Holy Spirit Academy of Irosin

Magsaysay St. Bacolod, Irosin, Sorsogon

Irosin, Sorsogon
SY: 2024-2025

SELF-LEARNING MODULE
MATHEMATICS 9
(OCTOBER 28-30)
-Ms. April Rose B. Polo-

LESSON 1.5: QUADRATIC FUNCTIONS

Finding Quadratic Functions that Model Data and Graphs

LESSON OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the students shall be able to:
a) Apply system of equations in identifying equations given a table of values
b) Find the equation of a quadratic function given the vertex and the roots of f (x)=0.

In the previous lesson, you have learned how to make a table of values of a given function
and graph it. In this section, you will determine the function given the table of values or a graph.
Moreover, in order to find the quadratic function given the table of values, graphs, and
zeroes you will use a system of equations (which have already discuss during Grade 8). To do
this, you will need at least three points on the graph of the function. Let us look at the following
examples.

Determine the quadratic function given the table of values, graph or zeroes.

A. GIVEN A TABLE OF VALUES

Example #1
x −2 −1 0 1 2
y 9 0 1 4 9

To solve for the equation of the quadratic function, let us follow the following steps:
STEPS DEMONSTRATION
a) (−1 , 0)
1. Choose 3 ordered pairs from the table of b) (0 , 1)
values. c) (1 , 4)

2. Substitute the values of x and y in a) For (−1 , 0)

2
f ( x)=a x + bx+ c. Note that f (x)= y . 2
f (x)=a x + bx+ c
There must be 3 equations: 2
0=a(− 1) +b (−1)+c
0=a −b +c Equation 1

b) For (0 , 1)
2
f (x)=a x + bx+ c
2
1=a(0) +b( 0)+ c
Equation 2
1=c

c) For (1 , 4)
2
f (x)=a x + bx+ c
2
4=a(1) + b(1)+c
Equation 3
4=a+b+ c
 Add Equation 1 & Equation 3
0=a −b +c4=a+b+ c4=2 a+ 2 c

Since c=1 ,
4=2 a+ 2 c
4=2 a+ 2(1)
2
4=2 a+ 24 −2=2a2=2a =2 a1=a
2

Substitute the values of a & c to equation 1 or

3. Solve the system of equations by
equation 3 to solve for b.
elimination.
a=1 c=1
For equation 1: For equation 3:
0=a −b +c 4=a+b+ c
0=(1)− b+1 4=(1)+ b+1
0=2− b 4=2+ b
−2=−b 4 −2=b 2=b
−2 −b
= 2=b
−1 −1

4. Write the equation for the quadratic Given the values of

function using the values of a, b, and c. a=2 b=− 3 c=5
Substitute to the standard form of the quadratic
function:
2
f (x)=a x + bx+ c
2
f (x)=(1)x +(2) x+(1)
2
f (x)=x +2 x+ 1

Example #2
X −2 −1 0 1 2
y 19 10 5 4 7

To solve for the equation of the quadratic function, let us follow the following steps:
STEPS DEMONSTRATION
a) (− 2, 19)
1. Choose 3 ordered pairs
b) (−1 , 10)
from the table of values.
c) (0 , 5)
2. Substitute the values of x a) For (− 2, 19)
and y in f (x)=a x 2+ bx+ c. 2
f (x)=a x + bx+ c
Note that f (x)= y . There 2
19=a(− 2) +b (−2)+c
must be 3 equations: 19=4 a− 2 b+c Equation 1

b) For (−1 , 10)

2
f (x)=a x + bx+ c
2
10=a(− 1) +b (−1)+ c
Equation 2
10=a −b+ c

c) For (0 , 5)
2
f (x)=a x + bx+ c
2
5=a(0) +b (0)+ c
Equation 3
5=c

3. Solve the system of Substitute 5=c in the Equation 1 & Equation 2

equations by elimination. For Equation 1: For Equation 2:
19=4 a− 2 b+c 10=a −b+ c
19=4 a− 2 b+5 10=a −b+ 5
−5+ 19=4 a −2 b −5+ 10=a − b
 14=4 a −2 b 5=a −b

Use elimination on
Equation 4 & Equation 5 to To eliminate the variable a, multiply both side of the equation 5
solve for the values of a and b. by 4.
14=4 a −2 b−5=a − b 5=a −b
(4)(5)=(a −b)(4)−20=4 a − 4 b

Subtract Equation 4 and the new equation

5

14=4 a −2 b −(−20=4 a − 4 b)

14=4 a −2 b+20 − 4 a+2 b

14=2 b+20
−20+ 14=2b +20 −20

−6=2 b
−6 2 b
=
2 2
−3=b

Substitute the values ofb=−3 to

equation 4 or equation 5 to solve for a.

For equation 4: For equation 5:

14=4 a −2 b 5=a −b
14=4 a −2(− 3) 5=a −(−3)5=a+3
14=4 a+6 −3+ 5=a+ 3− 32=a
14 − 6=4 a
8=4 a
8 4a
= 2=a
4 4
4. Write the equation for the Given the values of
quadratic function using a=2 b=− 3 c=5
the values of a, b, and c. Substitute to the standard form of the quadratic function:
2
f (x)=a x + bx+ c
2
f ( x)=(2) x +( −3) x +( 5)
2
f (x)=2 x − 3 x+5

B. GIVEN THE GRAPH OF THE QUADRATIC FUNCTION

To determine the equation of a quadratic function based on its graph, let us use the vertex form of the
quadratic function.
Let us find the equation of the quadratic function whose graph is shown below.

Example #3
y

STEPS DEMONSTRATION
1. Find the coordinate of the vertex The vertex of the parabola is at (−1 , 7)
2. Substitute the values of ℎ andk in the equation f (x)=a(x −ℎ) +k
2

in vertex form. 2
f ( x)=a( x −(−1)) − 7
(ℎ , k )(−1 , 7) 2
f (x)=a(x +1) −7

3. To find a, choose a point on the graph and Take (0 , −5)

substitute it in the equation obtained from Step 2. 2
f (x)=a(x −ℎ) +k
 2
−5=a (0+1) −7
2
−5=a (1) −7
−5=a −7
−5+ 7=a
2=a
4. Complete the equation from step 2 Vertex Form
2
using the value of a. If the desired f (x)=a(x +1) −7
2
equation is the form of f ( x)=2( x+ 1) −7
f ( x)=a x + bx+ c , simplify the right-
2

Expanded Form
hand side of the equation. 2
f (x)=2(x+ 1) −7
f (x)=2(x ¿¿ 2+ 2 x +1)− 7 ¿
2
f (x)=2 x +4 x +2 −7
2
f ( x)=2 x +4 x −5
Example #4 x
 y

STEPS DEMONSTRATION
1. Find the coordinate of the vertex The vertex of the parabola is at (−1 , 0)
2. Substitute the values of ℎ andk in the 2
f ( x)=a( x −ℎ) +k
equation in vertex form. 2
f (x)=a(x −(−1)) − 0
3. (ℎ , k )(−1 , 0) f ( x)=a( x +1)
2

4. To find a, choose a point on the graph and Take (0 , −5)

substitute it in the equation obtained from 2
f ( x)=a( x −ℎ) +k
Step 2. −5=a (0+1)
2

2
−5=a (1)
−5=a

5. Complete the equation from step 2 Vertex Form

2
using the value of a. If the desired f (x)=−5( x +1)
equation is the form of
Expanded Form
f ( x)=a x + bx+¿ c, simplify the right-hand side
2
2
f ( x)=−5( x +1)
of the equation. f (x)=−5(x ¿¿ 2+2 x+1)¿
2
f ( x)=5 x −10 x −5

C. GIVEN THE ZEROES OF THE FUNCTION

You have learned that one of the forms of a quadratic function is the factored form. You can
use this form to find the equation given the zeroes of the function.

Example #5
Let us find the equation of the quadratic function with zeroes −3∧1. Use the form
f (x)=(x −n)( x − m), where n and m are zeroes.
STEPS DEMONSTRATION
1. Substitute the zeroes in the form f (x)=(x −n)(x − m)
f (x)=(x −n)(x − m) f (x)=¿
Let n=−3∧m=1
2. Write the equation. By applying Foil Method. f (x)=(x +3)(x − 1)
2
f (x)=x − x +3 x − 3
2
f ( x)=x +2 x − 3

Example #6
Find the quadratic equation with zeroes −2and −1
STEPS DEMONSTRATION
1. Substitute the zeroes in the form f (x)=(x −n)(x − m)
f (x)=(x −n)(x − m) f (x)=[ x −(−2)][ x −(− 1)]
Let n=−2∧m=−1
3. Write the equation. By applying Foil Method. f (x)=(x +2)(x+1) f (x)=x2 + x +2 x+2
2
f (x)=x +3 x +2

Example #7
 Let us find the equation of a quadratic function with zeroes 2∧1 , and the parabola passes
through (0, 4). Use the form f (x)=a(x −n)(x −m),where n∧m are the zeroes.

STEPS DEMONSTRATION
4. Substitute the zeroes in the form f (x)=a(x −n)(x −m)
f (x)=a(x −n)(x −m) f (x)=a(x −2)(x − 1)
5. To find a, substitute x and y of the given point f (x)=a(x −2)(x − 1)
to the equation obtained from step 1. Note 4=a(0 − 2)(0 − 1)
that f (x)= y 4=a(− 2)(− 1)
4=2 a
4 2a
= 2=a
2 2
6. Write the equation. f (x)=a(x −2)(x − 1)
f (x)=2(x − 2)(x −1) f ( x)=2( x 2 −3 x +2)
2
f (x)=4 x − 6 x+ 4

Holy Spirit Academy of Irosin

Magsaysay St. Bacolod, Irosin, Sorsogon
Irosin, Sorsogon
SY: 2024-2025

MATHEMATICS 9
WORKSHEET #6
Name: Score:
Grade & Section: 9-Hope Date: October 30, 2024

I. Find the equation of the quadratic equation given the following. (Use an Extra Sheet of paper for
your answer)
a) Zeroes of the Function
1. Zeroes are −2∧−5
2. Zeroes are 0 and 4; Passing through (-2, 5)

b) Table of Values
1.
x 0 1 2 3 4
y 1 −2 −3 −2 1

c) Graph of the Quadratic Function