Surname

Centre
No.

Initial(s)

Paper Reference
Signature

Candidate
No.
Paper Reference(s)

4325/03

4437/07

London Examinations IGCSE

Examiners use only

Team Leaders use only

Biology 4325
Paper 3

Science (Double Award) 4437

Paper 7

Foundation and Higher Tiers

Monday 22 November 2010 Morning
Time: 1 hour 15 minutes
Materials required for examination
Nil

Question Leave
Number Blank

1
2
3
4
5

Items included with question papers

Nil

Instructions to Candidates
In the boxes above, write your centre number, candidate number, your surname, initial(s), the paper
reference and your signature.
The paper references are shown above. Write the one for which you have been entered. Check that
you have the correct question paper.
Answer ALL the questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper.
Do not use pencil. Use blue or black ink.
Show all stages in any calculations and state the units. Calculators may be used.

Information for Candidates

The marks for individual questions and the parts of questions are shown in round brackets: e.g. (2).
There are 5 questions in this question paper. The total mark for this paper is 50.
There are 16 pages in this question paper. Any blank pages are indicated.

Advice to Candidates
Write your answers neatly and in good English.

Total
This publication may be reproduced only in accordance with
Edexcel Limited copyright policy.
2010 Edexcel Limited.
Printers Log. No.

N37754A
W850/U4335/57570 6/8/7/3/

Turn over

*N37754A0116*

BLANK PAGE

*N37754A0216*

Leave
blank

Answer ALL the questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
1.

Fernando wanted to find out how wind affected transpiration (water loss) from a leafy
shoot. To do this Fernando had to set up a potometer.
The apparatus he used to set up his potometer is shown below.

(a) Complete the table below to identify the letter that labels each piece of apparatus. The
first one has been done for you.
Name of apparatus
Rubber tube

Letter of apparatus
F

Elastic band
Glass tube
Knife
Beaker
Ruler
(5)

*N37754A0316*

Turn over

Leave
blank

(b) Fernando used the apparatus to make his potometer. He filled the rubber tube, the
beaker and the glass tube with water. The stem of a plant was attached to the rubber
tube. One end of the glass tube was attached to the rubber tube and the other end was
put into the water in the beaker. He then put an air bubble in the water inside the glass
tube.
Fernando wanted to estimate transpiration by measuring how far the bubble moved in
an hour. To help him to do this he used the elastic band to attach the ruler to the glass
tube.
Fernando made a drawing of his potometer as shown below. The drawing is not
finished.
(i) Complete the drawing.

plant

rubber tube

glass tube

(3)
4

*N37754A0416*

Leave
blank

(ii) Fernando wanted to create a stream of moving air (wind) around the plant.
Suggest how he could do this.
................................................................................................................................
(1)
(c) Fernando estimated transpiration by measuring the movement of the bubble in still air
and in moving air (wind). The table shows the results he obtained.
Movement of bubble in cm per hour
In still air

In moving air

12

Describe the effect that moving air had on the rate of transpiration.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(2)

Q1

(Total 11 marks)

*N37754A0516*

Turn over

2.

Nicola investigated the digestion of lactose, a sugar found in milk.

The diagram shows the apparatus she used.
milk
containing
lactose

beads

clamp

milk containing
glucose

beaker

The beads contained an enzyme called lactase. This enzyme digests lactose into two
sugars called glucose and galactose.
The outer coat of the beads allows milk to enter and sugars to leave. The outer coat also
prevents the enzyme from leaving.
An experiment was carried out in which milk was allowed to flow through the apparatus
at different speeds. The speed of flow was changed using the clamp on the exit tube.
The milk collected in the beaker was tested for the concentration of glucose it contained
at each flow speed. The table shows the results.

Speed of milk flow through

apparatus
in cm3 per minute

Glucose concentration in
beaker milk
in mmol per litre

156

132

10

100

18

55

32

25

*N37754A0616*

Leave
blank

(a) (i) Use the information in the table to plot a line graph on the grid below.
Join the points with straight lines.

(5)
(ii) Describe the relationship between the speed of flow and the concentration of
glucose.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(1)
(iii) Suggest an explanation for the relationship between the speed of flow and the
concentration of glucose.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(2)

*N37754A0716*

Turn over

Leave
blank

(b) The investigation was carried out at 20 C.

(i) Name two variables, apart from temperature, that needed to be kept the same
during the investigation.
1 .............................................................................................................................
2 .............................................................................................................................
(2)
(ii) Suggest how the results would be different if the investigation had been carried
out at 25 C. Explain your answer.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(2)
(c) How would the concentration of glucose in the beaker be different if the beads used
were bigger in size?
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(d) Give one way in which the results in this investigation could be made more reliable.
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 14 marks)

*N37754A0816*

Q2

BLANK PAGE

Turn over for Question 3

*N37754A0916*

Turn over

Leave
blank

3.

The diagrams show a male and a female fruit fly.

Male

Female

John carried out a breeding investigation using these fruit flies. He placed a male and
a female fly in a tube containing some food (a food tube) and allowed them to breed.
The food tube he used is shown in the diagram.
sponge
bung

flies

food

(a) The flies produced 60 offspring as shown on the next page.

Count the number of male and female offspring and use a tally system to write your
answers in the table below.
Sex of fly

Tally count

Number counted

Male
Female
(4)

10

*N37754A01016*

*N37754A01116*

11

Turn over

Leave
blank

(b) John had expected to get 30 males and 30 females.

(i) Draw a genetic diagram to show why he expected to get equal numbers of males
and females. Use your knowledge of how sex is inherited in humans to help
you.

(3)
(ii) Suggest why the numbers of male and female flies obtained were not equal.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(1)
(c) John repeated the breeding investigation four more times using different food tubes
and different males and females.
The results are in the table.
Food tube

Number of male offspring

Number of female offspring

32

28

29

33

10

36

32

Total
(i) Complete the table by writing in the total number of male and female flies
obtained in the four food tubes.
(1)

12

*N37754A01216*

Leave
blank

(ii) Which food tube produced an anomalous (unexpected) result?

................................................................................................................................
(1)
(iii) Suggest one reason why this food tube produced an anomalous result.
................................................................................................................................
(1)

Q3

(Total 11 marks)

*N37754A01316*

13

Turn over

Leave
blank

4.

The energy released by cell respiration is trapped in a molecule called ATP.

Verity wanted to find out how a solution of ATP affected the contraction (shortening) of
muscle tissue.
She placed a long strip of muscle tissue on a glass microscope slide.
She then added a solution of ATP.
The diagram shows the result of Veritys experiment.
before adding ATP

glass slide

muscle tissue

after adding ATP

She used the formula below to calculate the percentage change in length that had taken
place.
length of muscle tissue before ATP add
ded
length of muscle tissue after ATP added
100
% change in length =
length of muscle tissue before ATP added
(a) Use the diagram and the formula to calculate the percentage change in length.
Show your working.

Answer .......................................... %
(2)

14

*N37754A01416*

Leave
blank

(b) Michael was another student in the same class as Verity.

Michael did the same experiment five times with an ATP solution and five times with
pure water.
He wrote his answers in his notebook as shown below.

15%

with ATP

17.6%
16.6%
15.2%
16.4%

without ATP
3.2%
2.5%
0.8%
4.2%
3.6%

(i) Put Michaels results into a suitable table.

(4)
(ii) Explain why Michaels investigation was better than Veritys.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(2)

Q4

(Total 8 marks)

*N37754A01516*

15

Turn over

Leave
blank

5.

Rivers are sometimes polluted by warm water from power station outflows.
This is known as thermal pollution and can affect the growth of plants.
Design an experiment to investigate the effect of water temperature on the growth of
plants.
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
Q5
(Total 6 marks)
TOTAL FOR PAPER: 50 MARKS
END

16

*N37754A01616*