Problem Solving using Python Programming

(24CSE0101)

Practical File
Of
Problem Solving using
Python Programming
24CSE0101
Submitted

in partial fulfillment for the award of the

degree of

BACHELEOR OF ENGINEERING
in

COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

CHITKARA UNIVERSITY

CHANDIGARH-PATIALA NATIONAL HIGHWAY

RAJPURA (PATIALA) PUNJAB-140401 (INDIA)

December, 2024

Submitted To: Submitted By:

Dr. Sanjoy Kumar Debnath Vaibhav Jain
Associate Professor 2410991751
Chitkara University, Punjab 1st Sem, 2024

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming (24CSE0101)

List of Practicals
Sr. Practical Name Page Teacher
No Number Signature
1. a) Write a Python Program to Calculate the Area of a 5-7
Triangle
b) Write a Python Program to Swap Two Variables
c) Write a Python Program to Convert Celsius to Fahrenheit
2. a.) Write a Python Program to Check if a Number is Odd or 8-10
Even
b.) Write a Python Program to Check if a Number is
Positive,
Negative or 0
c.) Write a Python Program to Check Armstrong Number
3. a.) Write a Python program to check if a given number is 11-13
Fibonacci number?
b.) Write a Python program to print cube sum of first n
natural numbers.
c.) Write a Python program to print all odd numbers in a
range.
4. a.) Write a Python Program to Print Pascal Triangle 14-16
Hint: Enter number of rows: 4
1
1 1
1 2 1
1 3 3 1
b.) WAP to Draw the following Pattern for n number:
11111
2222
333
44
5
5. Write a program with a function that accepts a string from 16
keyboard and create a new string after converting
character of each word capitalized. For instance, if the
sentence is “stop and smell the roses” the output should
be
“Stop And Smell The Roses”
6. a.) Write a program that accepts a list from user. Your 17-18
program should reverse the content of list and display it.
Do not use reverse () method.
b) Find and display the largest number of a list without
using built-in function
max (). Your program should ask the user to input values in
list from keyboard.
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 Problem Solving using Python Programming
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7. Find the sum of each row of matrix of size m x n. For 19
example, for the following matrix output will be like this:

Sum of row 1 = 32
Sum of row 2 = 31
Sum of row 3 = 63
8. a) Write a program that reads a string from keyboard and 20-22
display:
* The number of uppercase letters in the string.
* The number of lowercase letters in the string.
* The number of digits in the string.
* The number of whitespace characters in the string.
b) Python Program to Find Common Characters in Two
Strings.
c) Python Program to Count the Number of Vowels in a
String.

9. a) Write a Python program to check if a specified element 23-24

presents in a tuple of
tuples.
Original list:
((‘Red’ ,’White’ , ‘Blue’),(‘Green’, ’Pink’ , ‘Purple’), (‘Orange’,
‘Yellow’, ‘Lime’))
Check if White present in said tuple of tuples!
True
Check if Olive present in said tuple of tuples!
False
b) Write a Python program to remove an empty tuple(s)
from a list of tuples.
Sample data: [(), (), ('',), ('a', 'b'), ('a', 'b', 'c'), ('d')]
Expected output: [('',), ('a', 'b'), ('a', 'b', 'c'), 'd']
10. a) Write a Program in Python to Find the Differences 25
Between Two Lists Using Sets.
11. a) Write a Python program Remove duplicate values 26-27
across Dictionary Values.
Input : test_dict = {‘Manjeet’: [1], ‘Akash’: [1, 8, 9]}
Output : {‘Manjeet’: [], ‘Akash’: [8, 9]}
Input : test_dict = {‘Manjeet’: [1, 1, 1], ‘Akash’: [1,
1, 1]}
Output : {‘Manjeet’: [], ‘Akash’: []}

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming
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b) Write a Python program to Count the frequencies in a
list using dictionary in Python.
Input : [1, 1, 1, 5, 5, 3, 1, 3, 3, 1,4, 4, 4, 2, 2, 2, 2]
Output :
1:5
2:4
3:3
4:3
5:2
Explanation : Here 1 occurs 5 times, 2 occurs 4
times and so on...
12. a) Write a Python Program to Capitalize First Letter 28-29
of Each Word in a File.

b.) Write a Python Program to Print the Contents of File

in Reverse Order.
13. WAP 30
to catch an exception and handle it using try and except cod
e blocks.
14. Write a Python Program to Append, Delete and Display 31
Elements of a List using Classes.
15. Write a Python Program to Find the Area and Perimeter of 32
the Circle using Class.
16. Create an interactive application using Python's Tkinter 33-34
library for graphics programming.

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming
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Program 1: a) Write a Python Program to Calculate the

Area of a Triangle
Aim: The aim of this project is to write a Python program that calculates the area of a
triangle using user-provided values for the base and height. This program will
demonstrate basic input handling, mathematical calculations, and output formatting in
Python.
# Program to calculate the area of a triangle
def area_of_triangle(base, height):
return (base * height) / 2

# Example usage
base = 10
height = 5
result = area_of_triangle(base, height)
print("Area of the triangle:", result)

Output 1: a)

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming
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Program 1. b) Write a Python Program to Swap Two Variables

Aim: This program will demonstrate how to use basic assignment operations
to exchange values efficiently, enhancing understanding of variable
manipulation and data handling

# Program to swap two variables

def swap_variables(a, b):
return b, a

# Example usage
x = 15
y = 20
x, y = swap_variables(x, y)
print("Swapped variables:", x, y)

Output 1: b)

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming
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Program 1. c) Write a Python Program to Convert

Celsius to Fahrenheit
Aim: This program will help users understand temperature conversion and
provide practical experience with input handling, mathematical computations,
and formatted output in Python.

# Program to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit

def celsius_to_fahrenheit(celsius):
return (celsius * 9/5) + 32

#Example usage
temp_celsius=37
temp_fahrenheit=celsius_to_fahrenheit(temp_
celsius)
print("Temperature in Fahrenheit:",
temp_fahrenheit)

Output 1: c)

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming
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Program 2: a)Write a Python Program to check if a

number is odd or even
Aim: The aim of this project is to write a Python program that
checks whether a given number is odd or even. This program will
help users understand how to use conditional statements and the
modulus operator in Python
#Python Program to check if a number is odd or even

def check_odd_even(number):
return "Even" if number % 2 == 0 else "Odd"
# Example usage
num = 5
result = check_odd_even(num)
print("The number is:", result)

Output 2: a)

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming
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Program 2. b) Write a Python Program to Check if a

Number is Positive, Negative or 0
Aim: The aim of this project is to write a Python program that
checks whether a given number is positive, negative, or zero. This
program will help users learn how to use conditional statements to
classify numbers based on their value, enhancing their understanding
of control flow
#Python Program to Check if a Number is Positive, Negative or 0
def check_number(num):
if num > 0:
return "Positive"
elif num < 0:
return "Negative"
else:
return "Zero"

# Example usage
number = -8
result = check_number(number)
print("The number is:", result)

Output 2: b)

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming
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Program 2: c) Program to check if a number is an

Armstrong number
Aim: This program will help users understand the concept of
Armstrong numbers and provide experience with looping,
mathematical operations, and conditional logic in Python.
def is_armstrong(num):

order = len(str(num))

sum_of_powers = sum(int(digit) ** order for digit in str(num))

return num == sum_of_powers

# Example usage

number = 153

result = is_armstrong(number)

print("Is Armstrong number?", result)

Output 2: c)

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming
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Program 3. a) Write a Python program to check if a given

number is a Fibonacci number.
Aim: This program will help users understand the concept of Fibonacci
numbers and practice implementing mathematical logic and efficient
algorithms in Python.
# Program to check if a number is Fibonacci
def is_fibonacci(n):
a, b = 0, 1
while a < n:
a, b = b, a + b
return a == n

# Example usage
num = 55
result = is_fibonacci(num)
print("Is Fibonacci number?", result)

Output 3: a)

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming
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Program 3: b) Write a Python program to print the cube

sum of the first n natural numbers.
Aim: This program will help users understand how to work with loops
and mathematical formulas in Python to solve problems related to series
and summation.

# Program to calculate the cube sum of first n natural numbers

def cube_sum(n):
return sum(i**3 for i in range(1, n + 1))

# Example usage
n=3
result = cube_sum(n)
print("Cube sum of first", n, "natural numbers:", result)

Output 3: b)

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming
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Program 3: c) Write a Python program to print all odd

numbers in a range.
Aim: This program will help users learn how to use loops and
conditional statements in Python to filter and display numbers based on
specific criteria.
# Program to print all odd numbers in a range

def print_odd_numbers(start, end):

return [num for num in range(start, end + 1) if num % 2 != 0]

# Example usage

start = 1

end = 10

result = print_odd_numbers(start, end)

print("Odd numbers in the range:", result)

Output 3: c)

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming
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Problem 4. a) Write a Python Program to Print Pascal's

Triangle.
Aim: This program will help users understand the concept of binomial
coefficients and practice using loops and list operations in Python to
generate and display the triangle's rows.
# Program to print Pascal's Triangle
def pascal_triangle(n):
triangle = []
for i in range(n):
row = [1] * (i + 1)
for j in range(1, i):
row[j] = triangle[i - 1][j - 1] + triangle[i - 1][j]
triangle.append(row)
return triangle

# Example usage
n = int(input(“Enter number of rows:”))
result = pascal_triangle(n)
for row in result:
print(row)

Output 4: a)

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming
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Program 4. b) Write a Python Program to Draw the

Following Pattern:
11111
2222
333
44
5
Aim: The aim of this project is to write a Python program that
draws a specific pattern where the first row consists of five "1"s, the
second row consists of four "2"s, and so on, decreasing in number of
elements with each row. This program will help users practice
working with nested loops and formatting output in Python.

# Program to draw a specific pattern

def draw_pattern(n):
for i in range(1, n + 1):
print((str(i) + ' ') * (n - i + 1))

# Example usage
n = int(input('Enter n: '))
draw_pattern(n)

Output 4: b)

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming
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Program 5. Write a program with a function that accepts

a string from keyboard and creates a new string after
capitalizing each word.
Aim: This program will help users understand string manipulation, input
handling, and the use of Python string methods such as split() and
capitalize().
# Program to capitalize each word in a string
def capitalize_words(sentence):
return ' '.join(word.capitalize() for word in sentence.split())
# Example usage
input_string = input(“Enter the string: ”)
result = capitalize_words(input_string)
print("Capitalized string:", result)

Output 5:

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming (24CSE0101)

Program 6. a) Write a program that accepts a list from

the user, reverses the content of the list, and displays it.
Do not use the reverse() method.
Aim: This program will help users practice working with lists, loops,
and basic algorithms to manipulate data in Python.
# Program to reverse a list without using reverse()
def reverse_list(lst):
return lst[::-1]

# Example usage
user_input = input("Enter numbers separated by spaces: ")
input_list = list(map(int, user_input.split()))
reversed_list = reverse_list(input_list)
print("Reversed list:", reversed_list)

Output 6: a)

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming (24CSE0101)

Program 6. b) Find and display the largest number of a

list without using the built-in function max().
Aim: This program will help users understand how to iterate through a
list and use basic comparison logic to identify the maximum value.
# Program to find the largest number in a list without using max()
def find_largest(lst):
largest = lst[0]
for num in lst:
if num > largest:
largest = num
return largest

# Example usage
user_input = input("Enter numbers separated by spaces: ")
input_list = list(map(int, user_input.split()))
largest_number = find_largest(input_list)
print("Largest number:", largest_number)

Output 6: b)

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming (24CSE0101)

Problem 7. Find the sum of each row of a matrix of size m

x n.
Aim: This program will help users practice working with multi-
dimensional lists (matrices), looping through rows and columns, and
performing arithmetic operations in Python.
# Program to find the sum of each row of a
matrix def sum_of_rows(matrix):
return [sum(row) for row in matrix]

# Example
usage matrix
=[
[11, 22, 33],
[41, 54, 67],
[75, 38, 19]
]
row_sums =
sum_of_rows(matrix)
print("Sum of each row:",
row_sums)

Output 7:

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming (24CSE0101)

Problem 8. a) Write a program that reads a string from

keyboard and displays the number of uppercase letters,
lowercase letters, digits, and whitespace characters.
Aim: This program will help users practice string traversal, conditional
statements, and character classification in Python.
# Program to count different character types in a string
def count_character_types(string):
uppercase = sum(1 for c in string if c.isupper())
lowercase = sum(1 for c in string if c.islower())
digits = sum(1 for c in string if c.isdigit())
whitespace = sum(1 for c in string if c.isspace())
return uppercase, lowercase, digits, whitespace

# Example usage
input_string = input("Enter a string: ")
result = count_character_types(input_string)
print("Uppercase letters:", result[0])
print("Lowercase letters:", result[1])
print("Digits:", result[2])
print("Whitespace characters:", result[3])

Output 8: a)

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming (24CSE0101)

Problem 8. b) Write a Python Program to Find Common

Characters in Two Strings.
Aim: This program will help users practice string manipulation, set
operations, and understanding how to compare elements across multiple
strings in Python.
# Program to find common characters in two strings
def common_characters(str1, str2):
return set(str1) & set(str2)

# Example usage
string1 = "hello"
string2 = "world"
result = common_characters(string1, string2)
print("Common characters:", result)

Output 8: b)

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming (24CSE0101)

Problem 8. c) Write a Python Program to Count the

Number of Vowels in a String.
Aim: This program will help users practice string iteration,
conditional statements, and understanding the concept of vowel
identification in Python.
# Program to count the number of vowels in a string
def count_vowels(string):
vowels = "aeiouAEIOU"
return sum(1 for char in string if char in vowels)

# Example usage
input_string = "Hello World"
result = count_vowels(input_string)
print("Number of vowels:", result)

Output 8: c)

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming (24CSE0101)

Problem 9: a) Write a Python program to check if a

specified element is present in a tuple of tuples.
Aim: This program will help users understand how to work with
nested data structures like tuples of tuples and how to search for
elements within them.
# Program to check if an element is in a tuple of tuples
def check_in_tuples(tuples, element):
for tup in tuples:
if element in tup:
return True
return False

# Example usage
tuple_of_tuples = (('Red', 'White', 'Blue'), ('Green', 'Pink', 'Purple'), ('Orange', 'Yellow',
'Lime'))
result = check_in_tuples(tuple_of_tuples, "White")
print("Is the element present?", result)

Output 9: a)

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming (24CSE0101)

Problem 9. b) Write a Python program to remove empty

tuple(s) from a list of tuples.
Aim: This program will help users practice working with lists and tuples,
and utilize list comprehension or filtering techniques to modify and clean
up data structures in Python.

# Program to remove empty tuples from a list

def remove_empty_tuples(tuple_list):
#In Python, empty tuples () are considered False in a boolean context, while non
#empty tuples are True.
return [tup for tup in tuple_list if tup]

# Example usage
list_of_tuples = [(), (), ('',), ('a', 'b'), ('a', 'b', 'c'), ('d')]
result = remove_empty_tuples(list_of_tuples)
print("List after removing empty tuples:", result)

Output 9: b)

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming (24CSE0101)

Problem 10. a) Write a Program in Python to Find the

Differences Between Two Lists Using Sets.
Aim: This program will help users understand how to utilize Python's
set operations, such as difference and union, to efficiently compare and
extract unique elements from two lists.
# Program to find differences between two lists using sets
def list_differences(list1, list2):
return list(set(list1) - set(list2)), list(set(list2) - set(list1))
# Example usage
list1 = [11, 22, 33, 44]
list2 = [33, 44, 55, 66]
diff1, diff2 = list_differences(list1, list2)
print("Difference in list1:", diff1)
print("Difference in list2:", diff2)

Output 10:

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming (24CSE0101)

Problem 11. a) Write a Python program to remove

duplicate values across Dictionary Values.
Aim: This program will help users understand how to handle
nested data structures, work with dictionaries and lists, and
efficiently eliminate duplicates using set operations in Python.
# Program to remove duplicate values across dictionary values
def remove_duplicates(dict_values):
seen = set()
result = {}
for key, values in dict_values.items():
result[key] = []
for value in values:
if value not in seen:
seen.add(value)
result[key].append(value)
return result

# Example usage
sample_dict = {‘Abdul’: [1, 1, 1], ‘Akash’: [2, 2, 2]}
result = remove_duplicates(sample_dict)
print("Dictionary after removing duplicates:", result)

Output 11: a)

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming (24CSE0101)

11. b) Write a Python program to count the frequencies in

a list using a dictionary.
Aim: This program will help users understand how to work with
dictionaries for storing and counting occurrences of items in a list, and
practice iterating through lists and dictionaries in Python.
def count_frequencies(lst):
frequency_dict = {}
for item in lst:
# Check if the item is already in the dictionary
if item in frequency_dict:
frequency_dict[item] += 1
else:
frequency_dict[item] = 1
return frequency_dict

# Example usage
input_list = [1, 1, 1, 5, 5, 3, 1, 3, 3, 1,4, 4, 4, 2, 2, 2, 2]
result = count_frequencies(input_list)
print("Frequencies:", result)

Output 11: b)

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming (24CSE0101)

Problem 12. a) Write a Python Program to Capitalize the

First Letter of Each Word in a File.
Aim: This program will help users practice file handling, string
manipulation, and applying text transformations in Python.
# Program to capitalize the first letter of each word in a file
def capitalize_file_words(file_path):
with open(file_path, 'r') as file:
content = file.read()
capitalized_content = ' '.join(word.capitalize() for word in content.split())
return capitalized_content

# Example usage
# Assuming 'input.txt' contains the text
file_path = 'input.txt'
result = capitalize_file_words(file_path)
print("Capitalized content:", result)

Output 12(depends on content of 'input.txt'): a)

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming (24CSE0101)

Problem 12. b) Write a Python Program to Print the

Contents of a File in Reverse Order.
Aim: This program will help users understand file handling in
Python, as well as how to manipulate and reverse the order of data
from a file.
# Program to print the contents of a file in reverse order
def print_file_reverse(file_path):
with open(file_path, 'r') as file:
content = file.readlines()
for line in reversed(content):
print(line.strip())

# Example usage
# Assuming 'input.txt' contains multiple lines
file_path = 'input.txt'
print_file_reverse(file_path)

Output 12(depends on content of 'input.txt'): b)

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming (24CSE0101)

Problem 13. Write a program to catch an exception and handle

it using try and except code blocks.
Aim: This program will help users understand how to catch and handle
runtime errors gracefully, preventing program crashes and allowing for better
error management in Python.

# Program to demonstrate exception handling

def divide_numbers(a, b):
try:
result = a / b
except ZeroDivisionError:
return "Cannot divide by zero." return result

# Example usage
num1 = 10
num2 = 0
result = divide_numbers(num1, num2)
print("Result:", result)

Output 13:

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming (24CSE0101)

Problem 14: Write a Python Program to Append,

Delete and Display Elements of a List using
Classes.
Aim: This program will help users understand the concept of
classes and object-oriented programming (OOP) in Python, as well
as how to manipulate lists using class methods.
# Program to append, delete and display elements of a list using classes
class ListManager:
def init (self):
self.elements = []
def append_element(self, element):
self.elements.append(element)
def delete_element(self, element):
if element in self.elements:
self.elements.remove(element)
else:
return "Element not found."
def display_elements(self):
return self.elements

# Example usage
manager = ListManager()
manager.append_element(1)
manager.append_element(2)
manager.delete_element(1)
print("Current list:", manager.display_elements())

Output 14:

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming (24CSE0101)

Problem 15: Write a Python Program to Find the Area

and Perimeter of the Circle using Class.
Aim: This program will help users understand the principles of object-
oriented programming (OOP) in Python, including class definition,
methods, and how to use mathematical formulas to perform calculations.
# Program to find the area and perimeter of a circle using a class
import math

class Circle:
def init (self, radius):
self.radius = radius

def area(self):
return math.pi * (self.radius ** 2)

def perimeter(self):
return 2 * math.pi * self.radius

# Example usage
circle = Circle(5)
print("Area of the circle:", circle.area())
print("Perimeter of the circle:", circle.perimeter())

Output 15:

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming (24CSE0101)

Problem 16: Create an interactive application using

Python's Tkinter library for graphics programming.
Aim: This project will help users understand how to build GUI
(Graphical User Interface) applications, learn how to design layouts, and
use event handling to make the application interactive and user-friendly.
Code:
import tkinter as tk

class CounterApp:
def init (self, root):
self.root = root
self.root.title("Simple Counter App")

# Initialize the counter value

self.counter = 0

# Label to display the counter

self.counter_label = tk.Label(root, text="0", font=("Arial", 48))
self.counter_label.pack(pady=20)

# Increase button
self.increase_button = tk.Button(root, text="Increase", command=self.increase, font=("Arial", 14))
self.increase_button.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=20)

# Decrease button
self.decrease_button = tk.Button(root, text="Decrease", command=self.decrease, font=("Arial", 14))
self.decrease_button.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=20)

# Reset button
self.reset_button = tk.Button(root, text="Reset", command=self.reset, font=("Arial", 14))
self.reset_button.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=20)

def increase(self):
self.counter += 1
self.update_counter()

def decrease(self):
self.counter -= 1
self.update_counter()

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 Problem Solving using Python Programming (24CSE0101)

def reset(self):
self.counter = 0
self.update_counter()

def update_counter(self):
self.counter_label.config(text=str(self.counter))

# Create the Tkinter window and run the application

root = tk.Tk()
app = CounterApp(root)
root.mainloop()

Output 16:

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