Introduction to Civil Engg. By: Dr. Nandan.N.

Shenoy

MODULE 2

Societal and Global Impact of Infrastructure

Infrastructure:

Sustainable development goals (SDGs):

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) or Global Goals are a collection of seventeen
interlinked objectives designed to serve as a "shared blueprint for peace and prosperity
for people and the planet, now and into the future”.

SDGs address the most pressing global challenges of our time, calling upon collaborative
partnerships across and between countries to balance the three dimensions of
sustainable development – economic growth, environmental sustainability, and social
inclusion.

The 17 Sustainable Development Goals with their target are as follows

Goal 1: No poverty - End poverty in all its forms everywhere.

Goal 2: Zero hunger (No hunger) - End hunger, achieve food security and improved
nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture. Sufficient and healthy foods should be
made available to everyone.

Goal 3: Good health and well-being- Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all
at all ages.

Goal4: Quality education- Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and
promote lifelong learning opportunities for all.

Goal 5: Gender equality- Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls.

Goal 6: Clean water and sanitation- Ensure availability and sustainable management of
water and sanitation for all.

Goal 7: Affordable and clean energy- Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable
and modern energy for all.

Goal 8: Decent work and economic growth - Promote sustained, inclusive and
sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all.

Dept. of Civil Engg. PESITM, SMG 1

Introduction to Civil Engg. By: Dr. Nandan.N.Shenoy

Goal 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure - Build resilient infrastructure, promote

inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation.

Goal 10: Reduced inequality - Reduce income inequality within and among countries.

Goal 11: Sustainable cities and communities - Make cities and human settlements
inclusive, Safe, resilient and sustainable.

Goal 12: Responsible consumption and production- Ensure sustainable consumption

and production patterns.

Goal 13: Climate action- Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts
by regulating emissions and promoting developments in renewable energy.

Goal 14: Life below water- Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine
resources for sustainable development.

Goal 15: Life on land - Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial and
freshwater ecosystems, end deforestation and restore degraded forests, end
desertification and restore degraded land, protect biodiversity and natural habitats.

Goal 16 : Peace, justice and strong institutions - Promote peaceful and inclusive
societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build
effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels.

Goal 17: Partnership for the goals- Strengthen the means of implementation and
revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development.

Smart City Concept:

A smart city uses information and communication technology (ICT) to improve

operational efficiency, share information with the public and provide a better quality of
government service and citizen welfare.
The main goal of a smart city is to optimize city functions and promote economic
growth while also improving the quality of life for citizens by using smart technologies
and data analysis. The value lies in how this technology is used rather than simply how
much technology is available.
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Introduction to Civil Engg. By: Dr. Nandan.N.Shenoy
Smart cities use digital technology to improve public safety, energy efficiency,
sustainability, and overall quality of life.
Need for smart City:
54% of world’s population lives in cities and this is expected to rise to 66 % by 2050,
adding a further 2.5 billion people to the urban population over the next 3 decades.
With this expected population growth, there comes a need to manage environmental,
social and economic sustainability of resources.
How smart City works?
Smart cities follow four steps to improve the quality of life and enable economic growth
through a network of connected IOT devices and other technologies.
1. Collection: Smart sensor gathers real time data
2. Analysis: The data is analyzed to gain insights into the operation of city services.
3. Communication: The results of the data analysis are communicated to decision
makers.
4. Action: Action is taken to improve operations, manage assests and improve the
quality of city life for the residents.

Smart City Features:

The features of a smart city include:
• Smart Governance
• Smart Energy
• Smart Building
• Smart Mobility
• Smart Infrastructure
• Smart Technology
• Smart Healthcare
• Smart Citizen

Smart Governance:

Smart cities that have an active presence and plan for smart governance are those that
have improved public participation through the use of e-government tools and
initiatives. Improved communication with citizens has come through the use of mobile
smartphones and apps, as well as other digital services that allow for much more
streamlined communication. E-Education and disaster management solutions are also
part of smart governance, with citizens taking an active role in the governance of their
city.
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Introduction to Civil Engg. By: Dr. Nandan.N.Shenoy

Smart Energy:

Smart energy relates to the digital management of energy in cities and includes the use
of smart grids, smart meters, and intelligent energy storage. Typically, this means that
smart cities are no longer powered in conventional ways. Naturally, smart cities are
starting to embrace electric vehicles and the benefits they bring, and infrastructure is
put in place to help power the surge in demand for electric vehicles.

Smart Building:

As the name suggests, smart buildings are automated and intelligent buildings that also
include renewable energy integration. Smart buildings are designed to maximize
productivity and efficiency, utilizing new technologies to provide safe, secure, and most
importantly, connected environments for people working within the building.

Smart Mobility:

Smart mobility could also be called smart transportation and relates to the way people
travel around a smart city. Currently, smart transport solutions are being rolled out
around the world and these include ride-sharing and car sharing, along with more
traditional methods of travel like buses, trains, trams, and bikes. Smart mobility will
also include integrated travel bookings and payments, using digital money and
technology that connects the travel infrastructure to citizens.

Smart Infrastructure:
Smart infrastructure allows for the digital management of a city’s infrastructure. This is
often done through the use of IoT sensors and includes key areas like digital water and
waste management. Smart buildings are an integral part of smart infrastructure. The
ecosystem of cities and urban areas is changing rapidly, and it is important that the
infrastructure of the city can grow and adapt at the same pace.
Smart Technology:
Smart cities use smart technology at scale to tackle the problems caused by growing
urbanization, with the goal of improving the overall quality of life for all citizens. Smart
technology can be deployed across nearly every sector in a city, from generating energy,
to utilizing the city waste to create a fertilizer to managing water resources more
sustainably.

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Introduction to Civil Engg. By: Dr. Nandan.N.Shenoy

Smart Healthcare:

One of the biggest sectors to embrace smart technology is the healthcare sector. IoT in
healthcare has helped to create an ecosystem where patients can be tracked and
monitored remotely, reducing the strain on hospitals and other medical providers by
limiting the amount of time people spend commuting to appointments and waiting to
see a medical professional.

Smart Citizens:

The final feature of smart city is the citizens themselves. Smart citizens make smart
cities, and they are essential to the overall success of a smart city. It makes no sense to
provide people with access to smart technology if they have no idea how to use it or
how it can benefit them.

Dept. of Civil Engg. PESITM, SMG 5