Class XI Session 2024-25

Subject - Biology
Sample Question Paper - 5

Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70

General Instructions:

1. All questions are compulsory.

2. The question paper has five sections and 33 questions. All questions are compulsory.

3. Section–A has 16 questions of 1 mark each; Section–B has 5 questions of 2 marks each; Section– C has 7

questions of 3 marks each; Section– D has 2 case-based questions of 4 marks each; and Section–E has 3 questions

of 5 marks each.

4. There is no overall choice. However, internal choices have been provided in some questions. A student has to

attempt only one of the alternatives in such questions.

5. Wherever necessary, neat and properly labeled diagrams should be drawn.

Section A
1. In a taxonomic hierarchy, the various categories are arranged in: [1]

a) Horizontal order b) Descending order

c) Ascending order d) Vertical order

2. Vasa recta is absent or reduced in: [1]

a) PCT b) Bowman’s capsule

c) Cortical nephrons d) Juxtamedullary nephrons

3. Which one is the cofactor for the proteolytic enzyme carboxypeptidase? [1]

a) Mercury b) Copper

c) Zinc d) Magnesium
4. Vascular bundles in which cambium is present between xylem and phloem is called as: [1]

a) Closed b) Amphivesal

c) Collateral d) Open
5. Which of the following compound is made after haemoglobin associates with carbon dioxide? [1]

a) Carboxyhaemoglobin b) Carbaminohaemoglobin

c) Carbodihaemoglobin d) Carbohaemoglobin
6. C4 photosynthetic efficiency is more than C3 pathway because: [1]

a) Photorespiration is present in C3 b) Photorespiration is present in both C3 and

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 C4

c) Photorespiration is fast in C4 plants d) Photorespiration is suppressed in C4 plants

7. Dialysing unit (artificial kidney) contains a fluid which is almost same as plasma except that it has: [1]

a) No urea b) High uric acid

c) High urea d) High glucose

8. The lymph in frog lacks: [1]

a) RBC and plasma b) Plasma and WBCs

c) WBCs and few proteins d) RBCs and few proteins

9. Parthenocarpy can be induced to develop seedless fruit by application of: [1]

a) Zeatin and IAA b) IBA and cytokinin

c) IAA and IBA d) Ethylene and gibberellins

10. Plants of this group are diploid and well adapted to extreme conditions. They grow bearing sporophylls in [1]
compact structures called cones. The group in reference is:

a) Gymnosperms b) Dicots

c) Monocots d) Pteridophytes
11. Which one of the following is also known as antidiuretic hormone? [1]

a) Calcitonin b) Adrenaline

c) Vasopressin d) Oxytocin
12. 70% of carbon dioxide is transported as bicarbonate by the enzyme_______. [1]

a) Carbaminase b) Carbonates

c) Carbonic anhydrase d) Carbonic hydrase

13. Assertion (A): Mushrooms are called fairy rings. [1]
Reason (R): Mushroom consists of two parts-stipe and pileus.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

14. Assertion (A): In certain industries, especially those involving grinding or stone-breaking, so much dust is [1]
produced, a long exposure can give rise to occupational respiratory disorders.
Reason (R): It produces inflammation leading to fibrosis and thus causing serious lung damage.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

15. Assertion (A): Natural rubbers are polyterpene. [1]
Reason (R): Terpene is a lipid.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

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 c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
16. Assertion (A): When P co2 is high and P o2 is low as in the tissues, more binding of carbon dioxide occurs [1]
whereas, when the P co2 is low and P o2 is high as in the alveoli, dissociation of CO2 from carbamino-
hemoglobin takes place.
Reason (R): P o2 is a major factor that could affect the binding of CO2 with hemoglobin.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

Section B
17. Classify vascular bundles on the basis of the position of the protoxylem. [2]
18. How does a gap junction facilitate intercellular communication? [2]
19. Which hormone helps maintain the bone density in the body? [2]
20. What makes species a basic taxonomic category? [2]
21. Give comparison between cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation. [2]
OR
What can we conclude from the statement that the action and absorption spectrum of photosynthesis overlap? At
which wavelength do they show peaks?
Section C
22. Mention the ploidy of the following: [3]
i. Protonemal cell of a moss
ii. Primary endosperm nucleus in dicot
iii. Leaf cell of a moss
iv. Prothallus cell of a fern
v. Gemma cell in Marchantia
vi. Meristem cell of monocot
vii. Ovum of a liverwort
viii. Zygote of a fern
23. Distinguish between a Bird and Bat. [3]
24. Can you describe what happens when milk is converted into curd or yoghurt from your understanding of [3]
proteins?
25. What is the nature of substances which control the growth in plants and animals? [3]
26. Write the difference between: Pectoral and Pelvic girdle [3]
27. Compare mitral valve and semilunar valve. [3]
OR
What is :
i. blood,
ii. Serum?
28. Describe the structure of Brain. [3]
Section D
29. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
R.H. Whittaker proposed a Five Kingdom Classification. The kingdoms defined by him were named Monera,

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 Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. The main criteria for classification used by him include cell structure,
body organisation, mode of nutrition, reproduction and phylogenetic relationships. The three-domain system has
also been proposed that divides the Kingdom Monera into two domains, leaving the remaining eukaryotic
kingdoms in the third domain and there by a six kingdom classification. Earlier classification systems included
bacteria, blue-green algae, fungi, mosses, ferns, gymnosperms and the angiosperms under 'Plants'. The character
that unified this whole kingdom was that all the organisms included had a cell wall in their cells.
Robert H. Whittaker (1969)

i. Observe Robert H. Whittaker (1969) flow chart of classification and mention what type of organisms were
included in Kingdom Animalia? (1)
ii. Mention two differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. (1)
iii. Linnaeus used which kingdom of classification? State two drawbacks of Linnaeus two kingdom
classification. (2)
OR
Is Fungi- Autotrophic (Photosynthetic) and Heterotrophic the correct match? Also, Mention the difference
between the walls of fungi and green plants. (2)
30. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
The flower is the reproductive unit in the angiosperms. It is meant for sexual reproduction. A typical flower has
four different kinds of whorls arranged successively on the swollen end of the stalk or pedicel, called thalamus
or receptacle. These are calyx, corolla, androecium and gynoecium. Calyx and corolla are accessory organs,
while androecium and gynoecium are reproductive organs. In symmetry, the flower may be actinomorphic
(radial symmetry) or zygomorphic (bilateral symmetry). Based on the position of calyx, corolla and androecium
in respect of the ovary on the thalamus, the flowers are described as hypogynous, perigynous and epigynous. A
flower may be trimerous, tetramerous or pentamerous when the floral appendages are in multiple of 3, 4 or 5,

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 respectively.

i. Observe the diagram given below. and mention what happens after the given stage. (1)
ii. Is Actinomorphic - datura the incorrect match? (1)
iii. When the ovary is superior it is called? (2)
OR
Which of the following represents epigynous? Also, mention what an epigynous flower is (2)

Section E
31. Describe meiosis II with the help of suitable diagrams. [5]
OR
Explain meiosis-II in an animal cell.
32. Explain glycolysis. [5]
OR
What is oxidative phosphorylation?
33. What is the difference between cell wall and ribosomes of a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell? [5]
OR
With suitable diagram describe animal cell.

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 Solution

Section A
1.
(b) Descending order
Explanation: Kingdom → Phylum/Division → Class → Order → Family → Genus → Species.
Hence, the correct option is Descending order.
2.
(c) Cortical nephrons
Explanation: The efferent arteriole emerging from the glomerulus forms a fine capillary network around the renal tubule
called the peritubular capillaries. A minute vessel of this network runs parallel to Henle’s loop forming a ‘U’ shaped vasa recta.
Vasa recta are absent or highly reduced in cortical nephrons.
3.
(c) Zinc
Explanation: Zinc is a cofactor for the pro­teolytic enzyme carboxypeptidase and forms coordina­tion bonds with the side
chains of two histidines and one glutamic acid residue at the active site. A fourth bond is formed between zinc and the a-
carboxyl group of the substrate amino acids, and it is here that the cleavage of the peptide occurs.
4.
(d) Open
Explanation: Vascular bundles in which cambium is present between xylem and phloem are called open vascular bundles and
those in which cambium is absent are called closed vascular bundles.
5.
(b) Carbaminohaemoglobin
Explanation: Carbaminohemoglobin is a compound of haemoglobin and carbon dioxide and is one of the forms in which
carbon dioxide exists in the blood. 30% of carbon dioxide is carried in blood this way (60% carried in the blood as bicarbonate
[hydrogen carbonate], 10% carried as free CO2, in solution, or plasma).

6.
(d) Photorespiration is suppressed in C4 plants
Explanation: C4 plants are more efficient than C3 plants because in C4 plants there is no photorespiration in which fixed
carbon is oxidized in the presence of sunlight due to the presence of Kranz Anatomy. There is also a double fixation of CO2.

7. (a) No urea
Explanation: The dialysing unit contains a coiled cellophane tube surrounded by a fluid (dialysing fluid) having the same
composition as that of plasma except the nitrogenous wastes like urea.
8.
(d) RBCs and few proteins
Explanation: The lymph is different from the blood. It is known as tissue fluid. Lymph is yellowish in colour as it lacks RBCs
and few proteins.
9.
(c) IAA and IBA
Explanation: Auxins (IAA, IBA) also induce parthenocarpy, (Seed fewer fruits) e.g., in tomatoes.
10. (a) Gymnosperms
Explanation: Gymnosperms have reproductive structure as cones i.e. Male and female.
11.
(c) Vasopressin
Explanation: Vasopressin is called ADH or anti-diuretic hormone.

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12.
(c) Carbonic anhydrase
Explanation: An enzyme present in red blood cells, carbonic anhydrase, aids in the conversion of carbon dioxide to carbonic
acid and bicarbonate ions. When red blood cells reach the lungs, the same enzyme helps to convert the bicarbonate ions back to
carbon dioxide, which we breathe out. It transports nearly 70% of carbon dioxide as bicarbonate.
13.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: The basidiocarps or mushrooms often lie in rings. Therefore, these are also known as fairy rings. Each
basidiocarp consists of two parts-stipe and pileus. The stipe or stalk is fleshy while, the pileus is an umbrella-like cap of the
mushroom.
14. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
15.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Terpene are among the minor lipid components of cells. These are constructed of multiples of the 5-carbon
hydrocarbon isoprene. Natural rubber is a polyterpene as it contains thousands of isoprene units arranged in linear fashion.
16. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Section B
17. Vascular bundles on the basis of the position of protoxylem
i. Endarch Protoxylem faces the centre of the plant organ.
ii. Exarch Protoxylem faces periphery of the plant.
18. Gap junctions are fine hydrophilic channels between two adjacent animal cells. These are formed with the help of two protein
cylinders; called connexions. Gap junctions allow small signaling molecules to pass from one cell to another and thus they
facilitate intercellular communication. Movement through gap junctions is controlled by pH and Ca2+ concentration.
19. The sole purpose of the parathyroid glands is to control calcium within the blood in a very tight range between 9.0 and 10.1 . In
doing so, parathyroids also control how much calcium is in the bones, and therefore, how strong and dense the bones are.
20. Species is the lowest of a population or basic taxonomic category which consists of one or more individuals that resemble one
another more closely than individuals of other species The members of a species interbreed freely and are reproductively isolated
from members of other species. These features make the species basic taxonomic category.

21. Cyclic photo phosphorylation Non-cyclic photo phosphorylation

Reaction centre P700 is the electron emitter and also electron Reaction centre P680 is the electron emitter and P700 is the
acceptor. electron acceptor.

It synthesises the only ATP. It forms both ATP and NADPH2.

OR
Chlorophyll 'a' and chlorophyll ‘b’ absorb lights of different wavelengths. Chlorophyll ‘a’ is the main pigment related to
photosynthesis. The absorbance of light by chlorophyll pigments shows the overlap between the absorption spectrum and the
action spectrum (both are curves).
The blue and red regions of the spectrum, they show peaks.
Section C
22. i. Protonemal cell of a Moss- It is haploid (N).
ii. Primary endosperm nucleus (PEN) in dicot- It is triploid (3N).
iii. Leaf cell of a Moss- It is haploid (N).
iv. Prothallus cell of a fern- It is haploid (N).
v. Gemma cell in Marchantia- It is haploid (N).
vi. Meristem cell of Monoco-. It is diploid (2N).
vii. Ovum of a Liverwort- It is haploid (N).
viii. Zygote of a Fern- It is diploid (2N).

23. A Bat A Bird

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 It possesses hairs over the body. It possesses feathers over the body.

Wings are made by a fold of skin. The patagium in between

Wings are modified forelimbs and provided with feathers.
digits of forelimbs.

An external ear is present, No external ear is present.

The muscular diaphragm separates the thoracic cavity and

No diaphragm and the body cavity is not separated also.
abdominal cavity.

A bat is viviparous. A bird is oviparous.

24. Milk is converted into curd or yogurt by the process of fermentation. Milk consists of globular proteins. During fermentation, the
milk sugar (lactose) produces lactic acid. Lactic acid acts on the globular proteins present in the milk and denatures them. This
denaturation destroys the tertiary and quaternary structures of proteins and the globular proteins are converted into fibrous
proteins thus giving a thick texture to the milk due to coagulation of the proteins.is also called fermentation.
25. In plants and animals, growth and differentiation are controlled by chemical substances called the hormones. These occur in
extremely small quantities. They are transported from the site of their synthesis to the place of action. In animals, these are
produced in endocrine glands.
26. Pectoral and Pelvic Girdle. Pectoral girdle is situated in the pectoral region of the body. Each half of pectoral girdle consists of a
clavicle and a scapula. Scapula is a large triangular flat bone situated in the dorsal part of the thorax between the second and the
seventh ribs. The dorsal, flat, triangular body of scapula has a slightly elevated ridge called the spine which projects as a flat,
expanded process called the acromion. The clavicle articulates with this. Below the acromion is a depression called the glenoid
cavity which articulates with the head of the humorous to form the shoulder joint. Each clavicle is a long slender bone with two
curvatures. This bone is commonly called the collar bone.
Pelvic girdle is situated in the pelvic region of the body. Pelvic girdle consists of two coxal bones. Each coxal bone is formed by
the fusion of three bones - ilium, ischium and pubis. At the point of fusion of the above bones is a cavity called acetabulum to
which the thigh bone articulates. The two halves of the pelvic girdle meet ventrally to form the pubic symphysis containing
fibrous cartilage.
27. Mitral Valve: It is situated at the atrioventricular septa. It consists of two flaps which allow the blood to flow from the left atrium
to left ventricle but prevents blood flowing from flowing in the reverse direction.
Semilunar Valve: It guards the openings of the aorta in the left ventricle. Each semilunar valve is formed of semilunar cusps
which pump blood to the aorta on the contraction of ventricle but prevents the backflow of blood.
OR
i. Blood: It is specialised kind of living fluid connective tissue of opaque red colour of alkaline reaction and salty in taste. Its
specific gravity is 1.050-1.060. The blood contains a fluid part of the plasma, and the solid part the corpuscles.
ii. Serum: is the name given to blood plasma which has its protein fibrinogen removed. In this form, the plasma cannot clot, so it
can be stored in hospital blood banks for transfusions in emergencies.
28. Structure of brain. The human brain is well protected by the skull. Inside the skull, the brain is covered by cranial meanings
consisting of an outer layer called dura mater, a very thin middle layer called archnoid and an inner layer (which is in contact with
the brain tissue) called pia mater. The brain can be divided into three major parts.
(i) Forebrain (ii) Midbrain and (iii) Hindbrain
Section D
29. i. All organisms are multicellular, eukaryotes with heterotrophic mode of nutrition.

ii. Prokaryotic cell Eukaryotic cell

Genetic material is not enclosed in a nuclear envelope and is

Genetic material is enclosed within the nucleus by a nuclear
present suspended in the cytoplasm in a region called
envelope and is not present in direct contact with cytoplasm.
nucleoid.

Cell wall is made up of chitin in fungi and cellulose in

Cell wall is made up of peptidoglycan.
plants.

Nucleolus is absent. Nucleolus is present.

iii. Linnaeus used artificial system kingdom of classification.
Drawbacks of Linnaeus two kingdom classification:
Linnaeus developed a Two Kingdom system of classification with Plantae and Animalia kingdoms.

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 This system did not distinguish between eukaryotes and prokaryotes, unicellular and multicellular organisms,
photosynthetic (green algae) and non-photosynthetic (fungi) organisms.
OR
No, Fungi-Autotrophic (Photosynthetic) and Heterotrophic is not correct match. The walls of the fungi were made of
chitin, whereas the green plants had a cellulose cell wall.
30. i. Ovary develops into a fruit and ovules into seeds.
ii. Mustard, datura, and chili are the actinomorphic flowers as they are divided into two half from any plane.
iii. When the gynoecium is present in the topmost position of the thalamus, the ovary is known as: superior.
OR

Epigynous flower: The margin of the thalamus grows over and encloses the ovary completely. The margins of the flower get
fused with the other parts of the flower which rise above the ovary.
Section E
31. Meiosis II
i. Prophase II: Meiosis II is initiated immediately after cytokinesis, usually before the chromosomes have fully elongated. In
contrast to meiosis I, meiosis II resembles normal mitosis. The nuclear membrane disappears by the end of prophase II. The
chromosomes again become compact.

ii. Metaphase II: At this stage the chromosomes align at the equator and the microtubules from opposite poles of the spindle get
attached to the kinetochores of sister chromatids.
iii. Anaphase II: It begins with the simultaneous splitting of the centromere of each chromosome (which was holding the sister
chromatids together), allowing them to move toward opposite poles of the cell.
iv. Telophase II: Meiosis ends with telophase II, in which the two groups of chromosomes once again get enclosed by a nuclear
envelope.
Cytokinesis follows resulting in the formation of tetrad of cells i.e., four haploid daughter cells.
OR
All these happen in the two haploid nuclei simultaneously.
i. Prophase-II takes a short time. Spindle formation begins and the chromosomes become short. Two chromatids are joined to a
single centromere. Nuclear membrane and nucleolus disintegrate.
ii. Metaphase-II At the equator, the chromosomes align at the equator and spindle is formed. The centromere of every
chromosome is joined to the spindle fibre and centromere also divides.
iii. Anaphase-II The daughter chromosomes are formed. Chromatids move towards their poles with the spindle fibres.
iv. Telophase-II Reaching the poles, chromosomes from nuclei which are haploid (n) daughter nuclei. Again nuclear membrane
is constructed. Nucleolus now becomes clearly visible.

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 v. Cytokinesis Occurs and four daughter cells are formed which are haploid (n). It may occur once or twice (i.e., in meiosis-I
and II) or only after the meiosis-II cell division.
32. Glycolysis
The term glycolysis has originated from the Greek words, glycos for sugar, and lysis for splitting. The scheme of
glycolysis was given by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and J. Parnas, and is often referred to as the EMP pathway.
Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell and is present in all living organisms.
In this process, glucose undergoes partial oxidation to form two molecules of pyruvic acid. In plants, this glucose is
derived from sucrose.
Sucrose is converted into glucose and fructose by the enzyme invertase, and these two monosaccharides enter the
glycolytic pathway.
Glucose and fructose are phosphorylated to give rise to glucose-6-phosphate by the activity of the enzyme hexokinase.
This phosphorylated form of glucose then isomerises to produce fructose -6-phosphate.
Subsequent steps of metabolism of glucose and fructose are the same.
The various steps of glycolysis are depicted in the following figure:
In glycolysis, a chain of ten reactions, under the control of different enzymes, takes place to produce pyruvate from glucose.
Utilization of ATP During Glycolysis:
i. During the conversion of glucose into glucose-6-phosphate
ii. During the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1, 6-diphosphate.

OR
Oxidative phosphorylation is a metabolic pathway that uses energy released by the oxidation of nutrients to produce
adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Although the many forms of life on earth use a range of different nutrients, almost all carry out oxidative phosphorylation
to produce ATP, the molecule that supplies energy to metabolism.
This pathway is an efficient way of releasing energy, compared to alternative fermentation processes such as anaerobic
glycolysis.
During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are transferred from electron donors to electron acceptors such as oxygen, in
redox reactions. These redox reactions release energy, which is used to form ATP.
In eukaryotes, these redox reactions are carried out by a series of protein complexes within mitochondria, whereas, in
prokaryotes, these proteins are located in the cells' inner membranes. These linked sets of enzymes are called electron
transport chains.
33. Difference between Cell wall and Ribosomes of a prokaryotic and a Eukaryotic cell:
The cell wall of a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell Ribosomes of a Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cell

The cell wall of a prokaryote is rigid due to peptidoglycan or These are granular organelles not enclosed by any membrane.
murein. The well defined rigid cell wall is found in plant They lie freely in cytoplasm or attached to the ER. They may be
cells and fungi. It is composed of either chitin or cellulose, found in the mitochondrial matrix and chloroplast stroma. They
glycans, Galatians, mannans, and minerals (CaCO3), etc. In are sites of protein synthesis. They are composed of RNA and

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 higher plants (eukaryotes), it consists of primary, secondary proteins. Eukaryotic cells have larger ribosomes (80 S) than
and tertiary walls. prokaryotic cells (70 S).
OR
An animal cell has the following cell structures:
Plasma membrane
Endoplasmic reticulum
Mitochondria
Golgi body
Lysosomes
Ribosomes
Vacuoles
Nucleus
Centriole

i. Plasma Membrane: This is also known as cell membrane. Plasma membrane is made up of lipid and protein. It is semi-
permeable in nature. Certain substances are transported through plasma membrane by passive transport. Some substances get
transported by osmosis and some by active transport. Active transport involves use of some carrier to facilitate transport.
Apart from transport of materials, plasma membrane gives a shape and size to the animal cell.
ii. Endoplasmic Reticulum: These are networks of fine tubules extending from plasma membrane to nucleus. They work like
pipelines and facilitate transport of substances from outside the cell to nucleus and cytoplasm. Depending on presence or
absence of ribosomes ER can be either rough or smooth.
iii. Golgi Body: This is composed of many sack like structures stacked one over another. The function of golgi body is to package
different materials, like carbohydrate, protein and lipid.
iv. Lysosome: Lysosome is a small spherical structure filled with digestive enzymes. The digestive enzyme helps in digesting
foreign materials and waste products. Sometimes the lysosome digests the contents of cytoplasm which in turn kills the cell
itself. That is why lysosome is also known as 'suicide bag of the cell'.
v. Ribosome: Ribosomes are small dot-like structures. They are made of two subunits. The function of the ribosome is to
synthesize protein.
vi. Vacuoles: These are small fluid-filled structures. Vacuoles help in maintaining osmotic pressure inside the cell.
vii. Mitochondria: Mitochondria is a double membrane structure. The inner membrane is projected in finger-like structures,
called cristae. The presence of cristae helps in increasing the inner surface are of mitochondria. Aerobic respiration takes place
in the mitochondria and energy released is stored in the form of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate).
viii. Nucleus: Nucleus is covered by a nuclear membrane. The nucleus contains chromosomes which are genetic materials.
Nucleus also controls various functions of the cell.
ix. Centriole: These are spindle-like structures. During cell division, they form spindle fibres.

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