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Unit 1
What is Boolean Logic?
Boolean Logic is a branch of algebra that deals with true or false values, often represented as 1 (true) and 0 (false). It is fundamental to digital circuits and computer science.
Define an Instruction Register.
An Instruction Register (IR) is a part of the CPU that holds the current instruction being executed. It stores the instruction fetched from memory and is used by the control unit to determine the next steps.
What is Addressing Mode?
Addressing mode refers to the way in which the operand of an instruction is specified. It determines how the address of an operand is calculated.
Define Computer Architecture.
Computer Architecture refers to the design and organization of a computer's core components, including the CPU, memory, and I/O systems. It defines the system's functionality, organization, and implementation.
List the Names of the Registers.
Common registers in a CPU include the Accumulator (AC), Data Register (DR), Address Register (AR), Program Counter (PC), Instruction Register (IR), and General Purpose Registers (such as AX, BX, CX, DX in x86 architecture).
Unit 2
What is IEEE Floating Point Format?
The IEEE floating-point format is a standard for representing real numbers in computers. It defines formats for representing single and double precision floating-point numbers, including sign, exponent, and mantissa.
What is the Principle of Booth Multiplication?
Booth's multiplication is an algorithm that multiplies two signed binary numbers in two's complement notation. It reduces the number of addition operations required by encoding sequences of 1s in the multiplier.
Define Overflow in Floating-Point.
Overflow in floating-point occurs when the result of an arithmetic operation is too large to be represented within the available exponent range of the floating-point format. What is a Carry Look-Ahead Adder? A Carry Look-Ahead Adder is a type of adder used in digital circuits that improves speed by reducing the amount of time required to calculate carry bits.
State the Difference Between Restoring and Non-Restoring Division.
Restoring division restores the dividend after a failed subtraction, whereas non-restoring division does not restore and instead adjusts in the next step, leading to potentially faster computation.
Unit 3
Define Microprocessors. A microprocessor is a central processing unit (CPU) on a single integrated circuit (IC) that executes instructions from a computer program.
What is an 8086 Microprocessor?
The 8086 microprocessor is a 16-bit microprocessor developed by Intel. It was introduced in 1978 and is part of the x86 architecture.
List the Features of 8086 Processor.
Features of the 8086 processor include a 16-bit data bus, 20-bit address bus, 1 MB addressable memory, segmented memory architecture, and support for hardware interrupts.
State the Difference Between 8085 and 8086 Microprocessors.
The main differences between the 8085 and 8086 microprocessors are: 8085 is an 8-bit processor, while 8086 is a 16-bit processor. 8085 has a 64 KB memory address space, whereas 8086 has a 1 MB address space.
Compare Hardwired and Micro-Programmed Control Unit.
A Hardwired Control Unit is faster but less flexible as it uses fixed logic circuits to control signals. A Micro-Programmed Control Unit uses microinstructions stored in memory to produce control signals, offering greater flexibility and ease of modification.