader:
A magnetic stripe reader is an input device that reads data from the magnetic stripe on credit cards,
identification cards, and other encoded cards.
Function: It enables quick and accurate data retrieval for payment processing and identity verification.
Inventor: The magnetic stripe technology was jointly developed by IBM and the US Department of
Defense in the late 1960s.
27. Numeric Keypad:
A numeric keypad is an input device with a layout of numbers and basic mathematical symbols for rapid
data entry.
Function: It provides a more efficient way to enter numeric data and perform calculations. Inventor: The
numeric keypad concept is closely related to the development of the typewriter and early adding
machines.
28. Electronic Whiteboard:
An electronic whiteboard (interactive whiteboard) is an input/output device used in presentations and
education.
Function: It allows to interact with the content displayed on the board using touch or a stylus.
Inventor: The concept of electronic whiteboards evolved from traditional whiteboards and projection
technologies, with various inventors contributing to the development.
29. UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply):
A UPS is a device that provides backup power to a computer or other electronic devices during power
outages or fluctuations.
Function: It ensures continuous operation and protects devices from potential damage due to sudden
power loss.
Inventor: The development of UPS technology involved multiple engineers and companies focused on
providing power protection for electronic equipment.
30. Digital Pen:
: A digital pen is an input device that looks and functions like a traditional pen but captures handwriting
or drawings digitally.
Function: It allow to write or draw on a surface while converting the content into digital format.
Inventor: The concept of digital pens dates back to the 1950s, but modern iterations have been
developed by companies like Anoto and Livescribe..
History of Computer:
The "father of computer" title is often attributed to Charles Babbage, an English mathematician and
inventor who lived in the 19th century
Computer generations:
Veena teaches in my academy
1. First Generation (1940s-1950s):
 Vacuum tubes used for computation.
 ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) and UNIVAC I (Universal Automatic
Computer I) were prominent computers.
 Large, slow, and generated a lot of heat.
2. Second Generation (1950s-1960s):
 Transistors replaced vacuum tubes, making computers smaller and faster.
 IBM (International Business Machines Corporation) 700 series and CDC (Control Data Corporation)
1604 were notable computers.
 Batch processing and punched cards used for input.
3. Third Generation (1960s-1970s):
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
 Integrated circuits (ICs) allowed even smaller and more powerful computers.
 IBM System/360 and DEC (Digital Equipment Corporation) PDP-8 (Programmed Data Processor-8)
were significant machines.
 Introduction of high-level programming languages like Fortran (Formula Translation) and COBOL
(Common Business-Oriented Language).
4. Fourth Generation (1970s-1980s):
 Microprocessors brought computing power to a single chip.
 Personal computers (PCs) emerged, such as IBM PC and Apple Macintosh.
 GUIs (Graphical User Interfaces) and the mouse became standard.
5. Fifth Generation (1980s-Present):
 Advancements in VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) technology and parallel processing.
 Introduction of RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing) architecture.
 Growth of the internet, web, and mobile computing.

Past Papers questions

1. What is the primary function of a graphics tablet?
a) Display text and images on the screen
b) Record audio and convert it into a digital signal
c) Allow artists and designers to draw directly onto a digital screen
d) Provide tactile feedback for gaming
2. Which of the following is an output device?
a) Barcode Reader b) Microphone c) Printer d) Joystick
3. The first computer mouse was invented by:
a) Douglas Engelbart b) Ray Kurzweil c) Steve Jobs d) Bill Gates
4. Which generation of computers used vacuum tubes for processing data?
a) First Generation b) Second Generation c) Third Generation d) Fourth Generation
5. The invention of the QWERTY keyboard layout is credited to:
a) Steve Jobs b) Charles Babbage c) Christopher Latham Sholes d) Alan Turing
6. What type of device is a webcam?
a) Input Device b) Output Device c) Input/Output Device d) Processing Device
7. Which computer generation saw the introduction of Integrated Circuits (ICs)?
a) Second Generation b) Third Generation c) Fourth Generation d) Fifth Generation
8. A device that converts printed text into digital format is known as:
a) Scanner b) Printer c) Webcam d) Plotter
9. The concept of a computer mouse was first presented in a famous 1968 demo known as
: a) "The Big Idea" b) "The Mouse Demo" c) "The Great Innovation" d) "The Tech Showcase"
10. Which of the following is a biometric input device used for security and authentication
purposes?
a) Barcode Reader b) Magnetic Stripe Reader c) Smart Card Reader d) Fingerprint Scanner
11. The development of the first commercially successful computer mouse occurred in what
decade?
a) 1940s b) 1950s c) 1960s d) 1970s
12. A device that converts digital data into analog signals for transmission over telephone lines
is called
a) Modem b) Router c) Hub d) Switch
13. Which computer generation introduced microprocessors and miniaturization of electronic
components?
a) First Generation b) Second Generation c) Third Generation d) Fourth Generation
14. Which of the following is an example of an optical input device?
a) Barcode Reader b) Touchscreen Monitor c) Joystick d) Microphone
15. Who is considered the "Father of the Computer" and designed the first mechanical computer
called the Analytical Engine?
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
a) Charles Babbage b) Alan Turing c) Bill Gates d) Steve Jobs
Answer
1: c) Allow artists and designers to draw directly onto a digital screen 2: c) Printer 3: a) Douglas
Engelbart
4: a) First Generation 5: c) Christopher Latham Sholes 6: b) Third Generation 7: c) Input/Output Device
8: a) Scanner 9: b) "The Mouse Demo" 10: d) Fingerprint Scanner 11: c) 1960s 12: a) Modem
13: d) Fourth Generation 14: a) Barcode Reader 15: a) Charles Babbage
Lecture 03
Working of computer:
1. Programming: The process of writing and creating computer programs using programming
languages. It is interface between user and computer
2. Algorithm: A set of step-by-step instructions to perform a specific task or solve a problem.
3. Operating System: Software that manages computer hardware and provides an interface for
users and applications to interact with the computer.
4. Data Structure: A way of organizing and storing data in a computer to enable efficient
access and modification.
5. Binary Code: The fundamental language of computers, consisting of 0s and 1s, representing
digital information.
6. Hardware: The physical components of a computer, such as the CPU, memory, and
peripherals.
7. Software: The programs and applications that run on a computer, including the operating
system and applications.
8. Compiler: A program that translates source code written in a high-level programming
language into machine code (object code) that a computer can understand and execute.
9. Interpreter:
Interpreters process the source code line-by-line or statement-by-statement as the program runs. Each
line of code is read, translated into machine code (or intermediate code), and executed immediately.
Unlike compilers, interpreters do not produce standalone executable files. They execute the program
directly from the source code, which means you need the interpreter installed on the target system to
run the program.
10. Virus: A type of malicious software designed to infect and harm a computer system or data.
11. Cloud Computing: A method of using remote servers hosted on the internet to store,
manage, and process data instead of relying solely on local hardware and software.
Computer languages: (My Academy fulfills COBOL, basic and C languages.)
1. Machine Language (First Generation):
 Machine language is the lowest level of programming and consists of binary code
representing instructions directly executable by the computer's hardware. It was the first
programming "language" used in early computers during the 1940s and 1950s.
2. Assembly Language (Second Generation):
 Assembly language uses symbolic names for operations and memory addresses, making it
more human-readable than machine language. It emerged in the late 1940s and allowed
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

programmers to write more manageable code using mnemonics for specific machine
instructions.
3. FORTRAN (Formula Translation) (Third Generation):
 Developed in the mid-1950s, FORTRAN was one of the first high-level programming
languages. It was designed for scientific and engineering calculations and featured easy-to-
understand syntax and numerical computation capabilities.
4. COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language) (Third Generation):
 Short History: Created in the late 1950s, COBOL was developed for business applications and
data processing. It played a vital role in the automation of business processes and data
handling.
5. BASIC (Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) (Third Generation):
 Developed in the early 1960s, BASIC was designed to make programming accessible to
beginners. It gained popularity as a simple language for teaching and early personal
computer use.
6. C (Third Generation):
 Developed in the early 1970s, C became a widely-used general-purpose programming
language. It was influenced by the earlier B programming language and provided significant
portability and low-level access to computer memory.
7. C++ (Fourth Generation):
 Created in the early 1980s as an extension of C, C++ introduced object-oriented
programming features, allowing for easier code organization and reuse.
8. Java (Fourth Generation):
 Introduced by Sun Microsystems in the mid-1990s, Java is known for its "write once, run
anywhere" approach, enabling platform independence. It gained popularity for web applets,
enterprise applications, and Android app development.
9. Python (Fourth Generation):
 Developed in the late 1980s and early 1990s, Python emphasized readability and simplicity. It
gained widespread popularity for its ease of use, versatility, and extensive libraries.
10. JavaScript (Fourth Generation):
 Created in the mid-1990s by Netscape, JavaScript was initially designed for web browsers to
add interactivity to websites. Today, it is a fundamental language for web development,
powering dynamic web content and applications.
11. MATLAB (Fourth Generation):
 MATLAB was developed in the late 1970s by Cleve Moler as a numerical computing
environment. It was initially designed to facilitate matrix manipulations, and it quickly became
popular in engineering, scientific research, and data analysis. MATLAB's easy-to-use syntax
and built-in mathematical functions make it a powerful tool for computational and simulation
tasks.
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

Lecture 04

Computer storage units:

BN byte KM Go To PEZ
1. Bit (Binary Digit):
The smallest unit of data in a computer representing binary number( 0 or 1).
2. Nibble:
A group of 4 bits which can represent a single hexadecimal digit (0 to F).
3. Byte:
A group of 8 bits capable of representing a single character or a small number.
4. Kilobyte (KB):
Approximately 1,000 bytes or 1,024 bytes (depending on context).
5. Megabyte (MB):
Approximately 1,000 kilobytes or 1,024 kilobytes (depending on context).
6. Gigabyte (GB):
Approximately 1,000 megabytes or 1,024 megabytes (depending on context).
7. Terabyte (TB):
Approximately 1,000 gigabytes or 1,024 gigabytes (depending on context).
8. Petabyte (PB):
Approximately 1,000 terabytes or 1,024 terabytes (depending on context).
9. Exabyte (EB):
Approximately 1,000 petabytes or 1,024 petabytes (depending on context).
10. Zettabyte (ZB):
Approximately 1,000 exabytes or 1,024 exabytes (depending on context)
Computer data storage devices:
1. USB Flash Drive: USB (Universal Serial Bus) Drive
 Capacities: Ranging from 16GB to several terabytes (TB).
2. External Hard Disk Drive (HDD): External HDD
 Capacities: Starting from 500GB and going up to 16TB or more.
3. Solid State Drive (SSD): SSD
 Capacities: Typically ranging from 128GB to 4TB or more for external and internal drives.
4. Internal Hard Disk Drive (HDD): Internal HDD
 Capacities: Typically ranging from 500GB to 4TB or more.
5. Internal Solid State Drive (SSD): Internal SSD
 Capacities: Ranging from 128GB to 4TB or more.
6. MicroSD Card: MicroSD
 Capacities: Typically ranging from 8GB to 512GB or more.
7. SD Card: SD (Secure Digital) Card
 Capacities: Starting from 2GB and going up to 1TB or more.
8. Blu-ray Disc: Blu-ray
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

 Capacities: Up to 25GB (single-layer) or 50GB (dual-layer). BDXL can have capacities up to

128GB (quad-layer).
9. DVD: DVD (Digital Versatile Disc)
 Capacities: Up to 4.7GB (single-layer) or 8.5GB (dual-layer).
10. Compact Disc (CD): CD
 Capacities: Approximately 700MB.
11. Magnetic Tape: Tape or Magnetic Tape
 Capacities: Ranging from a few hundred gigabytes to multiple terabytes.
12. Cloud Storage: Cloud Storage
 Capacities: Starting from a few gigabytes to unlimited storage options for businesses.

Past Papers Questions

1. What is the binary representation of the decimal number 15?
A) 1101 B) 1110 C) 1111 D) 1011
2. Which programming language is known for its use in web development and is often referred to as
the "language of the web"?
A) Java B) Python C) HTML D) C++
3. The fundamental building block of all digital computers is:
A) ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) B) CPU (Central Processing Unit) C) Register D) Bit (Binary Digit)
4. Which component of the computer is responsible for temporarily storing data and instructions during
program execution?
A) RAM (Random Access Memory) B) ROM (Read-Only Memory) C) Cache Memory D) Hard Disk
Drive (HDD)
5. Which storage device uses magnetic storage and is commonly used for long-term data storage and
backup?
A) USB Flash Drive B) Solid State Drive (SSD) C) Optical Disc (CD/DVD/Blu-ray) D) Magnetic Tape
6. What is the highest storage capacity of a standard single-layer Blu-ray disc?
A) 25GB B) 50GB C) 100GB D) 128GB
7. The binary number system is a base:
A) 2 system B) 8 system C) 10 system D) 16 system
8. Which programming language was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup and is an extension of the C
programming language?
A) Python B) C++ C) Java D) Ruby
9. What is the process of converting high-level programming code into machine code known as? A)
Compiling B) Interpreting C) Linking D) Debugging
10. Which component of a computer's CPU performs arithmetic operations and logical comparisons?
A) ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) B) Control Unit C) Cache Memory D) Register
11. Which memory unit is non-volatile and retains data even when the computer is turned off?
A) RAM (Random Access Memory) B) ROM (Read-Only Memory) C) Cache Memory D) HDD (Hard
Disk Drive)
12. Which storage capacity is equal to 1024 gigabytes?
A) 1000 GB B) 1024 GB C) 100 GB D) 1042 GB
13. Which type of storage device uses flash memory and has no moving parts?
A) HDD (Hard Disk Drive) B) SSD (Solid State Drive) C) Optical Disc (CD/DVD/Blu-ray) D) Magnetic
Tape
14. What is the binary representation of the decimal number 7?
A) 111 B) 100 C) 101 D) 110
15. Process of storing data permanently on a storage medium such as a hard disk is known as:
A) Reading B) Writing C) Fetching D) Executing
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
16. Which type of memory is the fastest but also the most expensive?
A) RAM (Random Access Memory) B) ROM (Read-Only Memory)
C) Cache Memory D) Optical Disc (CD/DVD/Blu-ray)
17. Which programming language is often used for scientific computing, data analysis, and machine
learning?
A) Java B) Python C) C++ D) Ruby
18. What is the binary representation of the decimal number 10?
A) 1001 B) 1010 C) 1101 D) 1110
19. Which storage device is commonly used to transfer data between computers and is often referred to
as a "pen drive" or "thumb drive"?
A) USB Flash Drive B) SSD (Solid State Drive) C) External HDD (Hard Disk Drive) D) Magnetic Tape
20. What is the maximum storage capacity of a standard DVD? A) 4.7GB B) 8.5GB C) 25GB D) 50GB
21. The term "RAM" stands for:
A) Read-Only Memory B) Random Access Memory
C) Read-Write Memory D) Reversible Access Memory
22. Which programming language is often used for system programming, embedded systems, and low-
level applications?
A) Java B) Python C) C D) Ruby
23. The process of copying data from a storage device to RAM for faster access is known as:
A) Reading B) Writing C) Fetching D) Executing
24. What is the binary representation of the decimal number 5?
A) 100 B) 101 C) 110 D) 111
25. Which memory unit is used to temporarily store data that the CPU is currently processing?
A) RAM (Random Access Memory) B) ROM (Read-Only Memory) C) Cache Memory D) Hard Disk
Drive (HDD)
26. The process of converting human-readable programming code into machine-readable code is known
as:
A) Compiling B) Interpreting C) Linking D) Debugging
27. Which storage device uses optical technology and is commonly used for storing software, music,
and videos?
A) USB Flash Drive B) Solid State Drive (SSD)
C) Optical Disc (CD/DVD/Blu-ray) D) Magnetic Tape
28. What is the highest storage capacity of a standard single-layer DVD?
A) 4.7GB B) 8.5GB C) 25GB D) 50GB
29. Which binary digit represents the value "1"?
A) 0 B) 1 C) 10 D) 11
30. The process of retrieving data from the computer's memory and executing it is known as:
A) Reading B) Writing C) Fetching D) Executing
Answers
1 C) 1111 2. C) HTML 3. D) Bit (Binary Digit) 4. A) RAM (Random Access Memory) 5. D) Magnetic Tape
6. A) 25GB 7. A) 2 system 8. B) C++ 9. A) Compiling 10. A) ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)
11. B) ROM (Read-Only Memory) 12. B) 1024 GB 13. B) SSD (Solid State Drive) 14. D) 110 15. B)
Writing
16. C) Cache Memory 17. B) Python 18. B) 1010 19. A) USB Flash Drive 20. A) 4.7GB
21. B) Random Access Memory 22. C) C 23. C) Fetching 24. B) 101 25. A) RAM (Random Access
Memory)
26. A) Compiling 27. C) Optical Disc (CD/DVD/Blu-ray) 28. A) 4.7GB 29. B) 1 30. C) Fetching
Microsoft
Microsoft is one of the world's largest and most well-known technology companies, founded by Bill
Gates and Paul Allen on April 4, 1975.
History:
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Founding: Microsoft was founded in Albuquerque, New Mexico, with a vision to develop and sell BASIC
interpreters for the Altair 8800 microcomputer. The company's big break came when they signed a
deal with IBM to provide an operating system for their new personal computer.
Important Products:
 MS-DOS: Microsoft created MS-DOS (Microsoft Disk Operating System), which became the
operating system for IBM's personal computers (PCs) and quickly became a standard in the PC
industry during the 1980s.
 Windows: In 1985, Microsoft released Windows 1.0, a graphical user interface for MS-DOS.
Subsequent versions of Windows, such as Windows 3.0, Windows 95, Windows XP, Windows 7,
and Windows 10, have been widely used and helped Microsoft solidify its dominance in the PC
operating system market.
 Microsoft Office: In 1989, Microsoft launched Microsoft Office, a suite of productivity software that
includes programs like Word, Excel, and PowerPoint. Office has become one of the most popular
software suites for both personal and business use.
 Internet Explorer and Edge: Microsoft developed Internet Explorer, a web browser that was the
dominant browser during the late 1990s and early 2000s. In 2015, Microsoft introduced Microsoft
Edge as its modern web browser.
 Xbox: In 2001, Microsoft entered the video game console market with the release of the Xbox. The
Xbox brand has since become a major player in the gaming industry, with subsequent consoles like
the Xbox 360, Xbox One, and the latest iteration, Xbox Series X|S.
 Cloud Services: Microsoft has heavily invested in cloud computing with its Azure platform, providing
cloud-based services to individuals, businesses, and developers.
 Ownership and Leadership:
Co-founders: Bill Gates and Paul Allen co-founded Microsoft. Bill Gates served as the CEO until 2000
and remained active in the company's leadership until stepping down as the Chief Software Architect
in 2006. Paul Allen left the company in the early 1980s but remained a shareholder until his passing
in 2018.
 Leadership Transition: In February 2014, Satya Nadella became the CEO of Microsoft, succeeding
Steve Ballmer. Nadella has been instrumental in transforming Microsoft's focus towards cloud
computing, AI, and other emerging technologies.

Past Papers questions

1. When was Microsoft founded?
a) 1973
b) 1975
c) 1980
d) 1985
2. Who are the co-founders of Microsoft?
a) Bill Gates and Steve Jobs
b) Bill Gates and Paul Allen
c) Steve Jobs and Paul Allen
d) Steve Ballmer and Paul Allen
3. What was the first product Microsoft developed?
a) Windows
b) Microsoft Office
c) MS-DOS
d) Internet Explorer
4. In which year was MS-DOS released?
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

a) 1980
b) 1981
c) 1985
d) 1990
5. Which version of Windows introduced the Start menu?
a) Windows 3.1
b) Windows 95
c) Windows 98
d) Windows XP
6. Which Microsoft executive famously referred to Linux as a "cancer"?
a) Bill Gates
b) Steve Ballmer
c) Satya Nadella
d) Paul Allen
7. In 2014, Satya Nadella became the CEO of Microsoft, succeeding:
a) Bill Gates
b) Steve Ballmer
c) Paul Allen
d) Ray Ozzie
8. Which gaming console was introduced by Microsoft to compete with Sony's PlayStation and
Nintendo's Wii?
a) Xbox
b) Xbox 360
c) Xbox One
d) Xbox Series X
9. Which of the following acquisitions allowed Microsoft to enter the mobile phone market?
a) Nokia
b) Motorola
c) Blackberry
d) HTC
10. Which web browser replaced Internet Explorer as the default browser in Windows 10?
a) Microsoft Edge
b) Mozilla Firefox
c) Google Chrome
d) Opera
11. In what year did Microsoft launch its cloud computing platform, Azure?
a) 2005
b) 2008
c) 2010
d) 2012
12. Which of the following is a popular software development tool offered by Microsoft?
a) Microsoft Teams
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

b) Microsoft Word
c) Microsoft Visual Studio
d) Microsoft Excel
13. Which Microsoft co-founder left the company in the early 1980s but remained a shareholder
until his passing?
a) Bill Gates
b) Paul Allen
c) Steve Ballmer
d) Satya Nadella
14. Which technology giant had an antitrust lawsuit against Microsoft in the late 1990s and early
2000s?
a) Apple
b) Google
c) IBM
d) United States Department of Justice (DOJ)
15. What was the name of Microsoft's first-ever graphical user interface (GUI)?
a) Windows 1.0
b) Windows 3.0
c) Windows 95
d) Windows XP
16. Which of the following Microsoft products is used for collaborative project management and
version control?
a) Microsoft Azure
b) Microsoft Office
c) Microsoft SharePoint
d) Microsoft SQL Server
17. In which year did Microsoft acquire LinkedIn, the professional social networking platform?
a) 2012
b) 2014
c) 2016
d) 2018
18. Which of the following Microsoft executives famously threw a chair in a meeting during his
tenure?
a) Bill Gates
b) Steve Ballmer
c) Satya Nadella
d) Paul Allen
19. Which Microsoft product offers interactive data visualizations and business analytics services?
a) Microsoft Teams
b) Microsoft Power BI
c) Microsoft Outlook
d) Microsoft Exchange Server
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

20. In which year did Microsoft release its first gaming console, the original Xbox?
a) 2000
b) 2001
c) 2003
d) 2005
Answers
1. b) 1975
2. b) Bill Gates and Paul Allen
3. c) MS-DOS
4. b) 1981
5. b) Windows 95
6. b) Steve Ballmer
7. b) Steve Ballmer
8. a) Xbox
9. a) Nokia
10. a) Microsoft Edge
11. b) 2008
12. c) Microsoft Visual Studio
13. b) Paul Allen
14. d) United States Department of Justice (DOJ)
15. a) Windows 1.0
16. c) Microsoft SharePoint
17. c) 2016
18. b) Steve Ballmer
19. b) Microsoft Power BI
20. b) 2001

Lecture 06
1. Primary Function
Microsoft Word: Word processing software used for creating, editing, and formatting text-based
documents like letters, reports, essays, etc. Commonly used for writing documents, creating
resumes, letters, or academic papers.
Microsoft Excel: Spreadsheet software used for data analysis, calculations, and organizing data in
tables. Commonly used for financial analysis, data organization, and creating budgets or
charts
Microsoft PowerPoint: Presentation software used for creating slideshows with text, images, and
multimedia elements to convey information to an audience. Commonly used for creating and
delivering presentations in a business or educational setting.
 Microsoft PowerPoint: Deals with presentation slideshows for delivering information in a
visually appealing manner.
2. Working:
Data Manipulation:
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

Microsoft Word: Provides basic table functions but is not primarily designed for complex data
manipulation.
 Microsoft Excel: Offers powerful tools for data organization, calculations, formulas, and
functions.
 Microsoft PowerPoint: Does not have extensive data manipulation capabilities like Excel but
allows for simple chart creation and basic data representation.
Graphical Elements:
 Microsoft Word: Allows users to insert images, shapes, and charts into documents but
primarily focuses on text formatting.
 Microsoft Excel: Primarily focuses on numerical data but can also include some basic charts
and graphs.
 Microsoft PowerPoint: Specializes in creating slides with multimedia elements, including
images, videos, audio, and animations.
Formula and Function Support:
 Microsoft Word: Lacks built-in formulas and functions; it's not intended for extensive
numerical calculations.
 Microsoft Excel: Offers a vast array of formulas and functions for mathematical operations
and data manipulation.
 Microsoft PowerPoint: Does not have extensive formula and function support like Excel.
Printing and Page Layout:
 Microsoft Word: Designed with extensive page layout and printing options for creating
documents that look polished when printed.
 Microsoft Excel: Provides options for printing spreadsheets with headers, footers, and
gridlines for clarity.
 Microsoft PowerPoint: Focuses on printing slides to be used as handouts or for reference
during presentations.
3. File Formats:
 Microsoft Word, Excel, and PowerPoint each have their respective file formats (.docx, .xlsx,
.pptx). However, they can also save and open files in common formats like .doc, .xls, .ppt to
ensure compatibility with older versions of the software or other word processing,
spreadsheet, or presentation applications.
Short Keys
Microsoft Word:
1. Ctrl + A: Selects all the content in the current document. Useful for quickly highlighting and editing the
entire text.
2. Ctrl + B: Applies or removes bold formatting to the selected text. Bolding text makes it appear thicker
and more prominent.
3. Ctrl + C: Copies the selected text or object to the clipboard. It duplicates the content for pasting
elsewhere.
4. Ctrl + D: Opens the Font dialog box. You can use this shortcut to change font styles, sizes, and other text
formatting.
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

5. Ctrl + E: Aligns the selected text to the center of the page or cell in a table. It's helpful for formatting text
in a visually balanced way.
6. Ctrl + F: Opens the Find dialog box. You can use this shortcut to search for specific words or phrases in
the document.
7. Ctrl + G: Opens the Go To dialog box. You can use this shortcut to quickly navigate to a specific page,
section, or line.
8. Ctrl + H: Opens the Replace dialog box. You can use this shortcut to find and replace specific words or
phrases in the document.
9. Ctrl + I: Applies or removes italic formatting to the selected text. Italicized text is slanted and stands out
from regular text.
10. Ctrl + J: Aligns the selected text to justify the left and right margins. This evenly spaces text for a clean
look.
11. Ctrl + K: Opens the Hyperlink dialog box. You can use this shortcut to insert hyperlinks to websites, files,
or email addresses.
12. Ctrl + L: Aligns the selected text to the left margin. It's the default alignment for most documents.
13. Ctrl + M: Indents the selected paragraph. You can use this to create bulleted or numbered lists.
14. Ctrl + N: Opens a new, blank document. Useful for starting a new project quickly.
15. Ctrl + O: Opens the Open File dialog box, allowing you to open an existing document.
16. Ctrl + P: Opens the Print dialog box, allowing you to print the current document.
17. Ctrl + Q: Removes paragraph formatting from the selected paragraph, returning it to the default settings.
18. Ctrl + R: Aligns the selected text to the right margin. Useful for creating specific text layouts.
19. Ctrl + S: Saves the current document. It's a quick way to save your work without using the mouse.
20. Ctrl + T: Creates a hanging indent for the selected paragraph, commonly used for creating reference lists.
21. Ctrl + U: Applies or removes underline formatting to the selected text. Underlined text is often used for
emphasis.
22. Ctrl + V: Pastes the content from the clipboard to the current cursor location.
23. Ctrl + W: Closes the current document or window.
24. Ctrl + X: Cuts the selected text or object, removing it from the document and copying it to the clipboard.
25. Ctrl + Y: Repeats the last action performed. Useful for quickly applying the same formatting multiple
times.
26. Ctrl + Z: Undoes the last action. If you make a mistake, you can use this shortcut to reverse it.
Microsoft Excel:
1. Ctrl + - (Minus Key): Deletes the selected cells or rows in Excel.
2. Ctrl + + (Plus Key): Inserts cells or rows in Excel.
3. Ctrl + A: Selects all the cells in the current worksheet. Useful for quickly highlighting and editing the
entire worksheet.
4. Ctrl + C: Copies the selected cells or objects to the clipboard.
5. Ctrl + D: Fills down the contents from the topmost cell in the selected range in Excel.
6. Ctrl + F: Opens the Find dialog box. You can use this shortcut to search for specific values or text in the
worksheet.
7. Ctrl + G: Opens the Go To dialog box. You can use this shortcut to quickly navigate to a specific cell or
range.
8. Ctrl + H: Opens the Find and Replace dialog box. You can use this shortcut to find and replace specific
values or text in the worksheet.
9. Ctrl + I: Applies or removes italic formatting to the selected cells or text in Excel.
10. Ctrl + R: Fills right the contents from the leftmost cell in the selected range in Excel.
11. Ctrl + S: Saves the current workbook. It's a quick way to save your work without using the mouse.
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

12. Ctrl + U: Applies or removes underline formatting to the selected cells or text in Excel.
13. Ctrl + V: Pastes the content from the clipboard to the current cursor location.
14. Ctrl + W: Closes the current workbook.
15. Ctrl + X: Cuts the selected cells or objects, removing them from the worksheet and copying them to the
clipboard.
16. Ctrl + Y: Redoes the last action. Useful for quickly reapplying changes that were undone.
17. Ctrl + Z: Undoes the last action. If you make a mistake, you can use this shortcut to reverse it.
Microsoft PowerPoint:
1. Ctrl + A: Selects all the objects or text in the current slide. Useful for quickly highlighting and editing the
entire slide.
2. Ctrl + B: Applies or removes bold formatting to the selected text or objects in PowerPoint.
3. Ctrl + C: Copies the selected text or objects to the clipboard.
4. Ctrl + D: Duplicates the selected object or slide in PowerPoint.
5. Ctrl + E: Centers the selected text in the middle of the slide or object in PowerPoint.
6. Ctrl + F: Opens the Find dialog box. You can use this shortcut to search for specific text in the
presentation.
7. Ctrl + G: Groups the selected objects together in PowerPoint.
8. Ctrl + H: Opens the Replace dialog box. You can use this shortcut to find and replace specific text in the
presentation.
9. Ctrl + I: Applies or removes italic formatting to the selected text or objects in PowerPoint.
10. Ctrl + J: Justifies the selected text, aligning it to both the left and right edges in PowerPoint.
11. Ctrl + K: Opens the Insert Hyperlink dialog box. You can use this shortcut to insert hyperlinks to websites,
files, or email addresses.
12. Ctrl + L: Aligns the selected text to the left of the slide or object in PowerPoint.
13. Ctrl + M: Adds a new slide to the presentation in PowerPoint.
14. Ctrl + N: Opens a new, blank presentation. Useful for starting a new project quickly.
15. Ctrl + O: Opens the Open File dialog box, allowing you to open an existing presentation.
16. Ctrl + P: Opens the Print dialog box, allowing you to print the current presentation.
17. Ctrl + R: Aligns the selected text to the right of the slide or object in PowerPoint.
18. Ctrl + S: Saves the current presentation. It's a quick way to save your work without using the mouse.
19. Ctrl + U: Applies or removes underline formatting to the selected text or objects in PowerPoint.
20. Ctrl + V: Pastes the content from the clipboard to the current cursor location.
21. Ctrl + W: Closes the current presentation.
22. Ctrl + X: Cuts the selected text or objects, removing them from the slide and copying them to the
clipboard.
23. Ctrl + Y: Redoes the last action. Useful for quickly reapplying changes that were undone.
24. Ctrl + Z: Undoes the last action. If you make a mistake, you can use this shortcut to reverse it
Past Papers Questions
1. Microsoft Excel is best suited for:
a) Word processing and document creation
b) Creating presentation slides with multimedia
c) Data analysis, calculations, and organizing numerical data in tables
d) Creating artistic and creative content
2. In Microsoft Excel, which control shortcut key is used to select all cells in the current
worksheet?
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

a) Ctrl + A
b) Ctrl + C
c) Ctrl + S
d) Ctrl + P
3. Microsoft PowerPoint is primarily used for:
a) Performing data analysis and creating charts
b) Word processing and creating textual documents
c) Creating presentation slides with text, images, and multimedia
d) Creating spreadsheets with formulas and functions
4. In Microsoft Word, which of the following is a unique feature not found in Excel or
PowerPoint?
a) Creating pivot tables for data analysis
b) Applying animations and transitions to slides
c) Text formatting and paragraph alignment
d) Using formulas and functions to manipulate data
5. In Microsoft Excel, the control shortcut key "Ctrl + X" is used for:
a) Cutting the selected cells
b) Copying the selected cells
c) Pasting the copied cells
d) Clearing the selected cells
6. Which application is best suited for creating and editing textual documents like
resumes and letters?
a) Microsoft Word
b) Microsoft Excel
c) Microsoft PowerPoint
d) None of the above
7. In Microsoft PowerPoint, what is the control shortcut key for new slide?
a) Ctrl + N
b) Ctrl + M
c) Ctrl + PgDn
d) Ctrl + PgUp
8. What is the control shortcut key for aligning selected text to the center in Microsoft Word
a)Ctrl + C
b) Ctrl + E
c) Ctrl + R
d) Ctrl + L
9. Microsoft Word is primarily used for:
a) Creating presentations with multimedia elements
b) Performing data analysis and calculations
c) Word processing and creating textual documents
d) Creating spreadsheets with charts and graphs
10. In Microsoft Excel, which control shortcut key is used to create a new worksheet?
a) Ctrl + N
b) Ctrl + Shift + N
c) Ctrl + W
d) Ctrl + Shift + W
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

Microsoft Word
Microsoft Word:
Microsoft Word is popular word processing software developed by Microsoft. It is part
of the Microsoft Office suite of productivity applications. Microsoft Word allows users to
create, edit, format, and save documents. It provides a wide range of tools and features
for text formatting, page layout, spell-checking, grammar checking, and more. Users can
create various types of documents, including letters, resumes, reports, essays, and other
professional and personal documents.
Default Settings in Microsoft Word:
Default settings in Microsoft Word refer to the standard configurations that are applied
when you open a new document.
1. Default Font:
The default font in Microsoft Word is "Calibri" with a font size of 11 points. Smallest
Font Size: 8 points Largest Font Size: 72 points
2. Default Page Margins:
The default page margins are usually set to 1 inch on all sides (top, bottom, left, and
right).
3. Default Line Spacing:
The default line spacing is often set to "1.15" or "1.0" for single-spacing.
4. Default Paragraph Alignment:
The default paragraph alignment is "left-aligned," which means the text starts at the left
margin and is ragged on the right.
5. Default Paper Size:
In most versions, the default paper size is set to "Letter" (8.5 x 11 inches) for documents
created in the United States. In other regions, the default paper size might be "A4" (210
x 297 mm).
6. Default Save Format:
The default save format for new documents is often the ".docx" format, which is the
XML-based file format used by newer versions of Word.
Information Bars
1. Title Bar:
The title bar is at the top of the Word window and displays the name of the
currently opened document. It also contains the standard minimize,
maximize/restore, and close buttons.
2. Quick Access Toolbar:
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

The Quick Access Toolbar is a small customizable toolbar located at the top left
corner of the Word window, above or below the Ribbon. By default, it contains
shortcuts to common commands like Save, Undo, and Redo. Users can add or
remove buttons to customize it according to their preferences.
3. Ribbon:
The Ribbon is a panel at the top of the Word window that contains various tabs,
each with groups of commands relevant to specific tasks. The Ribbon replaces
the traditional menu and toolbar interface and provides quick access to a wide
range of Word's features and functions.
4. Scroll Bar:
The scroll bar appears on the right side of the Word window and allows you to
navigate through the document by scrolling up or down.
5. Status Bar:
The status bar is located at the bottom of the Word window and provides useful
information about the document and the current state of Word. It may display
details like the page number, word count, language settings, track changes
status, zoom level, and more.
6. View Buttons:
The view buttons are found in the bottom-right corner of the Word window and
allow you to switch between different document views like "Print Layout," "Read
Mode," "Web Layout," and more.
Default Tabs
1. File Tab (or Office Button in older versions):
This tab is used to access the File menu, where you can open, save, print, and
manage documents. It also provides access to document properties, options, and
permissions. In newer versions of Word, this tab is represented by the File icon.
2. Home Tab:
The Home tab contains frequently used commands for basic text formatting and
editing. It includes options for font formatting (e.g., font style, size, color, bold,
italic, underline), paragraph formatting (e.g., alignment, line spacing, bullets,
numbering), clipboard functions (e.g., cut, copy, paste), and more.
3. Insert Tab:
The Insert tab allows you to add various elements to your document. It includes
options to insert pictures, shapes, charts, tables, headers, footers, page numbers,
and other objects like hyperlinks and symbols.
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

4. Page Layout Tab:

The Page Layout tab offers tools to control the overall layout and appearance of
the document. It includes options for setting page margins, orientation (portrait
or landscape), page size, color, columns, indentation, watermark and themes.
5. References Tab:
The References tab is primarily used for managing citations, bibliographies, and
table of contents in longer documents. It includes features like Table of Contents,
Footnotes, Citations & Bibliography, Captions, and Index.
6. Mailings Tab:
The Mailings tab is focused on creating and managing mail merge documents. It
is used for tasks such as generating form letters, envelopes, labels, and
performing data merges.
7. Review Tab:
The Review tab provides tools for proofreading, editing, and collaborating on
documents. It includes functions such as spell check, track changes, comments,
comparing documents, and protecting documents.
8. View Tab:
The View tab offers different document viewing options. It includes settings for
adjusting the document's zoom level, switching between different document
views (e.g., Print Layout, Read Mode, Web Layout), and showing or hiding rulers,
gridlines, and other elements.
9. Help Tab:
The Help tab provides access to Microsoft Word's built-in Help system, where
you can find assistance, tutorials, and information on using Word's features
effectively.
Ctrl+shift keys
1. Ctrl + Shift + C: Copies the formatting of the selected text or object.
1. Ctrl + Shift + V: Pastes the copied formatting to the selected text or object.
2. Ctrl + Shift + N: Applies the Normal style to the selected text, removing any
other formatting.
3. Ctrl + Shift + P: Changes the font size of the selected text to the next larger
size in the font size list.
4. Ctrl + Shift + <: Decreases the font size of the selected text.
5. Ctrl + Shift + >: Increases the font size of the selected text.
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

6. Ctrl + Shift + F: Changes the font of the selected text.

7. Ctrl + Shift + L: Applies left alignment to the selected paragraphs.
8. Ctrl + Shift + E: Applies center alignment to the selected paragraphs.
9. Ctrl + Shift + R: Applies right alignment to the selected paragraphs.
10. Ctrl + Shift + J: Justifies the selected paragraphs (aligns both left and right edges).
11. Ctrl + Shift + T: Creates a hanging indent for the selected paragraph(s).
12. Ctrl + Shift + M: Indents the selected paragraph from the left.
13. Ctrl + Shift + Tilde (~): Changes the language for the selected text.
14. Ctrl + Shift + A: Changes the selected text to uppercase.
15. Ctrl + Shift + K: Inserts a hyperlink to the selected text or object.
16. Ctrl + Shift + H: Applies highlighting to the selected text.
17. Ctrl + Shift + S: Starts or stops tracking changes in the document.
18. Ctrl + Shift + W: Underlines the selected words, but not the spaces.
19. Ctrl + Shift + Spacebar: Creates a non-breaking space.
Function Keys
1) F1: Opens the Help menu, allowing you to access the Microsoft Word Help system
for assistance with using the application and finding answers to common questions.
2) F2: Activates the Edit mode, allowing you to modify the selected text or object
directly.
3) F3: In some versions, F3 can be used to insert an autotext entry (predefined text)
into the document.
4) F4: Repeats the last action or command. It is especially handy for repetitive tasks.
5) F5: Opens the "Go To" dialog box, allowing you to jump to a specific page, section,
line, or bookmark in the document.
6) F6: Moves the cursor between different panes in the Word window (for example,
between the document and the navigation pane).
7) F7: Activates the Spelling and Grammar check, helping you identify and correct
spelling and grammar errors in the document.
8) F8: Enters the Word's Extend Selection mode, which allows you to select text using
the keyboard arrow keys.
9) F9: Updates fields in the document. Fields are placeholders for dynamic content
such as page numbers, date, and time.
10) F10: Activates the Menu Bar, highlighting key menu options. You can then use the
arrow keys to navigate the menus.
11) F11: Creates a new Microsoft Word document.
12) F12: Opens the "Save As" dialog box, allowing you to save the current document
with a new name or in a different location
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

13) Alt + F1: Creates a new chart based on the selected data in the document.
14) Alt + F2: Opens the "Save As" dialog box, allowing you to save the current
document with a new name or in a different location.
15) Alt + F3: Inserts an AutoText entry (predefined text) into the document.
16) Alt + F4: Closes the active document. If there are no other open documents,
it will also close Microsoft Word. Or window.
17) Alt + F5: Restores the size of the active window if it has been minimized.
18) Alt + F6: Switches to the next open document window.
19) Alt + F7: Initiates a spelling and grammar check for the current document.
20) Alt + F8: Opens the "Macro" dialog box to run or create a macro.
21) Alt + F9: Toggles the display of field codes in the document.
22)Alt + F10: Activates the Menu Bar, highlighting key menu options. You
can then use the arrow keys to navigate the menus.
23) Alt + F11: Opens the Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) editor, allowing you
to work with macros and write VBA code
Past Papers Questions
1. What is Microsoft Word primarily used for?
a) Creating spreadsheets
b) Creating presentations
c) Word processing
d) Editing images
2. Which of the following is the default font in Microsoft Word?
a) Times New Roman
b) Arial
c) Calibri
d) Verdana
3. What is the default font size in Microsoft Word?
a) 8 points
b) 10 points
c) 11 points
d) 12 points
4. What is the default page margin in Microsoft Word?
a) 0.5 inches
b) 1 inch
c) 1.5 inches
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

d) 2 inches
5. Which tab in Microsoft Word is used for basic text formatting and editing?
a) Home Tab
b) Insert Tab
c) Page Layout Tab
d) References Tab
6. The default line spacing in Microsoft Word is usually set to:
a) Single-spacing
b) Double-spacing
c) 1.5 line spacing
d) Triple-spacing
7. What is the default paper size in most versions of Microsoft Word?
a) A4
b) A3
c) Letter (8.5 x 11 inches)
d) Legal (8.5 x 14 inches)
8. What is the default file format for saving new documents in Microsoft Word?
a) .doc
b) .txt
c) .rtf
d) .docx
9. Which information bar provides details like page number, word count, and
zoom level in Microsoft Word?
a) Scroll Bar
b) Ribbon
c) Quick Access Toolbar
d) Status Bar
10. The function of Alt + F7 in Microsoft Word is to:
a) Create a new document
b) Start a spelling and grammar check
c) Open the "Save As" dialog box
d) Copy formatting of selected text
11. Ctrl + Shift + C is used for:
a) Copying selected text format
b) Changing font size to the next larger size
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

c) Applying center alignment to selected paragraphs

d) Creating a non-breaking space
12. What is the maximum default font size provided in Microsoft Word?
a) 280points
b) 100 points
c) 72 points
d) 172 points
13. What is the minimum default font size in Microsoft Word?
a) 8 points
b) Zero points
c) 11 points
d) 12 points
14. Which bar is located at the top of the Word window and displays the
name of the currently opened document?
a) Status Bar
b) Ribbon
c) Title Bar
d) Scroll Bar
15. Ctrl + Shift + A in Microsoft Word is used to:
a) Apply left alignment to selected paragraphs
b) Change the selected text to uppercase
c) Apply highlighting to selected text
d) Create a hanging indent for selected paragraphs
16. What is the function of Alt + F4 in Microsoft Word?
a) Closes the active document
b) Restores the size of the active window
c) Toggles the display of field codes
d) Switches to the next open document window
17. Which information bar is used for navigating through the document by
scrolling up or down?
a) Scroll Bar
b) Status Bar
c) Quick Access Toolbar
d) View Buttons
18. The default paragraph alignment in Microsoft Word is:
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

a) Left-aligned
b) Right-aligned
c) Center-aligned
d) Justified
19. Ctrl + Shift + > in Microsoft Word creates:
a) A non-breaking space
b) Increases the font size of the selected text.
c) Decreases the font size of the selected text
d) A hyperlink to the selected text
20. Which tab in Microsoft Word provides options for adjusting the
document's layout and appearance?
a) Home Tab
b) Insert Tab
c) Page Layout Tab
d) View Tab
Microsoft Excel
Microsoft Excel is powerful spreadsheet software developed by Microsoft as part of the
Microsoft Office suite of productivity applications. It is widely used for data analysis,
organizing and manipulating numerical data, creating charts and graphs, and performing
various calculations. Excel provides a grid-like layout with rows and columns, where users
can enter, store, and manipulate data.
1. Cell:
In Microsoft Excel, a cell is the basic building block of a spreadsheet. It is the intersection point of a row
and a column and is identified by its unique cell address, which consists of a column letter followed by a
row number. For example, cell A1 refers to the cell in the first column and the first row.
 A cell is a rectangular box within the worksheet grid where you can enter data, formulas,
or text.
 It can contain various types of data, such as numbers, text, dates, or formulas that
perform calculations.
 Each cell has a specific cell address, which consists of the column letter followed by the
row number, to uniquely identify its location in the worksheet.
 You can format cells to change their appearance, apply number formats, add borders, and
adjust alignment.
2. Row:
 A row in Excel is a horizontal line of cells that runs from left to right across the worksheet.
 Rows are identified by numbers starting from 1 at the top of the worksheet and
increasing as you move down.
 By default, Excel 2007 and later versions support up to 1,048,576 rows.
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

3. Column:
 A column in Excel is a vertical line of cells that runs from top to bottom across the
worksheet.
 Columns are identified by letters starting from A on the left side of the worksheet and
increasing as you move to the right.
 By default, Excel 2007 and later versions support up to 16,384 columns

Key features of Microsoft Excel:

1. Grid Structure: Excel presents data in a grid format with rows and columns, where cells
are used to store data, formulas, or functions.
2. Formulas and Functions: Excel allows users to perform various calculations using
formulas and functions. Users can create complex calculations that reference data from
different cells or ranges.
3. Charts and Graphs: Excel offers a wide range of chart types, such as pie charts, bar charts,
line charts, etc., to visualize data in a more understandable and visually appealing way.
4. Data Analysis: Excel includes various data analysis tools like sorting, filtering, pivot tables,
and conditional formatting to help users analyze and interpret data effectively.
5. Data Validation: Users can set rules and conditions to validate data entered into cells,
ensuring data integrity and accuracy.
6. Macros: Excel supports Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), allowing users to create
macros, which are automated scripts that perform repetitive tasks.
7. Collaboration: Excel enables multiple users to work on the same workbook
simultaneously, promoting collaboration and real-time updates.
8. Data Import and Export: Excel can import data from various sources like text files,
databases, and other spreadsheets. It can also export data to different formats.
9. Templates: Excel offers pre-designed templates for various tasks, such as budgeting,
project management, calendars, and more
Default settings:
1. Number of Rows and Columns:
Excel 2007 and later versions: A new worksheet in Excel 2007 and later versions starts with 1,048,576
rows (from row 1 to row 1048576) and 16,384 columns (from column A to column XFD).
2. Cell Size:
a. Default Column Width: The default width of a column is 8.43 characters, which is approximately
64 pixels for the Calibri font at a font size of 11 points.
3. Default Row Height:
a. The default height of a row is determined by the font size. For the Calibri font at a font size of
11 points, the default row height is around 15 points.
4. Default Font and Font Size:
a. Font: The default font in Excel is Calibri.
b. Font Size: The default font size in Excel is 11 points.
5. Default Worksheet Name:
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

a. When you create a new worksheet in Excel, the default name is "Sheet1." If you add more
sheets, they are named "Sheet2," "Sheet3," and so on.
6. Default AutoSave and Auto Recover Settings:
a. By default, Excel automatically saves your work every 10 minutes using the AutoSave feature. It
also creates periodic backups of your workbook through the AutoRecover feature.
7. Default Page Setup:
a. The default page setup includes a standard paper size, orientation (usually portrait), and
margins.
8. The default file name in Microsoft Excel:
For a new, unsaved workbook is usually name is "Book1". When you open a new Excel file or create
a new workbook without specifying a name, Excel will automatically assign it the default name
"Book1". Similarly, if you create additional new workbooks without giving them a specific name,
Excel will name them "Book2", "Book3", and so on, incrementing the number for each new
workbook.
Information Bars of ms excel
1. Formula Bar:
The formula bar is located above the worksheet grid and displays the content of the
selected cell. It shows the cell's value or formula, and you can directly edit the cell's
content from here.
2. Ribbon Tabs Bar :
The Ribbon is the horizontal bar at the top of the Excel window that organizes commands
and features into multiple tabs. Each tab contains groups of related commands. Common
tabs on the Ribbon include Home, Insert, Page Layout, Formulas, Data, Review, and View.

Home Tab:
 Clipboard: Contains commands for copying, cutting, pasting, and formatting data.
 Font: Allows you to change font styles, sizes, colors, and alignment.
 Alignment: Controls text alignment, orientation, and indentation.
 Number: Formats cells with different number formats (e.g., currency, percentage, date).
 Styles: Provides predefined cell styles for quick formatting.
 Cells: Offers options to insert, delete, or format cells and manage data.
 Editing: Contains commands for find and replace, data sorting, and other editing functions.
Insert Tab:
 Tables: Lets you insert tables to organize and analyze data.
 Charts: Allows you to create various types of charts to visualize data.
 Spark lines: Provides miniature charts that fit within a single cell.
 Filter: Adds data filtering options to the table or range.
 PivotTable: Lets you create and manage PivotTables for data analysis.
Page Layout Tab:
 Themes: Applies predefined themes to change the look and feel of the workbook.
 Page Setup: Manages printing settings, margins, orientation, and scaling.
 Scale to Fit: Adjusts the size of the worksheet to fit on a specified number of pages for printing.
 Sheet Options: Controls gridlines, headers, and footers.
 Arrange: Organizes objects like images and shapes within the worksheet.
Formulas Tab:
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

 Function Library: Provides a list of built-in functions to use in formulas.

 Defined Names: Manages named ranges and defined names for cells and ranges.
 Formula Auditing: Helps analyze and debug complex formulas.
 Calculation: Allows you to control calculation options and settings.
Data Tab:
 Get & Transform Data: Lets you import data from external sources and transform it.
 Sort & Filter: Sorts data and applies various filtering options.
 Data Tools: Contains commands for data validation, data consolidation, and removing duplicates.
 What-If Analysis: Enables scenario management and goal seeking.
Review Tab:
 Proofing: Contains spell check and language options.
 Comments: Allows you to add, edit, and manage comments in cells.
 Changes: Facilitates tracking changes and managing revisions in shared workbooks.
 Protect: Enables workbook and worksheet protection.
View Tab:
 Workbook Views: Switches between different views, such as Normal, Page Layout, and Page Break
Preview.
 Show: Controls display options, such as gridlines, headings, and formula bar.
 Zoom: Adjusts the zoom level for better visibility.
 Window: Manages multiple windows and view options for workbooks.
3. Status Bar:
The status bar is located at the bottom of the Excel window. It provides information about
the current status of the worksheet, such as the sum, average, minimum, and maximum of
selected cells. It also shows various modes like "Ready" when the application is idle.
4. Sheet Tabs:
Located at the bottom of the Excel window, sheet tabs represent individual worksheets in
a workbook. By default, a new workbook has three sheets, but you can add or delete
sheets as needed.
5. Dialog Boxes:
Excel uses dialog boxes to display additional options or settings for various commands.
For example, when you perform tasks like formatting cells, creating charts, or sorting data,
Excel may open a dialog box to allow you to customize the process.
6. Error Checking Options:
When Excel detects an error in a formula or data entry, it may display a small green
triangle in the upper-left corner of the cell. Clicking on the triangle provides options to
help you address the error.
7. ToolTips
: Excel displays ToolTips when you hover the mouse over certain buttons, icons, or options.
ToolTips provide brief explanations or descriptions of the function or purpose of the item
Function Keys (F1 to F12):
1. F1: Opens the Excel Help window, providing assistance and documentation for the application.
2. F2: Activates the cell's edit mode, allowing you to modify the content of the selected cell.
3. F3: Opens the Paste Name dialog box, showing a list of defined names or named ranges in the workbook.
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

4. F4: Repeats the last action performed. Pressing it repeatedly cycles through the last actions.
5. F5: Opens the Go To dialog box, enabling you to navigate to a specific cell or range in the worksheet.
6. F6: Switches between different areas of the Excel window, such as the worksheet, Ribbon, and task panes.
7. F7: Opens the Spelling dialog box to check the spelling in the worksheet.
8. F8: Activates the Extend Selection mode, allowing you to select cells using the arrow keys.
9. F9: Recalculates all formulas in the workbook.
10. F10: Activates the Ribbon, which allows you to access various Excel commands and features using the
keyboard.
11. F11: Creates a new chart in a new chart sheet based on the selected data.
12. F12: Opens the Save As dialog box to save the workbook with a new name or in a different location.
Alt Function Keys in Microsoft Excel:
1. Alt+F1: Inserts a new chart based on the selected data in the current worksheet itself.
2. Alt+F2: Opens the Save As dialog box to save the workbook with a new name or in a different location.
3. Alt+F3: Opens the Create Names dialog box to define names for selected cells or ranges.
4. Alt+F4: Closes the Excel application and any open workbooks.
5. Alt+F5: Displays the Go To dialog box, enabling you to navigate to a specific cell or range in the
worksheet.
6. Alt+F6: Switches between different areas of the Excel window, such as the worksheet, Ribbon, and task
panes.
7. Alt+F7: Opens the Spelling dialog box to check the spelling in the worksheet.
8. Alt+F8: Displays the Macro dialog box, allowing you to run, create, or edit macros.
9. Alt+F9: Calculates the active worksheet only, without recalculating the entire workbook.
10. Alt+F10: Activates the menu bar, allowing you to access Excel's traditional drop-down menus.
11. Alt+F11: Opens the Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) editor, where you can write or modify macros.
12. Alt+F12: Opens the Save As dialog box to save the workbook with a new name or in a different location.

CTRl + shift keys for ms excel

Ctrl + Shift + Plus Sign (+): Insert cells, rows, or columns.
Ctrl + Shift + Minus Sign (-): Delete cells, rows, or columns.
Ctrl + Shift +!: Apply the number format with two decimal places, thousands separator.
Ctrl + Shift + #: Apply the date format with the day, month, and year.
Ctrl + Shift + $: Apply the currency format with two decimal places, currency symbol.
Ctrl + Shift + %: Apply the percentage format.
Ctrl + Shift + ^: Apply the exponential number format.
Ctrl + Shift + &: Apply borders to selected cells.
Ctrl + Shift + _: Remove borders from selected cells.
Ctrl + Shift + *: Select the current region around the active cell.
Ctrl + Shift + Arrow Keys: Extend the selection to the last non-blank cell in the row or column.
Ctrl + Shift + Home: Extend the selection to the beginning of the worksheet.
Ctrl + Shift + End: Extend the selection to the last used cell on the worksheet (lower-right corner).
Ctrl + Shift + Page Up: Select the current and previous sheet in a workbook.
Ctrl + Shift + Page Down: Select the current and next sheet in a workbook.

Formulae and functions

!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

1. SUM:
Explanation: Adds up a range of numbers. Example: =SUM(A1:A5) adds the values in cells A1 to A5.
2. AVERAGE
: Explanation: Calculates the average of a range of numbers. Example: =AVERAGE(B1:B10) calculates the
average of values in cells B1 to B10.
3. COUNT:
Explanation: Counts the number of cells containing numerical values in a range. Example:
=COUNT(C1:C8) counts the number of cells in the range C1 to C8 that contain numbers.
4. COUNTA:
Explanation: Counts the number of non-empty cells in a range. Example: =COUNTA(D1:D7) counts the
number of non-empty cells in the range D1 to D7.
5. MAX:
Explanation: Finds the maximum value in a range of numbers. Example: =MAX(E1:E10) returns the largest
value in cells E1 to E10.
6. MIN:
Explanation: Finds the minimum value in a range of numbers. Example: =MIN(F1:F6) returns the smallest
value in cells F1 to F6.
7. IF:
Explanation: Performs a logical test and returns different values based on the result. Example: =IF(G1>10,
"Greater than 10", "Less than or equal to 10") checks if the value in cell G1 is greater than 10.
8. VLOOKUP:
Explanation: Searches for a value in the first column of a table and returns a value in the same row from a
specified column. Example: =VLOOKUP(H1, A1:B10, 2, FALSE) looks for the value in cell H1 in column A of
the table A1:B10 and returns the corresponding value from column B.
9. HLOOKUP:
Explanation: Searches for a value in the first row of a table and returns a value in the same column from a
specified row. Example: =HLOOKUP(I1, A1:E5, 3, FALSE) looks for the value in cell I1 in the first row of the
table A1:E5 and returns the corresponding value from row 3.
10. INDEX:
Explanation: Returns the value of a cell in a specified row and column in a given range. Example:
=INDEX(A1:C5, 3, 2) returns the value in the third row and second column of the range A1:C5.
11. MATCH:
Explanation: Searches for a specified value in a range and returns its relative position. Example:
=MATCH(J1, D1:D10, 0) finds the position of the value in cell J1 within the range D1:D10.
12. CONCATENATE:
Explanation: Joins two or more text strings into one. Example: =CONCATENATE("Hello, ", "World!")
combines the text strings "Hello, " and "World!" into "Hello, World!".
13. TEXT:
Explanation: Converts a value to text using a specified format. Example: =TEXT(NOW(), "dd-mmm-yyyy
hh:mm:ss") converts the current date and time to text in the format "24-Jul-2023 13:45:22".
14. SUMIF:
Explanation: Adds up values in a range based on a given condition. Example: =SUMIF(K1:K10, ">50")
sums the values in the range K1:K10 that are greater than 50.
15. AVERAGEIF:
Explanation: Calculates the average of values in a range based on a given condition. Example:
=AVERAGEIF(L1:L8, "<>0") calculates the average of values in the range L1:L8 excluding zero values.
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

16. COUNTIF:
Explanation: Counts the number of cells that meet a specified condition in a range. Example:
=COUNTIF(M1:M5, "Apple") counts the number of cells in the range M1:M5 that contain the text "Apple".
17. SUMIFS:
Explanation: Adds up values in a range based on multiple conditions. Example: =SUMIFS(N1:N10, O1:O10,
"Red", P1:P10, ">100") sums the values in N1:N10 where cells in O1:O10 are "Red" and cells in P1:P10 are
greater than 100.
18. AVERAGEIFS:
Explanation: Calculates the average of values in a range based on multiple conditions. Example:
=AVERAGEIFS(Q1:Q7, R1:R7, "Fruits", S1:S7, ">10") calculates the average of values in Q1:Q7 where cells
in R1:R7 are "Fruits" and cells in S1:S7 are greater than 10.
19. COUNTIFS:
Explanation: Counts the number of cells that meet multiple conditions in a range. Example:
=COUNTIFS(T1:T12, "Red", U1:U12, ">50") counts the number of cells in the range T1:T12 that contain
"Red" and have a value greater than 50 in U1:U12.
20. IFERROR:
Explanation: Returns a value you specify if a formula evaluates to an error; otherwise, it returns the result
of the formula. Example: =IFERROR(VLOOKUP(V1, A1:B10, 2, FALSE), "Not Found") looks for the value in
cell V1 in column A of the table A1:B10 and returns the corresponding value from column B. If the value is
not found, it returns "Not Found"

Past Papers Questions

1. Which function can be used to count the number of cells containing numeric values in a range?
A) COUNT
B) COUNTA
C) COUNTIF
D) SUM
2. What does the F4 key do in Excel?
A) Repeats the last action.
B) Opens the Format Cells dialog box.
C) Switches between relative and absolute cell references.
D) Activates the Go To dialog box.
3. In Excel, what does the "Merge & Center" button do?
A Merges multiple workbooks into one.
B) Combines multiple cells into a single cell and centers the content.
C) Aligns cells to the center of the worksheet.
D) Adjusts the row height and column width to fit the content.
4. Which formula is used to add the values in cells A1 to A10?
A) =A1+A2+A3+A4+A5+A6+A7+A8+A9+A10
B) =SUM(A1:A10)
C) =ADD(A1:A10)
D) =TOTAL(A1:A10)
5. What is the purpose of the "IF" function in Excel?
A) To count the number of cells meeting a specific condition.
B) To perform logical tests and return different values based on the result.
C) To calculate the average of a range of cells.
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

D) To find the minimum value in a range.

6. Which keyboard shortcut is used to insert the current date into a cell?
A) Ctrl+D
B) Alt+D
C) Ctrl+;
D) Alt+;
7. Which chart type is best suited for comparing individual data points to a whole?
A) Line Chart
B) Scatter Plot
C) Bar Chart
D) Pie Chart
8. To quickly copy the content of cell A1 to A2, you can use which shortcut?
A) Ctrl+C, Ctrl+V
B) Ctrl+X, Ctrl+V
C) Ctrl+D
D) Ctrl+R
9. What does the "Transpose" option do in Excel?
A) Changes the font size of selected cells.
B) Copies data from rows to columns or vice versa.
C) Aligns text to the right of the cell.
D) Changes the cell format to a percentage.
10. Which function is used to find the largest value in a range of cells?
A) MAX
B) MIN
C) LARGE
D) BIG
11. Which option in Excel allows you to repeat specific rows or columns on every printed page?
A) Print Titles
B) Print Preview
C) Page Setup
D) Page Layout
12. What is the keyboard shortcut to insert a new row in Excel?
A) Ctrl+R
B) Ctrl+I
C) Ctrl+Alt+R
D) Ctrl+Shift+=
13. Which Excel function is used to count the number of cells containing specific text within a range?
A) COUNTIF
B) COUNTA
C) COUNTTEXT
D) COUNTCHAR
14. In Excel, what does the function "VLOOKUP" do?
A) Searches for a value in the left most column of a table and returns a value in the same row from a
specified column.
B) Searches for a value in the top row of a table and returns a value in the same column from a specified
row.
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

C) Searches for a value in a range of cells and returns the count of occurrences.
D) Searches for a value in a range of cells and returns the maximum value.
15. What does the "Freeze Panes" feature in Excel do?
A) Locks selected cells to prevent changes.
B) Protects the worksheet with a password.
C) Splits the worksheet into multiple panes.
D) Keeps certain rows and/or columns visible while scrolling through the worksheet.
16. What is the result of the formula: =3+5*2^2
A) 13
B) 16
C) 20
D) 18
17. Which option in Excel allows you to automatically adjust the width of a column to fit the longest entry?
A) AutoFit
B) AutoFormat
C) AutoSum
D) AutoCorrect
18. Which chart type is suitable for showing trends over time or comparing data in a continuous order?
A) Pie Chart
B) Scatter Plot
C) Line Chart
D) Bar Chart
19. What is the shortcut to create a new worksheet in Excel?
A) Ctrl+N
B) Alt+N
C) Ctrl+Shift+N
D) Alt+Shift+N
20. Which function is used to calculate the average of a range of cells in Excel?
A) AVG
B) MEAN
C) AVERAGE
D) TOTAL

Microsoft PowerPoint
Microsoft. PowerPoint:
It is widely used for creating slideshows, presentations, and interactive content. You can use it to convey
information, showcase ideas, and create visually engaging presentations.
1. Slide Layouts: PowerPoint provides various default slide layouts, such as Title Slide, Title and Content,
Two Content, Blank, and more. These layouts help you structure your content effectively.
2. Themes:
PowerPoint offers default themes that control the overall appearance of your presentation. Themes
include preset color schemes, fonts, and effects that you can apply to give your presentation a consistent
and professional look.
3. Slide Size:
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

The default slide size in PowerPoint is typically set to 16:9 widescreen aspect ratio. However, you can
change the slide size to other options like 4:3 or custom dimensions as per your needs.
4. Text Boxes:
When you insert a text box on a slide, it will have default font settings such as font type, size, color, and
alignment. You can customize these settings to match your preferences.
5. Bullet Points:
When you create bulleted or numbered lists in a text box, PowerPoint uses default bullet point styles. You
can modify these styles to suit your presentation's design.
6. Animations:
PowerPoint includes default animation effects that you can apply to objects on your slides. These
animations control how elements enter, exit, and move on the slide during your presentation.
7. Transitions:
Slide transitions determine how one slide transitions to the next. PowerPoint has default transition effects,
such as Fade, Slide Left, Slide Up, and more.
8. SmartArt Graphics:
PowerPoint provides default SmartArt graphics that allow you to create visually appealing diagrams and
processes.
9. Charts and Graphs:
You can insert default charts and graphs, such as bar charts, pie charts, and line graphs, to visualize data in
your presentation.
10. Shapes:
PowerPoint offers a variety of default shapes that you can use to create diagrams, flowcharts, icons, and
other visual elements

Information Bars
1. Compatibility Mode Bar:
If you open a presentation created in an older version of PowerPoint or a different program, you might
see a Compatibility Mode bar. This bar appears at the top of the PowerPoint window and informs you that
you are working in compatibility mode. It may offer options to update the presentation to the current
PowerPoint format.
2. Protected View Bar:
When you open a presentation downloaded from the internet or an email attachment, PowerPoint might
open it in "Protected View" to prevent potential security risks. The Protected View bar informs you that the
file is in protected view and provides options to enable editing or enable content.
3. Media Playback Bar:
When you insert audio or video files into your presentation, a media playback bar appears when you
select the media object. This bar allows you to control playback options, such as play, pause, volume, and
more.
4. Add-ins Notification Bar:
If you have installed PowerPoint add-ins or plugins, you might see a notification bar that provides
information about the add-in's status or options to interact with it.
5. Smart Lookup Bar:
When you select a word or phrase in a slide's text box and right-click to open the context menu, you may
see the option to "Smart Lookup." This feature allows you to search for information related to the selected
text using Bing.
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

6. Language Bar:
If you have multiple language options enabled in PowerPoint, you might see a language bar that appears
when you select text. This bar provides options to change the language settings for the selected text.
7. Slide Show Controls:
During a slide show presentation, PowerPoint displays controls at the bottom of the screen. These controls
allow you to navigate through the slides, pause the presentation, and access additional options.
Ctrl+shift keys
1. Ctrl + Shift + Arrow Keys: Extend the selection of text or objects in the direction of the arrow keys.
2. Ctrl + Shift + C: Copy formatting from the selected text or object.
3. Ctrl + Shift + D: Duplicate the selected slide.
4. Ctrl + Shift + F: Align the selected objects to the slide horizontally.
5. Ctrl + Shift + G: Group the selected objects.
6. Ctrl + Shift + H: Hide the selected slide.
7. Ctrl + Shift + K: Insert a hyperlink.
8. Ctrl + Shift + L: Align the selected objects to the slide vertically.
9. Ctrl + Shift + M: Insert a new slide based on the slide layout of the currently selected slide.
10. Ctrl + Shift + N: Create a new, blank slide.
11. Ctrl + Shift + O: Display the "Slide Show" view from the current slide.
12. Ctrl + Shift + P: Open the "Font" dialog box to change the font settings of the selected text.
13. Ctrl + Shift + P: Play the recorded macro.
14. Ctrl + Shift + R: Start recording a new macro.
15. Ctrl + Shift + S: Open the "Format Shape" task pane to format the selected shape.
16. Ctrl + Shift + T: Insert a text box on the current slide.
17. Ctrl + Shift + U: Ungroup the selected objects.
18. Ctrl + Shift + V: Paste the copied formatting to the selected text or object.
19. Ctrl + Shift + W: Align the selected objects to the slide both horizontally and vertically.
20. Ctrl + Shift + Z: Switch between zoom levels while in "Reading View.
Function keys
1. F1: Open PowerPoint Help.
2. F2: Edit the selected text or object.
3. F3: Open the "Insert" dialog box to insert a new slide or object.
4. F4: Repeat the last action performed (similar to Ctrl + Y).
5. F5: Start a slide show from the beginning.
6. F6: Cycle through the elements of the active slide (such as placeholders and objects).
7. F7: Check spelling and grammar in the active slide or presentation.
8. F8: Activate the "Extend Mode" to select objects individually (use arrow keys to expand the selection).
9. F9: Update selected charts or data in the active presentation.
10. F10: Activate the menu bar. Press it again to access the Ribbon.
11. F11: Create a new chart based on the selected data.
12. F12: Open the "Save As" dialog box to save the presentation with a new name.
1. Alt + F1: Create a new chart based on the selected data.
2. Alt + F2: Save the presentation.
3. Alt + F3: Open the "Insert Chart" dialog box.
4. Alt + F4: Close the active presentation.
5. Alt + F5: Start the slide show from the current slide.
6. Alt + F6: Move to the next pane or frame in the PowerPoint window.
7. Alt + F7: Check spelling and grammar in the active slide or presentation.
8. Alt + F8: Display the "Macro" dialog box to create or run a macro.
9. Alt + F9: Open the "Visual Basic for Applications" (VBA) editor.
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
10. Alt + F10: Activate the menu bar or Ribbon.
11. Alt + F11: Open the "Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications" editor.
12. Alt + F12: Open the "Save As" dialog box to save the presentation with a new name
Past Papers Questions

1. What is the default slide size in Microsoft PowerPoint?

a) 4:3
b) 16:9
c) 8.5x11 inches
d) A4
2. Which tab contains options for adding animations and transitions in PowerPoint?
a) Design
b) Home
c) Insert
d) Animations
3. Which view is used to rearrange and organize slides in PowerPoint?
a) Slide Sorter
b) Reading View
c) Outline View
d) Normal View
4. Which option is used to align selected objects to the center of the slide?
a) Align Left
b) Align Right
c) Align Center
d) Align Middle
5. What is the term for predefined combinations of colors, fonts, and effects that can be applied to a
PowerPoint presentation?
a) Layouts
b) Templates
c) Schemes
d) Designs
6. Which feature is used to repeat a set of actions automatically in PowerPoint?
a) Transitions
b) Animation
c) Rehearse Timings
d) Macros
7. Which slide layout is typically used for displaying the title of the presentation?
a) Title Slide
b) Two Content
c) Blank
d) Comparison
8. What is the shortcut key to duplicate a selected slide in PowerPoint?
a) Ctrl + C
b) Ctrl + X
c) Ctrl + D
d) Ctrl + V
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

9. In PowerPoint, what is the purpose of the "Slide Master"?

a) To create speaker notes
b) To design the overall look of the presentation
c) To apply animations to slides
d) To record a narration
10. Which animation effect makes an object appear to drop onto a slide?
a) Fly In
b) Fade
c) Bounce
d) Wipe
11. How can you hide a slide from a PowerPoint presentation without deleting it?
a) Change its background color
b) Apply a transition effect
c) Set the slide transition speed to "Fast"
d) Move it to the end of the presentation
12. Which view is used to add and edit speaker notes for each slide?
a) Normal View
b) Reading View
c) Slide Sorter
d) Notes Page View
13. What is the term for a predefined arrangement of placeholders for text and other content on a
slide?
a) Layout
b) Template
c) Theme
d) Transition
14. Which option allows you to change the order of animations on a slide?
a) Animation Pane
b) Slide Sorter View
c) Custom Animation
d) Animation Sequence
15. Which of the following is not a valid slide transition effect in PowerPoint?
a) Spin
b) Zoom
c) Dissolve
d) Flip
16. Which tab contains options for setting up the slide show, such as slide transitions and timings?
a) Home
b) Design
c) View
d) Slide Show
17. How can you advance to the next slide during a slide show in PowerPoint?
a) Press the Enter key
b) Press the Spacebar
c) Click the mouse button
d) All of the above
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

18. Which of the following is a valid file format for saving a PowerPoint presentation?
a) .pptx
b) .docx
c) .xlsx
d) .pdf
19. Which feature allows you to view multiple slides at once on your computer screen?
a) Slide Show
b) Presenter View
c) Slide Sorter View
d) Reading View
20. What is the purpose of the "Embed Fonts" option when saving a PowerPoint presentation?
a) To include font files within the presentation file
b) To compress images
c) To apply animations to text
d) To convert text to shapes
100 Most Important Abbreviations
1. ACM - Association for Computing Machinery
2. AES - Advanced Encryption Standard
3. ALU - Arithmetic Logic Unit
4. API - Application Programming Interface
5. AR - Augmented Reality
6. ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange
7. ASP - Active Server Pages
8. BIOS - Basic Input/Output System
9. CDN - Content Delivery Network
10. CGI - Common Gateway Interface
11. CLI - Command Line Interface
12. CMS - Content Management System
13. CPU - Central Processing Unit
14. CSS - Cascading Style Sheets
15. CSRF - Cross-Site Request Forgery
16. CSV - Comma-Separated Values
17. DHCP - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
18. DNS - Domain Name System
19. DOM - Document Object Model
20. DOS - Disk Operating System
21. DSL - Digital Subscriber Line
22. DVD - Digital Versatile Disc
23. EEPROM - Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
24. FAT - File Allocation Table
25. FTP - File Transfer Protocol
26. GHz - Gigahertz
27. GIF - Graphics Interchange Format
28. GPS - Global Positioning System
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

29. GPU - Graphics Processing Unit

30. GUI - Graphical User Interface
31. HD - High Definition
32. HDMI - High-Definition Multimedia Interface
33. HDD - Hard Disk Drive
34. HDTV - High-Definition Television
35. HTML - HyperText Markup Language
36. HTTP - Hypertext Transfer Protocol
37. HTTPS - Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure
38. ICMP - Internet Control Message Protocol
39. IDE - Integrated Development Environment
40. IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
41. IIS - Internet Information Services
42. IMAP - Internet Message Access Protocol
43. IP - Internet Protocol
44. IoT - Internet of Things
45. IP - Internet Protocol
46. IPv4 - Internet Protocol version 4
47. IPv6 - Internet Protocol version 6
48. IRC - Internet Relay Chat
49. ISP - Internet Service Provider
50. IT - Information Technology
51. JPEG - Joint Photographic Experts Group
52. JSON - JavaScript Object Notation
53. JVM - Java Virtual Machine
54. LAN - Local Area Network
55. LCD - Liquid Crystal Display
56. LED - Light Emitting Diode
57. MAC - Media Access Control
58. Mbps - Megabits Per Second
59. MIME - Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
60. ML - Machine Learning
61. MVC - Model-View-Controller
62. NAT - Network Address Translation
63. OCR - Optical Character Recognition
64. OS - Operating System
65. PAN - Personal Area Network
66. PC - Personal Computer
67. PDF - Portable Document Format
68. PHP - Hypertext Preprocessor
69. PNG - Portable Network Graphics
70. POP - Post Office Protocol
71. RAM - Random Access Memory
72. RFID - Radio Frequency Identification
73. RGB - Red, Green, Blue
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

74. ROM - Read-Only Memory

75. RSS - Really Simple Syndication
76. SATA - Serial ATA
77. SDK - Software Development Kit
78. SEO - Search Engine Optimization
79. SIM - Subscriber Identity Module
80. SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
81. SNMP - Simple Network Management Protocol
82. SQL - Structured Query Language
83. SaaS - Software as a Service
84. SSL - Secure Socket Layer
85. SSD - Solid State Drive
86. TCP - Transmission Control Protocol
87. TLS - Transport Layer Security
88. UDP - User Datagram Protocol
89. UI - User Interface
90. URL - Uniform Resource Locator
91. USB - Universal Serial Bus
92. UTF-8 - Unicode Transformation Format - 8-bit
93. VR - Virtual Reality
94. VRAM - Video Random Access Memory
95. WAN - Wide Area Network
96. Wi-Fi - Wireless Fidelity
97. WLAN - Wireless Local Area Network
98. WPA - Wi-Fi Protected Access
99. XML - Extensible Markup Language
100. XSS - Cross-Site Scripting

Media
 Print Media
 Electronics media
 Social media

Social Media
1. Facebook
 Founder: Mark Zuckerberg
 Description: A platform for connecting with friends, sharing updates, photos, and videos, and engaging with
various content.
 Year Launched: 2004
 Headquarters: Menlo Park, California, USA
2. Twitter
 Founders: Jack Dorsey, Biz Stone, Evan Williams
 Description: A microblogging platform where users share short messages (tweets) with a global audience.
 Year Launched: 2006
 Headquarters: San Francisco, California, USA
3. Instagram
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
 Founders: Kevin Systrom, Mike Krieger
 Description: A photo and video-sharing platform for users to post visual content and connect with others.
 Year Launched: 2010
 Headquarters: Menlo Park, California, USA
4. LinkedIn
 Founder: Reid Hoffman
 Description: A professional networking platform used for job searches, career networking, and industry
connections.
 Year Launched: 2002
 Headquarters: Sunnyvale, California, USA
5. Snapchat
 Founders: Evan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy
 Description: A multimedia messaging app known for its disappearing messages, filters, and multimedia content.
 Year Launched: 2011
 Headquarters: Santa Monica, California, USA
6. TikTok
 Founder: Zhang Yiming (ByteDance)
 Description: A short-form video platform for creating and sharing creative, entertaining videos.
 Year Launched: 2016
 Headquarters: Beijing, China
7. WhatsApp
 Founders: Brian Acton, Jan Koum
 Description: A messaging app allowing users to send texts, make voice and video calls, and share media.
 Year Launched: 2009
 Headquarters: Menlo Park, California, USA
8. YouTube
 Founders: Steve Chen, Chad Hurley, Jawed Karim
 Description: A video-sharing platform where users can upload, view, and interact with a wide variety of videos.
 Year Launched: 2005
 Headquarters: San Bruno, California, USA
9. Pinterest
 Founders: Ben Silbermann, Evan Sharp, Paul Sciarra
 Description: A visual discovery and bookmarking platform for finding and organizing ideas and inspirations.
 Year Launched: 2010
 Headquarters: San Francisco, California, USA
10. Reddit
 Founders: Steve Huffman, Alexis Ohanian
 Description: A social news aggregation, web content rating, and discussion platform with various user-created
communities.
 Year Launched: 2005
 Headquarters: San Francisco, California, USA
11. WeChat
 Founder: Allen Zhang (Tencent)
 Description: A multipurpose messaging, social media, and mobile payment app widely used in China.
 Year Launched: 2011
 Headquarters: Shenzhen, China
12. Telegram
 Founder: Pavel Durov
 Description: A cloud-based instant messaging app focusing on speed and security, allowing for encrypted
communication.
 Year Launched: 2013
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
 Headquarters: Dubai, UAE
13. Clubhouse
 Founders: Paul Davison, Rohan Seth
 Description: An audio-based social networking app where users participate in voice conversations.
 Year Launched: 2020
 Headquarters: San Francisco, California, USA
14. Discord
 Founders: Jason Citron, Stanislav Vishnevsky
 Description: A platform for creating communities and communicating through voice, video, and text.
 Year Launched: 2015
 Headquarters: San Francisco, California, USA
15. Viber
 Founder: Talmon Marco
 Description: A messaging and calling app with a focus on high-quality voice and video calls.
 Year Launched: 2010
 Headquarters: Luxembourg

Past Papers Question

1. Question: Who is the founder of Facebook?
a) Steve Jobs
b) Mark Zuckerberg
c) Jack Dorsey
d) Jeff Bezos
Answer: b) Mark Zuckerberg
2. Question: Which social media platform is known for its 280-character limit on posts?
a) Instagram
b) Snapchat
c) Facebook
d) Twitter
Answer: d) Twitter
3. Question: Instagram was acquired by which company?
a) Google
b) Microsoft
c) Facebook
d) Amazon
Answer: c) Facebook
4. Question: Which social media app is known for its short video content and was developed by a company called
ByteDance?
a) Snapchat
b) TikTok
c) Instagram
d) LinkedIn
Answer: b) TikTok
5. Question: Which social media platform is designed for professional networking and connecting with colleagues
and industry professionals?
a) Pinterest
b) Facebook
c) LinkedIn
d) Snapchat
Answer: c) LinkedIn
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

Newspapers of Pakistan
1. Jang:
First Editor: Mir Khalil-ur-Rahman
Current Editor: Mir Shakil-ur-Rahman
History: Jang is one of the oldest and most widely circulated Urdu-language newspapers in Pakistan. It was
founded in 1940 by Mir Khalil-ur-Rahman and has since grown into a prominent media group, including various
publications and electronic media channels.
2. Express:
First Editor: Ayaz Amir
Current Editor: Shoaib Adil
History: The Express Tribune is an English-language newspaper associated with the Daily Express, a prominent
Urdu-language newspaper. The Express Tribune was launched in 2010, and its editorial policies have been widely
praised for being independent and liberal.
3. Nawa-i-Waqt:
First Editor: Hameed Nizami
Current Editor: Rameeza Majid Nizami
History: Nawa-i-Waqt is a widely read Urdu-language newspaper in Pakistan, founded by Hameed Nizami in
1940. It has been known for its conservative stance and has played a significant role in shaping public opinion.
4. Ausaf:
- First Editor: Mehtab Khan
- Current Editor: Khawaja Abdul Sattar
- History: Ausaf is an Urdu-language newspaper that was established in 1997. It is known for its conservative and
religious perspective.
5. Dunya News:
- First Editor: Mian Aamir Mehmood
- Current Editor: Mian Aamir Mehmood
- History: Dunya News is a popular Urdu-language news channel in Pakistan. It was launched in 2008 and is part
of the Dunya Media Group, which also includes the Daily Dunya newspaper.
6. Daily Times:
- First Editor: Najam Sethi
- Current Editor: Raza Rumi
- History: Daily Times is an English-language newspaper in Pakistan. It was founded by Najam Sethi in 2002 and
has been known for its independent and progressive editorial policies.
7. Zameendar:
- First Editor: Maulana Zafar Ali Khan
- Current Editor: (The newspaper is no longer in publication)
- History: Zameendar was a prominent Urdu-language newspaper that was published during the pre-partition era
in British India. It was founded by Maulana Zafar Ali Khan in 1903 and played a significant role in advocating for
the rights of Muslims.
8. Comrade:
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬

- First Editor: Muhammad Ali Johar

- Current Editor: (The newspaper is no longer in publication)
- History: Comrade was an English-language weekly newspaper co-founded by Muhammad Ali Johar in 1911.
Later, it changed its name to "Hamdard" and played a crucial role in the Khilafat Movement and the Pakistan
Movement.
9. Kohistan:
- First Editor: Maulana Mohammad Hussain Azad
- Current Editor: (The newspaper is no longer in publication)
- History: Kohistan was a prominent Urdu-language newspaper that was published during the pre-partition era. It
was based in Lahore, Punjab, and was founded by Maulana Mohammad Hussain Azad in 1886. The newspaper
played an important role in promoting the cause of the Khilafat Movement and the Pakistan Movement.
10. Daily Pakistan:
- First Editor: Mujeeb-ur-Rehman Shami
- Current Editor: Mujeeb-ur-Rehman Shami
- History: Daily Pakistan is a widely circulated Urdu-language newspaper in Pakistan. It was founded in 1990 by
Mujeeb-ur-Rehman Shami and has been known for its editorial independence and coverage of current affairs.
11.Dawn:
- First Editor: Altaf Husain
- Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah was not the first editor of Dawn, but he had a close association with the
newspaper.
- Muhammad Ali Jinnah played a significant role in the establishment of Dawn. He supported the idea of creating
an independent English-language newspaper that could present the Muslim viewpoint in British India during the
pre-independence era.
- Dawn was founded by Quaid-e-Azam Jinnah's close friend, Jinnah's close friend, and confidant, Altaf Husain, and
it was first published on October 12, 1942.
- While not an editor, Jinnah highly valued the role of Dawn in promoting his vision and the Muslim League's
objectives, especially in advocating for the rights of Muslims and supporting the demand for a separate homeland
for Muslims, which ultimately led to the creation of Pakistan in 1947.

Electronic media
Electronic media in Pakistan encompasses various platforms like television, radio, and the internet. It plays a
significant role in disseminating information, shaping public opinion, and promoting cultural values.
Regulatory Authority:
- The regulatory authority for electronic media in Pakistan is the Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority
(PEMRA).
- PEMRA is an independent body established in 2002, responsible for regulating and overseeing the electronic
media industry, ensuring adherence to codes of conduct, and safeguarding the public interest.
First Private TV Channel:
- The first private TV channel in Pakistan was "NTM" (Network Television Marketing), which later changed its
name to "Shalimar Television Network" (STN).
- It was launched in 1990, making it the first private TV channel in the country.
- STN/NTM marked a significant milestone in Pakistan's media industry by introducing private ownership and
competition in the broadcast sector.
- STN was later rebranded as "Prime Television" before eventually ceasing its operations.
PTV (Pakistan Television Corporation):
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
Govt. Jobs Test Preparation with Sufian Goraya
For online Regular session: Join us on YouTube by searching “sufian Goraya” Or whatsapp 0343 66 33 103
!‫ےبکشروزاگراکامکلاہللےہ۔وہرپورداگرامتمافسروشںاورروشوتںےسدنلبےہ۔ذہلامہرزقالحلےکوصحلےکےیلرصفاہللرپ نیقر ےتھئوےئآپیکتنحمےساجباحلصرکےنںیمرواحیناورداینوی(یمیلعت) دمدرکںیےگ۔اہللامہریاورآپیکدمدرفامےئ۔آنیم‬
- Pakistan Television Corporation (PTV) is the national TV channel of Pakistan, established on November 26,
1964.
- PTV has played a vital role in promoting Pakistani culture, language, and traditions through its various channels.
- PTV offers a diverse range of programs, including news, dramas, talk shows, and educational content.
- It has been a source of national pride and unity, broadcasting major events like national celebrations, sports, and
historical milestones.
- PTV continues to be a prominent state-owned channel, with a significant audience reach across the country.