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    A z test is a statistical test that is used to check if the means of two data sets are different when the population variance is known

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    A z test is a statistical test that is used to check if the means of two data sets are different when the population variance is known

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    A z test is a statistical test that is used to check if the means of two data sets are different when the population variance is known

    Uploaded by

    divinerosealta30
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    A z test is a statistical test that is used to check if the means of two data

    sets are different when the population variance is known.

    What is Z Test?
    A z test is a test that is used to check if the means of two populations are
    different or not provided the data follows a normal distribution. For this
    purpose, the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis must be set
    up and the value of the z test statistic must be calculated. The decision
    criterion is based on the z critical value.

     Example 1: A teacher claims that the mean score of students in his class
    is greater than 82 with a standard deviation of 20. If a sample of 81
    students was selected with a mean score of 90 then check if there is
    enough evidence to support this claim at a 0.05 significance level.

    Solution: As the sample size is 81 and population standard deviation is


    known, this is an example of a right-tailed one-sample z test.

    H0H0 : μ=82

    H1H1 : μ>82

    From the z table the critical value at αα = 1.645

    (Ang solution naa ra sa akoa o gang answer palihog butang space)

    Example 2: A company wants to improve the quality of products by reducing


    defects and monitoring the efficiency of assembly lines. In assembly line A, there
    were 18 defects reported out of 200 samples while in line B, 25 defects out of 600
    samples were noted. Is there a difference in the procedures at a 0.05 alpha level?

    Solution: This is an example of a two-tailed two proportion z test.

    H0H0: The two proportions are the same.


    H1H1: The two proportions are not the same.

    As this is a two-tailed test the alpha level needs to be divided by 2 to get 0.025.

    Using this, the critical value from the z table is 1.96.

    n1n1 = 200, n2n2 = 600


    p1p1 = 18 / 200 = 0.09
    p2p2 = 25 / 600 = 0.0416

    p = (18 + 25) / (200 + 600) = 0.0537

    (Give Space for the formula)

    As 2.62 > 1.96 thus, the null hypothesis is rejected and it is concluded that there is
    a significant difference between the two lines.

    Answer: Reject the null hypothesis


    What is a One-Sample Z Test?

    A one-sample z test is used when the population standard deviation is


    known, to compare the sample mean and the population mean. The z
    test statistic is given by the formula.

    ×−μ
    σ
    √n

    Z Test Formula
    The z test formula compares the z statistic with the z critical value to test
    whether there is a difference in the means of two populations.
    In hypothesis testing, the z critical value divides the distribution graph into
    the acceptance and the rejection regions. If the test statistic falls in the
    rejection region then the null hypothesis can be rejected otherwise it
    cannot be rejected. The z test formula to set up the required hypothesis
    tests for a one sample and a two-sample z test are given below.

    One-Sample Z Test
    A one-sample z test is used to check if there is a difference between the
    sample mean and the population mean when the population standard
    deviation is known. The formula for the z test statistic is given as follows.

    x¯ is the sample mean,μ is the population mean, σ is the population


    standard deviation and n is the sample size.

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