Chapter 4 Coding Unit II

Choose the correct option

Question 1
Which of the following is a valid comment in Java language?

1. /*comment*//
2. /* comment
3. //comment
4. */ comment */

Answer
//comment
Reason — In Java, the comment statements are written using double slash (//).

Question 2
Which of the following is used to enclose a set of statements to form a compound statement
in Java program?

1. Parenthesis
2. Brackets
3. Curly brackets
4. All of them

Answer
Curly brackets
Reason — A set of two or more statements placed within curly brackets and executed
together is called compound statement.

Note — Here, there is a misprint in part (3). Curly bracket has been misprinted as square
brackets.

Question 3
Which of the following operators is essentially required while writing if statement?

1. Arithmetic
2. Relational
3. Bitwise
4. All of them
Answer
Relational

Reason — In if statement, to test whether a condition is true or not, Relational operators are
used.

Question 4
Due to which of the following errors, a program does not provide correct result although it
has no grammatical mistake?

1. Logical
2. Syntax
3. Type mismatch
4. None of the above

Answer
Logical
Reason — Logical error occurs when the logic is incorrect. Thus, the program does not
produce the desired result although it is syntactically correct and compiles and executes fine.

Question 5
A Java statement is given as:
if((a!=b)&&(a==c))
Which of the following statements is true?

1. b is the smallest number

2. b is the greatest number
3. a is the smallest number
4. Both (a) and (b)

Answer
Both (a) and (b)

Reason — The if condition checks that a and b are unequal and a and c are equal. Both these
conditions should be true then only if statement will execute. If a and b are unequal and a
and c are equal then b will either be the smallest number or the greatest number.

Question 6
Which of the following logical operators results in true when all the connecting conditions
are true?
 1. !
2. ||
3. &&
4. !=

Answer
&&

Reason — Logical AND results in true when all the connecting conditions are true.

State True or False

Question 1

Java programs can be compiled and executed on BlueJ platform.

True

Question 2
In assignment, the data values are readily available in Java program.
True

Question 3

The control skips some lines in a normal flow of control.

False

Question 4

In a decision making program, 'if' checks whether the condition is true or false.
True

Question 5
You can't assign data values in the main( ) function.
False

Question 6
In an if-else statement, the condition is to be defined only with if and not with else.
True
Predict the output of the given snippets, when executed

Question 1
int x = 1,y = 1;
if(n>0)
{
x=x+1;
y=y+1;
}
What will be the value of x and y, if n assumes a value (i) 1 (ii) 0?
Answer

Output

(i) When n is 1:
x is 2 and y is 2
(ii) When n is 0:
x is 1 and y is 1

Explanation

When n is 1, if (n>0) is true. So the statements x=x+1; and y=y+1; are

executed making the values of x and y as 2.
When n is 0, if (n>0) is false. Statements x=x+1; and y=y+1; are not executed
so values of x and y remain 1.

Question 2
int b=3,k,r;
float a=15.15,c=0;
if(k==1)
{
r=(int)a/b;
System.out.println(r);
}
else
{
c=a/b;
System.out.println(c);
}

Output

Syntax Error
Explanation
There are 2 syntax errors in this program:

1. Variable k is not initialized with any value before using it in the if check.
2. The statement float a=15.15 has a syntax error. We are trying to assign a
double literal to a float variable. The correct statement will be float
a=15.15f.

Correct the errors in the given programs

Question 1
class public
{
public static void main(String args{})
{
int a=45,b=70,c=65.45;
sum=a+b;
diff=c-b;
System.out.println(sum,diff);
}
}
Answer

Errors in the snippet

1. Name of the class can't be public as public is a keyword.

2. Argument of main function should be an array of Strings.
3. We cannot assign 65.45 to c as c is an int variable and 65.45 is a floating-
point literal.
4. Variable sum is not defined.
5. Variable diff is not defined.
6. println method takes a single argument.

Corrected Program
class A //1st correction
{
public static void main(String args[]) //2nd correction
{
int a=45,b=70;
double c=65.45; //3rd correction
int sum=a+b; //4th correction
double diff=c-b; //5th correction
System.out.println(sum + " " + diff); //6th correction
}
}

Question 2
class Simplify
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
int a,b,c,d;
a=10,b=5,c=1;
c=2a+2b;
d=(a+b)2;
p=c/d;
System.out.println(c , d , p);
}
}

Answer

Errors in the snippet

1. Multiple variable assignment statements cannot be separated by a comma.

Semicolon should be used instead.
2. The line c=2a+2b needs an operator between 2 and a, 2 and b.
3. The line d=(a+b)2 needs an operator between (a+b) and 2.
4. Variable p is not defined.
5. println method takes a single argument.

Corrected Program
class Simplify
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
int a,b,c,d;
a=10;b=5;c=1; //1st correction
c=2*a+2*b; //2nd correction
d=(a+b) / 2; //3rd correction
int p=c/d; //4th correction
System.out.println(c + " " + d + " " + p); //5th correction
}
}
Case-Study Based Question

Question 1
It is possible that the user may not be able to write an error-free program at one
go. Due to this reason, debugging is significant. Debugging is used to eliminate
errors from a program. Some of the examples describing the errors are given
below:

(a) A number divided by zero.

(b) The user has applied multiplication sign, instead of division sign.

(c) Sum of p and q is to be divided by their difference using the statement p+q/p-q.
(d) While writing a Java statement, the user forgot to terminate the statement using
semicolon.

Based on the above case, answer the following questions:

1. What is the type of error in (a)?

i. Syntax Error
ii. Logical error
iii. Runtime error
iv. Execution error

2. What is the type of error in (b)?

i. Logical error
ii. Syntax error
iii. Compiler error
iv. Execution error

3. What is the type of error in (c)?

i. Logical error
ii. Syntax error
iii. Runtime error
iv. Execution error

4. What is the type of error in (d)?

i. Syntax error
ii. Logical error
iii. Runtime error
iv. Compilation error

Answer

1. Runtime error
2. Logical error
 3. Logical error
4. Syntax error

Answer the following questions

Question 1
Write the syntax of 'if' statement.

Answer

The syntax of 'if' statement is as follows:

if(condition )
Statement

OR

if(condition)
{
Statement 1
Statement 2
:
:
Statement n
}

Question 2
What is a compound statement? Give an example.

Answer

A set of two or more statements which are executed together and are placed within
curly brackets { } is called compound statement.

For example,
int n=5;
if(n>0)
{
System.out.println(n);
n=n-1;
}
In this snippet, the statements System.out.println(n); and n=n-1; are
compound statements as they will be executed only when the condition of if is true.

Question 3
Define the following:
(a) Normal flow of control

(b) Conditional flow of control

Answer

(a) Normal flow of control

It is a sequential movement of the control from one statement to another from

beginning to the end of the program. It is the simplest way of executing a program,
where there is no restriction on flow of control during the process.
(b) Conditional flow of control

Sometimes, it may happen that a statement or a set of statements is executed only

when a given condition results in true. However, if the condition results in false,
then these statements are ignored and the control moves forward to the next
statement of the program. This type of flow of control is known as the conditional
flow of control and the statements are known as the decision making statements.
It can be achieved by using the following statements:

1. if statement
2. if-else statement
3. if-else-if statement

Question 4

Write down the syntax of the following with reference to Java Programming:
(a) to accept an integer value using main( )
(b) to accept a fractional number using main( )

Answer

(a) public static void main(int variable_name)

(b) public static void main(float variable_name)

Question 5

What are the different types of errors that may occur during the execution of a
program?

Answer
Logical errors and Run-Time errors occur during the execution of the program.

Question 6
Distinguish between Syntax error and Logical error.
Answer

Syntax Errors Logical Errors

Syntax Errors occur when we violate the rules of Logical Errors occur due to our
writing the statements of the programming
language. mistakes in programming logic.

Program compiles and executes

Program fails to compile and execute.
but doesn't give the desired output.

Logic errors need to be found and

Syntax Errors are caught by the compiler. corrected by the people working
on the program.

Question 7

Explain the following:

(a) if-else construct

(b) if-else-if construct

Answer

(a) if-else construct

In if-else construct, the user defines the statements to be executed when the
condition results in true or false. If the given condition results in true, the
statements in the 'if' block are executed and if the given condition results in false,
the statements in the 'else' block are executed.

The syntax of if-else construct is as follows:

if(condition)
Statement 1 //executed if condition is true
else
Statement 2 //executed if condition is false
(b) if-else-if construct
It is used when more than one condition are to be evaluated and only one of them
is true.

The syntax of if-else-if construct is as follows:

if(condition 1)
Statement 1 //executed if condition 1 is true
else if(condition 2)
Statement 2 //executed if condition 2 is true
else
Statement 3 //executed if both conditions 1 and 2 are false
When 'condition 1' is 'True' then it will execute statement 1. In case 'condition 1' is
false, the control will move to 'else if' part and will check 'condition 2'. If it is true,
the control will execute 'Statement 2' otherwise it will execute 'Statement 3'.

Solutions to unsolved programs

Question 1

Write a program to calculate and display the value of the given expression:
(a2+b2)/(a-b),when a=20, b=15
public class KboatEvalExp
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
int a = 20, b = 15;
double result;
result = (a * a + b * b) / (a - b);
System.out.println("Result = " + result);
}
}

Output
Question 2
Write a program to calculate the gross salary of an employee when
Basic Salary = Rs.8600
DA = 20% of Salary
HRA = 10% of Salary
CTA = 12% of the Salary.
Gross Salary = (Salary + DA + HRA + CTA)
Display the basic and gross salary.
public class KboatSalary
{
public static void main(String args[]) {
int sal = 8600;
double da = 20 / 100.0 * sal;
double hra = 10 / 100.0 * sal;
double cta = 12 / 100.0 * sal;
double gross = sal + da + hra + cta;
System.out.println("Gross Salary = " + gross);
}
}

Output
Question 3
Write a program to accept Principal, Rate and Time. Calculate and display the
interest accumulated for the first year, second year and the third year compound
annually.

Sample Input:
Principal = ₹5,000, Rate = 10% per annum, Time = 3 years

Sample Output:
Interest for the first year: ₹500
Interest for the second year: ₹550
Interest for the third year: ₹605

public class KboatInterest

{
public static void main(double p, double r, int t) {
double i1 = p * r * 1 / 100.0;
double amt = p + i1;
System.out.println("Interest for the first year: " + i1);

double i2 = amt * r * 1 / 100.0;

amt = amt + i2;
System.out.println("Interest for the second year: " + i2);

double i3 = amt * r * 1 / 100.0;

amt = amt + i3;
System.out.println("Interest for the third year: " + i3);
}
}
Output

Question 4

A shopkeeper announces two successive discounts 20% and 10% on purchasing

of goods on the marked price. Write a program to input marked price. Calculate
and display the selling price of the article.
public class KboatSuccessiveDiscount
{
public static void main(double mp) {
double d1 = mp * 20 / 100.0;
double amt1 = mp - d1;

double d2 = amt1 * 10 / 100.0;

double amt2 = amt1 - d2;

System.out.print("Selling Price = " + amt2);

}
}
Output

Question 5
Write a program to input two unequal numbers. Display the numbers after
swapping their values in the variables without using a third variable.
Sample Input: a=23, b= 56
Sample Output: a=56, b=23

public class KboatNumberSwap

{
public static void main(int a, int b) {
a = a + b;
b = a - b;
a = a - b;

System.out.println("Numbers after Swap:");

System.out.println("a = " + a + "\t" + "b = " + b);
}
}
Output

Question 6

Write a program to input the temperature in Celsius and then convert it into
Fahrenheit. If the temperature in Fahrenheit is more than 98.6°F then display
"Fever", otherwise "Normal".
public class KboatTemperature
{
public static void main(double cel) {

double far = 1.8 * cel + 32;

if (far > 98.6)

System.out.println("Fever");
else
System.out.println("Normal");
}
}
Output

Question 7
Write a program to accept the marks, obtained in five different subjects (English,
Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Maths) by a student and find the average marks. If
the average is 80 or more, then display he/she is eligible to get "Computer
Science', otherwise "Biology".
public class KboatMarks
{
public static void main(int eng, int phy, int chem,
int bio, int math)
{
double avg = (eng + phy + chem + bio + math) / 5.0;

if (avg >= 80) {

System.out.println("Eligible for Computer Science");
}
else {
System.out.println("Eligible for Biology");
}
 }
}

Output

Question 8
'Mega Market' has announced festival discounts on the purchase of items, based
on the total cost of the items purchased:

Total cost Discount

Up to ₹2,000 5%

₹2,001 to ₹5,000 10%

₹5,001 to ₹10,000 15%

Above ₹10,000 20%

Write a program to input the total cost. Display the discount and amount to be paid
after discount.
public class KboatDiscount
{
public static void main(double c) {
int d = 0;

if (c <= 2000)
d = 5;
else if (c <= 5000)
d = 10;
else if (c <= 10000)
d = 15;
else
d = 20;

double disc = c * d / 100.0;

double amt = c - disc;

System.out.println("Discount: " + disc);

System.out.println("Amount to be paid: " + amt);
}
}

Output
 Chapter 4 Coding Unit III
Choose the correct option

Question 1

For which of the following purposes, the Scanner class is used?

1. To display a value
2. To find square root of a number
3. To input a value
4. To find maximum of two numbers

Answer

To input a value

Reason — The Scanner class allows the user to input values of different data types.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true for nextDouble( )?

1. It accepts an integer type value

2. It accepts a double type value
3. It accepts a float type value
4. It accepts a long type value

Answer

It accepts a double type value

Reason — nextDouble( ) method receives a double type value and stores it in a double
type variable.

Question 3

Which of the following does not find the square of a number?

1. Math.pow(a,2)
2. a*a
3. Math.sqrt(a,2)
4. a**2

Answer

Math.sqrt(a,2) and a**2

Reason — Math.sqrt(a,2) finds square root of the number. a**2 is an invalid expression
in Java. It will cause a syntax error.

Question 4

What type of value is returned by Math.sqrt( )?

1. int
2. float
3. double
4. long

Answer

double

Reason — Return type of Math.sqrt( ) is double.

Question 5

Which of the following functions will find the square root of a number 'a'?

1. sqrt(a)
2. Math.sqrt(a)
3. Squareroot(a)
4. √a

Answer

Math.sqrt(a)

Reason — Math.sqrt() function is used to find the square root of a positive number.

Question 6

Which of the following package will you import to use Scanner class?

1. java_util;
2. Scanner.class;
3. java.util;
4. java.scanner.util;

Answer

java.util;

Reason — The Scanner class is available in the system package java.util. One must
import java.util package to avail the facilities of the Scanner class.
 Fill in the blanks

Question 1

A class of JDK 1.5 version used to accept the values from the keyboard is known
as Scanner.

Question 2

java.util package is necessary to be imported in order to use Scanner class.

Question 3

A function of Scanner class used to input integer numbers is nextInt().

Question 4

The function Math.sqrt( ) will result in square root of a number.

Question 5

System.in receives the input from the keyboard for the Scanner object.

Question 6

nextDouble() is a function to input a double type value.

State True or False

Question 1

The Scanner class is a useful package of JDK 1.5.

False

Question 2

Integers can even be input without using the Scanner object.

True

Question 3

The word 'new' is a keyword used for dynamic allocation.

True

Question 4

The Math.max( ) function always returns double type value.

False
Question 5

The nextFloat( ) can also accept an integer number.

True

Question 6

The Math.min( ) can also find the minimum of three numbers.

False

Predict the output for the following snippets

Question 1

int x = 1,y = 1;
if(n > 0)
{
x = x + 1;
y = y + 1;
}
System.out.println(x + " , " + y);
What will be the values of x and y, if the value of n is given as:
(i) 1
(ii) 0 ?

Output

(i) When n is 1:
x is 2 and y is 2

(ii) When n is 0:
x is 1 and y is 1

Explanation

When n is 1, if (n>0) is true. So the statements x=x+1; and y=y+1; are executed making
the values of x and y as 2.
When n is 0, if (n>0) is false. Statements x=x+1; and y=y+1; are not executed so values
of x and y remain 1.

Question 2

int a = 20, b=15;

if ( a > 10 )
{
a = a++;
b++;
}
System.out.println( a + "," + b);
What will be the values of a and b when executed?

Output

20,16

Explanation

The value of a is 20 and b is 16. The condition (a > 10) is true, so the execution enters
the if block. The statement a = a++; increments the value of a by 1 after the assignment.
So a remains unchanged as we are assigning the original value of a (which is 20) back
to a. The value of b is incremented by 1 so b becomes 16.

Explain the following Java functions with an example

Question 1

Math.pow( )

Answer

In Java, Math.pow( ) function returns the value of the first argument raised to the
power of the second argument.

Syntax

<Return data type> <variable> = Function name (argument 1, argument 2);

double <variable> = Math.pow(arg1, arg2);

For example, consider the statement

double d = Math.pow(3, 2);

It will raise 3 to the power of 2 (3 * 3) and return a double type value for d as 9.0.

Question 2

Math.sqrt( )

Answer

This function is used to find the square root of a positive number. It will always return a
double type value.
Syntax

<Return data type><variable> = Function name (Positive number);

double <variable> = Math.sqrt(arg);

For example, consider the statement

double n = Math.sqrt(25);
It will return a double type value for n as 5.0.

Question 3

Math.min( )

Answer

This function is used to return the minimum of two numbers. It returns an int value if
both of its arguments are int otherwise it returns a double value.

Syntax

<Return data type><variable> = Function name (argument 1, argument 2);

double <variable> = Math.min(doubleArg1, doubleArg2);

int <variable> = Math.min(intArg1, intArg2);

For example, consider the statement

int n = Math.min(91, 89);

It will return the min value for n as 89.

The statement

double d = Math.min(52, 89.7);

will return a double type value for d as 52.0

Answer the following

Question 1

What do you mean by the Scanner class?

Answer
The Scanner class is one of the ways to input data values into the computer using Java
language. It is defined inside the java.util package. It provides various next methods to
accept values of different data types as input from the user through the keyboard.

Question 2

What is the need to input a value to the computer?

Answer

Some of the reasons why a program might need to accept input values from a user are:

1. To allow the program to perform calculations or processes using data provided

by the user.
2. To enable the program to make decisions or take actions based on user input.
3. To allow the program to interact with the user and receive commands or
instructions.
4. To change the behaviour of the program making it more specific to the user's
needs based on the input data.

Question 3

Write syntax along with an example to create a Scanner object.

Answer

Syntax to create a Scanner object is:

Scanner sc = new Scanner (System.in);

Here, sc is an object of Scanner type.
For example, the below program creates an object of Scanner class and uses it to input
an integer value:

import java.util.*;
class KboatScannerExample
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
int num;
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
num = sc.nextInt();
System.out.println(num);
}
}

Question 4

Write the use of nextInt( ) method.

Answer

The method nextInt( ) is used to input an integer number and store it in an integer type
variable.

Syntax

int <variable> = <scannerObject>.nextInt( );

For example,

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

int p = in.nextInt();
This signifies that the variable p will store an integer number.

Question 5

Name the package to be imported while using the Scanner class.

Answer

The package java.util needs to be imported while using the Scanner class.

Question 6

In what way can the following data be read from the Scanner object?

(a) Integer type

(b) Float type

(c) Double type

Answer

(a) We can read an integer type value by using the nextInt( ) method of Scanner class.

Syntax

int <variable> = <scannerObject>.nextInt( );

For example,

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

int i = in.nextInt();
Here, an integer type value is stored in variable i.
(b) We can read a float type value by using the nextFloat( ) method of Scanner class.

Syntax

int <variable> = <scannerObject>.nextFloat( );

For example,
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
float f = in.nextFloat();
Here, a float type value is stored in variable f.
(c) We can read a double type value by using the nextDouble( ) method of Scanner
class.

Syntax

int <variable> = <scannerObject>.nextDouble( );

For example,

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

double d = in.nextDouble();
Here, a double type value is stored in variable d

Solutions to unsolved programs

Question 1

Write a program in Java to input two numbers (say, n and m) using the Scanner class.
Display the results of n raised to the power m (n m) and mn.

import java.util.*;
public class KboatExponent
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
int n, m;
double expo;
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter a number (n): ");

n = in.nextInt();

System.out.print("Enter a number (m): ");

m = in.nextInt();

expo = Math.pow(n,m);
System.out.println(n + " raised to the power "
+ m + " = " + expo);

expo = Math.pow(m,n);
System.out.println(m + " raised to the power "
+ n + " = " + expo);
}
}
Output

Question 2

Write a program in Java to input perpendicular and base of a right angle triangle using
the Scanner class. Calculate and display its hypotenuse using the formula given below:
h = √(p2 + b2)

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatHypotenuse

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter Perpendicular: ");
double p = in.nextDouble();
System.out.print("Enter Base: ");
double b = in.nextDouble();

double h = Math.sqrt(Math.pow(p, 2) + Math.pow(b, 2));

System.out.println("Hypotenuse = " + h);

}
}

Output
Question 3

A shopkeeper offers 30% discount on purchasing articles, whereas the other

shopkeeper offers two successive discounts 20% and 10% for purchasing the same
articles. Write a program in Java to compute and display which is a better offer for a
customer. Take the price of an article as the input using the Scanner class.

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatDiscounts

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter price of article: ");
double price = in.nextDouble();

double d1 = price * 30 / 100.0;

double amt1 = price - d1;
System.out.println("30% discount = " + d1);
System.out.println("Amount after 30% discount = " + amt1);

double d2 = price * 20 / 100.0;

double amt2 = price - d2;
double d3 = amt2 * 10 / 100.0;
amt2 -= d3;
System.out.println("20% discount = " + d2);
System.out.println("10% discount = " + d3);
System.out.println("Amount after successive discounts = " + amt2);

if (amt1 < amt2) {

 System.out.println("30% discount is a better offer");
}
else if (amt2 < amt1) {
System.out.println("Successive discounts are a better offer");
}
else {
System.out.println("Both offers are equal");
}
}
}

Output

Question 4

Write a program in Java to accept the cost price and the selling price of an article
using the Scanner class. Check whether it incurs a profit or a loss. If profit happens,
then find and display profit percent, else display loss percent.

[Hint: Profit percent = (Profit/cp)*100, Loss percent = (Loss/cp)*100]

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatProfit

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
 System.out.print("Enter cost price of the article: ");
double cp = in.nextDouble();
System.out.print("Enter selling price of the article: ");
double sp = in.nextDouble();
double pl = sp - cp;
double percent = Math.abs(pl) / cp * 100;
if (pl > 0) {
System.out.println("Profit = " + pl);
System.out.println("Profit % = " + percent);
}
else if (pl < 0) {
System.out.println("Loss = " + Math.abs(pl));
System.out.println("Loss % = " + percent);
}
else {
System.out.println("Neither profit nor loss");
}
}
}

Output
Question 5

A triangle is said to be an 'Equable Triangle' if the area of the triangle is equal to its
perimeter. Write a program to enter three sides of a triangle using the Scanner class.
Check and display whether the triangle is equable or not.
For example, a right angled triangle with perpendicular, base and height as 5, 12 and
13 respectively has its area and perimeter same as 30.

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatEquableTriangle

{
public static void main(String args[]) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println("Please enter the 3 sides of the triangle.");

System.out.print("Enter the first side: ");

double a = in.nextDouble();

System.out.print("Enter the second side: ");

double b = in.nextDouble();

System.out.print("Enter the third side: ");

double c = in.nextDouble();

double p = a + b + c;
double s = p / 2;
double area = Math.sqrt(s * (s - a) * (s - b) * (s - c));

if (area == p)
System.out.println("Entered triangle is equable.");
else
System.out.println("Entered triangle is not equable.");
 }
}

Output

Question 6

A special two-digit number is such that when the sum of its digits is added to the
product of its digits, the result is equal to the original two-digit number.
Write a program to accept a two-digit number using the Scanner class. Check and
display whether it is a special two-digit number or not.
Sample Input: 59
Sum of digits = 5 + 9 = 14
Product of digits = 5 * 9 = 45
Total of the sum of digits and product of digits = 14 + 45 = 59 .
Hence, 59 is a special two digit number.

import java.util.*;

public class KboatSpecialNumber

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter a 2 digit number: ");

int num = in.nextInt();

int d1 = num % 10;

int d2 = num / 10;

int digitSum = d1 + d2;

int digitProduct = d1 * d2;
int sum = digitSum + digitProduct;

if (sum == num) {
 System.out.println(num + " is a Special 2-digit number");
}
else {
System.out.println(num + " is not a Special 2-digit number");
}

}
}

Output

Question 7

A library charges a fine for returning a book late after the due date as per the
conditions given below:

No. of days Fine

First five days ₹ 2.00 per day

Six to ten days ₹ 5.00 per day

 No. of days Fine

Above ten days ₹ 10.00 per day

Design a program in Java assuming that a book is returned N days late. Input the value
of N using the Scanner class. Calculate and display the fine to be paid to the library.

import java.util.*;

public class KboatLibraryFine

{
public static void main(String args[])
{
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter the number of days : ");

int n = in.nextInt();

double fine = 0.0;

if (n <= 5)
fine = n * 2.0 ;
else if (n <= 10)
fine = 10 + (n - 5) * 5.0 ;
else
fine = 10 + 25 + (n - 10) * 10 ;

System.out.println("Fine to be paid = ₹" + fine);

}
}

Output
 Case-Study Based Question

Question 1

Mohit wanted to design a program using scanner class. Due to some confusion, he
could not complete the program and has left some places marked with (i), (ii), (iii)
and (iv) to be filled with the keywords/expression, as given below:
(i) java.util;
class Sample
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
(ii) num;
Scanner inp = (iii) Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter a number:");
num=(iv);
if(n % 2 == 0):
System.out.println("Even number");
else:
System.out.println("Odd number");
}
}
Help him to complete the program by answering the following questions:

(a) What keyword/expression will be filled in place of (i)?

(b) What keyword/expression will be filled in place of (ii)?

(c) What keyword/expression will be filled in place of (iii)?

(d) What keyword/expression will be filled in place of (iv)?

Answer

(a) import

(b) int

(c) new

(d) inp.nextInt();

Explain the following Java functions with an example

Question 1

Math.pow( )

Answer
In Java, Math.pow( ) function returns the value of the first argument raised to the
power of the second argument.

Syntax
<Return data type> <variable> = Function name (argument 1,
argument 2);

double <variable> = Math.pow(arg1, arg2);

For example, consider the statement
double d = Math.pow(3, 2);
It will raise 3 to the power of 2 (3 * 3) and return a double type value for d as 9.0.

Question 2

Math.sqrt( )

Answer

This function is used to find the square root of a positive number. It will always return
a double type value.
Syntax
<Return data type><variable> = Function name (Positive
number);

double <variable> = Math.sqrt(arg);

For example, consider the statement
double n = Math.sqrt(25);
It will return a double type value for n as 5.0.

Question 3

Math.min( )

Answer

This function is used to return the minimum of two numbers. It returns an int value if
both of its arguments are int otherwise it returns a double value.

Syntax
<Return data type><variable> = Function name (argument 1,
argument 2);

double <variable> = Math.min(doubleArg1, doubleArg2);

int <variable> = Math.min(intArg1, intArg2);

For example, consider the statement
int n = Math.min(91, 89);
It will return the min value for n as 89.

The statement
double d = Math.min(52, 89.7);
will return a double type value for d as 52.0