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    scintific nadeen 1

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    scintific nadeen 1

    Uploaded by

    nadeenkhaleed
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    2 views4 pages

    scintific nadeen 1

    Uploaded by

    nadeenkhaleed

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 4

    Name: Nadeen khaled

    Id: 200022314
    Collage: dentistry
    Dr. mohammed madian
    sir francis bacon
    Scientific reasoning
    is the process by which scientists use logic and evidence to make sense of the
    natural world. It involves the systematic observation, experimentation, and
    analysis of data in order to develop and test hypotheses, theories, and models.
    Scientific reasoning is at the core of the scientific method, which is a
    structured approach to investigating and understanding the world around us.
    Scientific reasoning is a systematic and logical process that allows scientists to
    investigate and understand the natural world. It is characterized by
    skepticism, critical thinking, and a commitment to evidence-based reasoning.
    By following the principles of scientific reasoning, scientists can uncover new
    knowledge, solve complex problems, and advance our understanding of the
    universe.

    Sir Francis Bacon


    Sir Francis Bacon (1561-1626) was an
    English philosopher, statesman, scientist, and
    author who is considered one of the founders
    of modern scientific reasoning. He is best
    known for his work in developing the
    scientific method and for his promotion of
    empirical observation and experimentation
    as the basis for scientific inquiry.

    Bacon was born in London to a prominent


    family and received a classical education at
    Trinity College, Cambridge. He entered
    politics at a young age and served as a
    member of Parliament and as an advisor to
    Queen Elizabeth I and King James I. In 1618,
    he was appointed Lord Chancellor, the
    highest legal office in England.
    Bacon's most important contribution to
    science was his development of the scientific
    method, which he outlined in his work
    "Novum Organum" (1620). In this work,
    Bacon argued that scientific knowledge
    should be based on empirical observation
    and experimentation, rather than on
    traditional authorities or philosophical
    speculation. He emphasized the importance
    of collecting data, making careful
    observations, and conducting controlled
    experiments in order to arrive at reliable
    conclusions.

    Bacon also believed that scientific knowledge should be used for the
    betterment of society and the advancement of human knowledge. He
    envisioned a future in which science and technology would be used to improve
    the human condition and to unlock the secrets of nature.

    Bacon's ideas had a profound influence


    on the development of modern science
    and the scientific revolution of the 17th
    century. His emphasis on empirical
    observation and experimentation laid
    the foundation for the scientific method
    as it is practiced today. Bacon's work
    also helped to popularize the idea that
    science should be pursued for the public
    good, rather than for the benefit of a
    select few.
    In addition to his contributions to science,
    Bacon was also a prolific writer and
    philosopher. He wrote essays on a wide
    range of topics, including politics, ethics,
    and religion. His works, such as "Essays"
    (1597) and "The Advancement of
    Learning" (1605), are still widely read
    and studied today.

    Sir Francis Bacon was a key figure in the


    development of modern scientific
    reasoning and the scientific method. His
    emphasis on empirical observation and
    experimentation helped to revolutionize
    the way that science is conducted, and his
    ideas continue to influence scientific
    inquiry to this day.

    Reference:

    Howson, Colin. Scientific reasoning: The Bayesian approach. 3rd ed. Chicago:
    Open Court, 2005.
    Frank, Fischer, Chinn Clark A., Engelmann Katharina, and Osborne
    Jonathan. Scientific Reasoning and Argumentation. Edited by Frank Fischer,
    Clark A. Chinn, Katharina Engelmann, and Jonathan Osborne. New York,
    NY : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203731826.

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