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C Strings Structures Notes

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5 views

C Strings Structures Notes

Uploaded by

Andy Debnath
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Key Notes on Strings and Structures in C

1. Introduction to Strings
A string is a one-dimensional array of characters terminated by a null character '\0'. Strings are used

to manipulate text such as words and sentences in C programming. Example:

char name[] = {'H', 'E', 'L', 'L', 'O', '\0'};

C automatically inserts the null character when initializing strings with double quotes, e.g., char

name[] = "HELLO";

2. Standard Library String Functions


- strlen(): Finds the length of a string.

- strcpy(): Copies one string into another.

- strcat(): Concatenates two strings.

- strcmp(): Compares two strings.

- strrev(): Reverses a string.

- strstr(): Finds the first occurrence of a substring.

Q1: Write a program to find the length of a string using strlen().

Answer:

```

#include <stdio.h>

#include <string.h>

int main() {

char str[] = "Hello World";

printf("Length: %d", strlen(str));

return 0;

```

3. Pointers and Strings


Pointers can be used to manipulate strings more efficiently. You can store the base address of a

string in a pointer and use it to access or modify the string.

Q2: Demonstrate string manipulation using pointers.

Answer:

```

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

char str[] = "Hello";

char *ptr = str;

while(*ptr != '\0') {

printf("%c ", *ptr);

ptr++;

return 0;

```

4. Structures in C
Structures allow grouping of variables of different types under a single name. Useful in database

management and handling complex data. Structure elements are accessed using the dot (.)

operator.

Q3: Write a structure to store and display information about a book.

Answer:

```

#include <stdio.h>

struct Book {
char title[50];

char author[50];

float price;

};

int main() {

struct Book b1 = {"C Programming", "Author Name", 250.00};

printf("Title: %s\nAuthor: %s\nPrice: %.2f", b1.title, b1.author, b1.price);

return 0;

```

5. Conclusion
Understanding strings and structures in C is crucial for handling complex data and performing

various operations efficiently. Make sure to practice writing and manipulating strings and structures

to master these concepts.

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