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Define Operating System and Its Objectives.

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Define Operating System and Its Objectives.

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Define Operating System and its objectives.

Operating System (OS)


An Operating System (OS) is a software that acts as an intermediary
between computer hardware and the user. It manages hardware resources,
provides a user interface, and enables the execution of application software.
Essentially, it is the backbone of a computer system, ensuring that all
components work together seamlessly.

Objectives of an Operating System

1. Resource Management:

Memory Management: Allocates and manages the computer’s


primary memory (RAM) for various applications and
processes.
Processor Management: Schedules processes and allocates
CPU time to ensure efficient execution of tasks.
Device Management: Controls and manages input/output
devices such as printers, keyboards, and monitors.

2. Process Management:

Process Scheduling: Determines the order in which processes


are executed by the CPU.
Multitasking: Allows multiple processes to run
simultaneously by sharing CPU time.
Process Synchronization: Ensures that processes do not
interfere with each other and run smoothly.

3. File Management:

File System Organization: Manages the creation, deletion,


and organization of files and directories.
Access Control: Implements permissions and security
measures to protect files from unauthorized access.

4. Security and Access Control:


User Authentication: Verifies the identity of users before
granting access to the system.
Data Protection: Implements security policies and encryption
to protect data from unauthorized access and breaches.

5. User Interface:

Graphical User Interface (GUI): Provides a visual interface


with icons, windows, and menus for user interaction.
Command-Line Interface (CLI): Allows users to interact
with the system through text-based commands.

6. Networking:

Network Management: Manages network connections and


communication between computers.
Internet Access: Provides support for internet connectivity and
network protocols.

7. Job Accounting:

Resource Tracking: Keeps track of resource usage by various


processes and users.
Billing and Reporting: Generates reports on resource
consumption for billing and analysis.

8. Error Detection and Handling:

System Monitoring: Continuously monitors the system for


errors and malfunctions.
Error Recovery: Implements mechanisms to recover from
errors and maintain system stability.

The primary goal of an operating system is to provide an environment in


which a user can execute programs conveniently and efficiently.

If you have any more questions or need further details, feel free to ask!

: GeeksforGeeks : Britannica : Javatpoint

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