PHYSICS PROJECT
RMK PATASHALA
CLASS 12
𝖙𝖊𝖘𝖑𝖆 𝖈𝖔𝖎𝖑
Done by: G.Ajaylin patrick
S.NO CONTENT
1. CERTIFICATE
2.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
3. INTRODUCTION
4. WORKING PRINCIPLES
5. APPARATUS REQUIRED
6. PROCEDURE
7. APPLICATIONS
8. OBSERVATION
9. CONCLUSION
10. BIBILOGRAPHY
𝓣𝓔𝓢𝓛𝓐 𝓒𝓞𝓘𝓛
INTRODUCTION:
• Nikola Tesla invented the Tesla coil around
1891.
• It generates high-voltage, low-current, high-
frequency alternating-current electricity.
• The primary coil is connected to a power
source, creating an oscillating magnetic field.
• This field induces a high-voltage current in the
secondary coil.
• It produces powerful electrical discharges,
often in the form of spectacular sparks or
arcs.
• Tesla envisioned the coil for wirelessly
transmitting electrical power over long
distances.
• While not widely used for this purpose today,
the concept of wireless power transmission is
still explored.
• Tesla coils are employed for special effects in
movies, television shows, and live
performances.
• Their ability to generate dramatic
electrical discharges adds visual impact to
scenes requiring futuristic or
otherworldly elements.
WORKING PRINCIPLES:
• The Tesla coil operates on principles of
electromagnetism.
• An alternating current (AC) flows through
the primary coil, inducing a changing
magnetic field.
• This magnetic field triggers a high-voltage,
high-frequency AC in the secondary coil via
electromagnetic induction.
• The primary and secondary coils are finely
tuned to resonate at the same frequency,
enhancing energy transfer.
• Capacitors and spark gaps play crucial roles
in orchestrating energy transfer within the
Tesla coil.
• Through a carefully orchestrated interplay of
components, the Tesla coil harnesses energy.
• Awe-inspiring electrical discharges, in the
form of spectacular arcs or sparks, are
created.
• These discharges illuminate the
transformative power of electromagnetism.
CIRCUIT:
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
1.PVC PIPE
2.COPPER WIRE
3.TRANSISTOR 2N2222A
4.RESISTOR:
5.BATTERY
6.SWITCH
PROCEDURE:
• Begin by winding the copper wire around
the PVC pipe to form the primary coil.
• Wind the wire approximately 300 times,
ensuring even spacing between each turn,
and secure the wire ends with proper
insulation.
• For the secondary coil, take a longer length
of copper wire and unwind it from its spool.
This wire will serve as the secondary coil,
without the need for a separate PVC pipe.
• Next, prepare the transistor circuit by
connecting the base of the transistor to the
resistor and then connect one end of the
resistor to the positive terminal of the
battery.
• Connect the emitter of the transistor to the
negative terminal of the battery and the
collector to one end of the primary coil.
• Connect the other end of the primary coil to
the positive terminal of the battery and the
negative terminal to one end of the
secondary coil wire.
• Connect the other end of the secondary coil
wire to the collector of the transistor.
• Integrate a switch into the circuit by
connecting one terminal to the positive
battery terminal and the other to the base
of the transistor.
• Once the components are connected, test
the circuit by turning on the switch and
observing the electrical sparks or arcs
between the ends of the secondary coil wire.
• Make any necessary adjustments to the coil
spacing and component placement for
optimal performance.
• Throughout the process, prioritize safety by
handling the circuit with care, ensuring
proper insulation, and grounding to
minimize the risk of electric shock.
APPLICATIONS:
1.Entertainment: Tesla coils are employed in
the entertainment industry for creating special
effects in movies, TV shows, and live
performances. Their ability to produce
spectacular electrical discharges makes them a
popular choice for adding excitement and visual
appeal to various forms of entertainme
2.Wireless Power Transmission: While not widely
used today, Tesla coils were originally conceived
for wireless power transmission experiments.
Researchers continue to explore the potential of
Tesla coil technology for wireless energy transfer
applications.
OBSERVATION:
Voltage Amplification: Note the voltage
amplification achieved by the Tesla coil setup.
Measure the input voltage supplied to the primary
coil and compare it to the output voltage
observed across the secondary coil. Record any
significant differences in voltage levels.
Electrical Discharge: Observe the electrical
discharges produced by the Tesla coil. Note the
characteristics of the discharges, such as their
frequency, intensity, and color. Document any
variations in discharge behavior under different
operating conditions.
Transistor Performance: Evaluate the
performance of the 2N2222A transistor in the
Tesla coil circuit. Monitor its temperature, current
flow, and voltage across its terminals during
operation. Document any signs of overheating or
instability that may indicate limitations in the
transistor's capabilities
Resistor Functionality: Assess the role of
the 22K resistor in the Tesla coil circuit. Measure
the voltage drop across the resistor and calculate
the current flowing through it using Ohm's Law.
Record any observations regarding the resistor's
ability to limit current and protect other
components in the circuit.
PRECAUTIONS:
• Ensure all wires and connections are
properly insulated to prevent
accidental shocks and short circuits.
• Never touch the Tesla coil or any part
of the circuit while it is powered on,
as it can generate high-voltage
electricity.
• Wear protective gear, such as rubber
gloves and safety goggles, to
minimize the risk of electrical
injuries.
• Conduct the experiment in a well-
ventilated area, away from
flammable materials and liquids.
• Properly ground the Tesla coil to
prevent electrical shocks and ensure
the safe discharge of electricity.
• Perform the project under the
supervision of a knowledgeable
adult or instructor who can provide
guidance and handle emergencies.
• Keep a fire extinguisher and first aid
kit nearby in case of accidents, and
know the procedures for dealing
with electrical shocks and burns.
CONCLUSION:
In conclusion, the Tesla coil project
conducted using PVC pipe, copper wire, a 2N2222A
transistor, a 22K resistor, wire, a battery, and a switch
has provided valuable insights into the principles of
electromagnetism and high-voltage electronics.
Through careful construction and experimentation, we
observed the fascinating phenomena associated with
Tesla coils, including voltage amplification, electrical
discharges, and spark gap behavior.
The project demonstrated the effectiveness of using
readily available materials to construct a functional
Tesla coil setup suitable for educational purposes. By
winding copper wire around a PVC pipe to create
primary and secondary coils, and integrating
electronic components such as the transistor and
resistor into the circuit, we were able to generate
high-voltage electrical discharges and observe their
characteristic effects.
In summary, the Tesla coil project
served as an engaging and informative exploration of
electromagnetism and high-voltage phenomena. It
provided a hands-on opportunity to apply theoretical
concepts in a practical setting and fostered a deeper
understanding of the principles underlying Tesla coil
technology. Through further experimentation and
refinement, this project has the potential to inspire
continued exploration and innovation in the field of
electrical engineering.
RESULT:
The Tesla coil was successfully built, demonstrating
principles of electromagnetic induction and
resonance effectively.
BIBILOGRAPHY:
• WIKIPEDIA
• https://www.britannica.com/tech
nology/Tesla-coil
• https://www.elprocus.com/what-
is-tesla-coil-circuit-diagram-
working-its-applications/
• https://www.livescience.com/467
45-how-tesla-coil-works.html
