Aim

To assemble a household ciruit comprising three hulhs, three (on-offn switches, a fuse
power sourre.
and a

Apparatus

Three bulhs (6 V, I W cach), use of 0.6 A. Power source of 10 V with tappings of 4 V,

, SV and 10 V and a main switch.

O
O

a.c. Ammeter

M.S
Power 246
Source o
0 to 10 V Source of Supply
Fuse (0 to 0.75 A)
(a) (b)

Fig. 7.6. (a) Circuit diagram (b) Actual layout

Theory
Household circuit functions on the main supply of 220 V, 50 Hz and current ratings of 5A
for domestic supply for normal appliances bulbs, fluorescent tubes, fans etc.
Power Supply: 15 A for heavy load appliances - refrigerator, air conditioner. geyser, hot
plate etc.

Total power consumption P' at any time,

P P+ Pz +
Pz +

where P P» Pz . are powers drawn by various appliances

At a potential V, the current / drawn from the mains is

P VI i.e. I =

For P in watts and V in volts, I will be in amperes.

Normally, to protect the appliances from damage when unduly high currents are drawn.
fuse of a little higher rating, 10 to 20% higher than the current normally drawn, are
connected in series with the set of appliances.

Remember that in household circuits, all appliances are connected in PARALLEL with
a switch connected in series with each appliance in LIVE supply line.

Also for further safety, a suitable value MAINS FUSE is connected in series with the
Supply source. Note that fuse is a safety device, never use a fuse of higher rating than
the one recommended.
 Procedure
the heading Apparatus.
Procure the items listed under and S, respectively, and
1. switches S, S,
B, in series with 7.6 (a).
2 Connect the bulbs B,, B, and
with each other, Fi8.
parallel
cOnnect each set of bulb
and switch in source which mav
series with the power
M.S. and fuse F
in combination of
3. Connect the mains switch One end of the parallel
be a step-down transformer (0,
2 V, 4 V, 6 V). source and
other end on the
of the power
connected at one end
bulb-switch assembly is

other end of the power source.

circuit is complete.
to ensure that household
Cneck the circuit once again
1.0 W) each. The curTent drawn
usually of rating of (5 V,
lo test ihe fuse: Bulbs are

drawn should not exceed 0.6 A.

current
A. For three bulbs, the total
I
0.2
at about 0.6 A.
gradually to 0.75 A, the fuse must burn off
Increase the current

Conclusion
fuse of suitable
The household circuit assembly is complete and installed with the safety
value.

Precautions
transformer with tappings of 4 V, 6 V, 8 V and 10 V should be used.
1. Step-down
The safety fuse should be selected suitably.
the fuse
3. Bulbs of the stated ratings should be used. If these are not available, then
only
current is drawn, a fuse of much
selected should be of appropriate value. When large
higher ratingthan the calculated one will damage the whole line before itself blowing off.
 Activity No. A-3

Aim three bulbs, three (on-ofn

To assemble
and a
a household ciruit comprising
powYr s o u r r e .
switches, afuie
swite,

Apparatus
fuse of 0.6 A. power source of 10 V with
vith
Three bulhs (5 V. I W cach).
switch.
lappings
tan
of 4
y
6 V. 8 V and 10 \ and a main

/
7 o (A I
a.c. Ammeter

AS
o246
SoUrTe Source of Supply
t o 10 V Fuse (0 to 0.75 A)

Fig. 7.6. (a) Circuit diagram (b) Actual layout

Theory
Household circuit functions on the main supply of 220 V, 50 Hz and current ratings of SA
for normal appliances bulbs, fluorescent tubes, fans etc.
for domestic supply
Power Supply: 15 A for heavy load appliances refrigerator, air conditioner, geyser, hou
plate etc.

Total power consumption P" at any time,

P=P, +
P2+ P, +

where P. P2 Pz are powers drawn by various appliances

At a potential V', the current / drawn from the mains is

P
P V.I ie. l = :

For P in watts and V in volts, I will be in amperes.

drawn,
Normally, to protect the appliances from damage when unduly high currents are
are
fuse of a little higher rating, 10 to 20% higher than the current normally drawn,
connected in series with the set of appliances.
WIL
Remember that in household connected in PARALLEL
circuits, all appliances are

a switch connected in series with each appliance in LIVE supply line.

Also for further safety, a suitable value MAINS FUSE is connected in series win u
than
supply source. Note that fuse is a safety device, never use a fuse of higher rau
the one recommended.