English for Academic and Professional Purposes

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
S.Y. 2024-2025

Name:_______________________________________ Strand:___________________________

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. A student is writing a research paper for their academic English class. They need to ensure that their paper follows the standards of
academic text. Which of the following steps should the student prioritize?
A. Use informal language and colloquial expressions to make the text more accessible.
B. Include personal anecdotes to make the text more engaging and relatable to the reader.
C. Cite credible sources properly and include relevant theories related to the specific academic discipline.
D. Structure the paper with a clear introduction, body, and conclusion, ensuring all ideas are coherent and well-organized.
2. A lawyer is preparing a legal brief for court and must use precise legal language. What should the lawyer focus on to maintain
professionalism in the document?
A. Use technical legal terminology and avoid ambiguous language.
B. Add humor and casual phrases to make the document more engaging.
C. Follow the structured format for legal documents, ensuring clarity and formality.
D. Use everyday vocabulary to make the legal text understandable to a general audience.
3. A medical student is learning to write patient reports using medical language. Which of the following should they focus on when
documenting a case?
A. Include detailed personal stories from the patient to provide context.
B. Simplify the report for the patient’s family by avoiding technical terms.
C. Use precise medical terminology to describe the patient’s symptoms and diagnosis.
D. Organize the report clearly with sections for history, examination, diagnosis, and treatment plan.
4. A business manager is preparing a presentation for a corporate meeting. What should they prioritize to make the presentation
professional and effective?
A. Use business terminology and present data to support arguments.
B. Include humor and casual language to keep the audience entertained.
C. Organize the presentation logically with clear headings and subheadings.
D. Tailor the presentation to the needs and expectations of the corporate audience.
5. An advertising executive is creating a marketing campaign for a new product. Which approach should they take to ensure the
campaign is effective and professional?
A. Use informal, casual language to make the product seem approachable and fun.
B. Focus on the technical specifications of the product to demonstrate its superiority.
C. Create a structured campaign with clear objectives, target audience, and key messages.
D. Use persuasive language that appeals to the emotions and desires of the target audience
6. A policy analyst is writing a report on the impact of a new government policy. What should they include to make the report
comprehensive and credible?
A. Structure the report with an executive summary, body, and conclusion.
B. Include data from reliable sources to support claims made in the report.
C. Focus on personal opinions about the policy to engage readers emotionally.
D. Provide a detailed analysis of the policy’s potential social, economic, and political impacts.
7. You are given a long research article on climate change, and your task is to write a summary. To ensure your summary is concise and
covers the essential points, what steps should you take?
A. Clarify your purpose, read and understand the text, and underline key ideas.
B. Write key ideas in bullet points, use transitional devices, and combine them into a paragraph.
C. Copy sentences from the text directly and add comments on why you think they are important.
D. Highlight key phrases, avoid adding personal comments, and check your work against the original text.
8. You are reading an article and want to create a concise summary without missing key information. What is the best approach to take
while reading?
A. Annotate the text, underline key ideas, and map out the connections between them.
B. Take note of key phrases, write them in a notebook, and check for redundant ideas.
C. Read the text quickly, summarize as you go, and add your opinion on the information.
D. Focus on the main idea of the text, avoid copying sentences, and use cohesive transitional devices.
9. You have written a draft summary of a book chapter, but it feels lengthy and includes several repeated ideas. What should you do
next to improve the summary?
A. Add more examples from the text to strengthen the summary and make it longer.
B. Eliminate redundant ideas, edit the draft for clarity, and compare it with the original text.
C. Clarify your purpose and ensure that you focus on capturing the main idea and supporting details.
D. Ensure that no sentence is copied from the original, and that all ideas flow logically with the use of transitional devices.
10. You are tasked with summarizing a newspaper article about a recent election. What should your summary include to be effective?
A. The gist or main idea of the article and relevant supporting details.
B. Direct quotes from politicians mentioned in the article to add more detail.
C. The main results of the election and any important events leading up to it.
D. A few key phrases that represent the overall tone and message of the article.
11. You are reading a historical article that outlines key events leading up to a famous revolution. The article begins with early political
unrest, then moves on to protests, and finally details the climactic events of the revolution. What is the best way to identify the text
structure in this article, and how does it help with comprehension?
A. Cause and Effect Structure
B. Compare and Contrast Structure
 C. Definition/Description Structure
D. Chronological/Sequence Structure
12. A science article explains how climate change is increasing global temperatures, which in turn is melting glaciers. The article goes on
to detail how this is causing sea levels to rise, leading to coastal flooding. Which text structure is most likely used in this article, and how
does understanding it aid in comprehension?
A. Narrative Structure
B. Cause and Effect Structure
C. Problem/Solution Structure
D. Chronological/Sequence Structure
13. You are reading a persuasive essay about the lack of affordable housing in urban areas. The author first outlines the extent of the
problem, describing how rising rents are pushing people out of cities. The essay then proposes several solutions, such as rent control
policies and affordable housing initiatives. What text structure is being used in this essay, and how does it guide your understanding of
the topic?

A. Narrative Structure
B. Cause and Effect Structure
C. Problem/Solution Structure
D. Compare and Contrast Structure
14. You are reading a textbook that discusses the differences between capitalism and socialism. The text outlines how capitalism
emphasizes private ownership and free markets, while socialism focuses on collective ownership and state control of resources. It
highlights similarities and differences between the two systems. What text structure is likely used in this textbook, and how can
recognizing it help you better analyze the content?
A. Problem/Solution Structure
B. Compare and Contrast Structure
C. Definition/Description Structure
D. Chronological/Sequence Structure
15. A report on public health highlights the growing problem of antibiotic resistance. The report explains how the misuse of antibiotics
in both healthcare and agriculture is contributing to the rise of drug-resistant bacteria, and suggests that limiting unnecessary
prescriptions and improving hygiene in hospitals could help mitigate the issue. What text structure is being used in this public health
report, and how does recognizing it clarify the message?
A. Problem/Solution Structure
B. Cause and Effect Structure
C. Definition/Description Structure
D. Compare and Contrast Structure
16. You are writing a research paper and need to paraphrase this sentence: “A group of scientists conducted experiments to test a new
medical treatment.” Which paraphrase follows the correct steps for paraphrasing?
A. Medical treatments are being tested by a group of scientists.
B. Scientists carried out experiments to test a novel medical treatment.
C. Tests were conducted by scientists on a new treatment for medical conditions.
D. A team of researchers conducted tests on a new treatment for medical conditions.
17. You are paraphrasing for an essay on education. The original sentence states: “In the near future, they will build a new university
campus.” Which paraphrase is the most appropriate?
A. In the future, a new university campus will be built.
B. A new university campus will be constructed soon.
C. They will construct a new university campus soon.
D. A huge university campus is going to be built someday.
18. You are given the task to paraphrase the sentence: “An unhealthy lifestyle can lead to a variety of diseases.” Which option
represents the best paraphrase?
A. A healthy lifestyle prevents all diseases
B. A variety of diseases can result from an unhealthy lifestyle.
C. Many diseases can result from living an unhealthy lifestyle.
D. Living in an unhealthy way can cause a wide range of diseases.
19. You are required to paraphrase the sentence: “The entrance exam was failed by over one-third of the applicants.”
Which of the following would be the best paraphrase?
A. A majority of the applicants failed the exam.
B. Over one-third of the applicants failed the entrance exam.
C. More than 30% of applicants did not pass the entrance exam.
D. The exam was failed by more than one-third of the applicants.
20. You have been asked to create an outline for an article titled “The Benefits of Regular Exercise.” You are structuring your ideas,
starting with the main topics and subtopics. Which of the following options correctly demonstrates how to structure an outline?

A. I. Physical Benefits of Exercise

A. Improved Cardiovascular Health
B. Increased Muscle Strength
1. Better Flexibility

B. I. Physical Benefits
A. Better Heart Health
B. Weight Loss
C. I. Benefits of Exercise
A. Physical Benefits
 1. Improved Heart Health
2. Stronger Muscles
D. I. Physical Benefits of Exercise
A. Cardiovascular Health
1. Improve heart rate
21. You are tasked with outlining a research paper on climate change. After writing your outline, you review it to ensure it adheres to
the proper format. Which of the following examples follows the correct indentation and formatting rules for an outline?

A. I. Causes of Climate Change

A. Industrial Activities
1. Greenhouse Gas Emissions
2. Fossil Fuel Use

B. I. Causes of Climate Change

A. Industrial Activities
1. Greenhouse Gas Emissions

C. I. Effects of Climate Change

A. Rising Global Temperatures
B. Melting Polar Ice
D. I. Causes of Climate Change
A. Emissions
B. Fossil Fuels

22. You are debating with a classmate about the importance of climate action. Your classmate says, "Everyone is switching to electric
cars, so it must be the best option." Which fallacy is your classmate using in this argument?

A. Red Herring
B. Bandwagon Fallacy
C. Either-Or Reasoning
D. Hasty Generalization
23. During a class discussion on cultural diversity, a student says, "I saw a tourist from France being rude at the restaurant yesterday, so
I guess French people are generally rude." What fallacy is the student committing?
A. Attack on a Person
B. Bandwagon Fallacy
C. Either-Or Reasoning
D. Hasty Generalization
24. In a political debate, a candidate is asked about their economic policy. Instead of answering the question, they say, "We shouldn't
even be talking about this when there is a huge crime problem in the city!" What fallacy is the candidate using?
A. Attack on a Person
B. Bandwagon Fallacy
C. Either-Or Reasoning
D. Red Herring
25. You overhear a conversation where someone says, "You should vote for this candidate because the other one is always late to
meetings and can't manage time." What fallacy is being committed here?
A. Attack on a Person.
B. Either-Or Reasoning
C. Hasty Generalization
D. Red Herring
26. You are asked to write a critique on a research article about climate change, but your instructor emphasizes that your critique must
go beyond simply summarizing the paper. What should be your primary focus in writing the critique?
A. Summarize the article without adding any personal opinion or analysis.
B. Analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the research methods and arguments.
C. Discuss the assumptions made by the author and whether they are explicitly addressed.
D. Evaluate how well the information supports the thesis or arguments presented in the article.
27. You are reviewing an art exhibition and need to write a critique. Your instructor suggests structuring your critique to include
sections such as introduction, summary, review, and conclusion. You start writing the introduction. What should you include in this
section?
A. Detailed analysis of the specific artworks in the exhibition.
B. A preview of your conclusions about the effectiveness of the exhibition.
C. A brief summary of the exhibition’s main theme and the artist’s intention.
D. The title of the exhibition, the artist’s name, and a thesis statement previewing your analysis.
28. You are asked to write a critique on a journal article. After summarizing the article’s main arguments and methods, you move on to
the review section. What should you focus on in this part of your critique?
A. Repeating the summary of the article’s main findings.
B. The appropriateness of the methodology used in the article and the coherence of the ideas.
C. Discussing the assumptions made in the article and the contributions of the work to its field..
D. Identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the information presented and how it relates to the thesis.
29. After completing the body of your critique, you begin writing the conclusion. What should you include in this section?
A. An introduction to new ideas that weren’t covered in the body of the critique.
B. A comparison of the work to similar pieces and a recommendation based on your assessment.
C. A discussion of the pros and cons of the work, using evidence from the article to support your opinion.
D. A restatement of your thesis and a final judgment on the value of the work, supported by your analysis.
30. You have just read a research paper and you are required to critique its methodology. You notice that the study used a small, non-
diverse sample size. What should you highlight in your critique?
A. The small sample size limits the generalizability of the study’s findings.
B. The study used a flawed hypothesis, making the sample size irrelevant.
C. The study should have included more diverse participants to increase the validity of its results.
D. The sample size does not adequately represent the population, weakening the study’s conclusions.
31. You are tasked with writing a critical analysis of a poem that deeply resonated with you on a personal level. Your teacher suggests
that you use Reader-Response Criticism. What should be your primary focus in your analysis?
A. Analyze the poem’s structure and literary devices as independent from your own feelings.
B. Discuss how your emotional and intellectual responses to the poem evolved as you read it.
C. Reflect on how your personal experiences shaped your understanding of the poem’s themes.
D. Explain how your interpretation of the poem might differ from readers of a different generation.
32. You are studying a classic novel and are asked to use Formalist Criticism to analyze it. Your teacher instructs you to focus on the text
itself without considering the author’s background or historical context. What should you prioritize in your analysis?
A. Analyze the structure of the novel and how its organization affects its overall impact.
B. Consider the author’s personal struggles and how they influenced the creation of the novel.
C. Discuss how the characters’ interactions and conflicts contribute to the novel’s central theme.
D. Examine how the use of literary devices, such as symbolism and imagery, contribute to the novel’s meaning.
33. You are analyzing a famous short story for class. Your instructor suggests that you use Biographical Criticism to better understand
the story’s deeper meaning. How should you approach your analysis?
A. Ignore the author’s background and focus solely on the literary devices used in the story.
B. Examine how the historical context of the author’s life impacted the setting and themes of the story.
C. Research the author’s life and connect their personal experiences to the themes and characters in the story.
D. Explore how the author’s personal struggles might have influenced the way they portrayed specific characters or events.
34. You are writing a critical essay on a novel that portrays strong female characters. Your instructor suggests using Feminist Criticism.
What should you focus on in your analysis?
A. Focus solely on how the author’s life experiences shaped the female characters in the novel.
B. Discuss how the novel challenges or reinforces cultural ideas about gender and women’s roles in society.
C. Examine how the novel portrays the role of women and the influence of patriarchal ideals on the female characters.
D. Analyze the power dynamics between male and female characters, and how gender roles are constructed in the novel.
35. You are tasked with analyzing a political novel using Marxist Criticism. Your teacher emphasizes the importance of understanding
the social and economic conditions portrayed in the novel. What should you focus on?
A. Discuss how characters are alienated from each other due to social class and wealth.
B. Focus on how the novel’s literary devices, like metaphors and imagery, create meaning.
C. Analyze how the novel portrays the exploitation of the lower class by the dominant group and the economic disparities
between characters.
D. Examine the power dynamics in the novel, focusing on how political and economic systems affect the relationships
between characters.
36. You are asked to write a critique of a recently published novel. Your professor instructs you to focus on how Biographical Criticism
can help you understand the novel’s central themes. What should be your main focus in your analysis?
A. Focus on how the novel’s form and structure create meaning, independent of the author’s life.
B. Discuss the social and historical context of the author’s life and how it affected the setting of the novel.
C. Investigate how the author’s personal experiences and struggles are reflected in the themes of the novel.
D. Analyze how the events in the author’s life during the novel’s creation influenced its characters and plot.
37. You are analyzing a dystopian novel where the working class is oppressed by an elite ruling class. Your teacher recommends
applying Marxist Criticism to your analysis. What should you emphasize in your essay?
A. Focus on the novel’s use of literary techniques like symbolism and metaphors to convey deeper meanings.
B. Analyze how power, money, and political systems affect the characters’ interactions and shape their destinies.
C. Discuss how the novel reflects real-world issues of class struggle, economic disparity, and alienation of workers.
D. Examine how the novel portrays the exploitation of the working class by the elite, and the resulting social inequalities.
38. You are tasked with analyzing a feminist novel. Your instructor wants you to use Feminist Criticism to explore how women are
portrayed in the story. What should your analysis focus on?
A. Focus on the author’s life and how their personal experiences with gender influenced the novel.
B. Examine how the novel critiques the patriarchal society and its influence on the female characters’ lives.
C. Analyze how the female characters are marginalized or empowered in relation to their male counterparts.
D. Discuss how the novel reflects societal views on gender and challenges traditional ideas about women’s roles.
39. You are asked to analyze a novel using Reader-Response Criticism. Your instructor wants you to focus on how different readers
might interpret the text differently based on their personal experiences. What should your analysis focus on?
A. Analyze how the author’s life experiences and the historical context influenced the text’s meaning.
B. Reflect on how your background, experiences, and beliefs shaped your understanding of the novel’s themes.
C. Consider how readers from different time periods or cultures might interpret the novel differently based on their unique
perspectives.
D. Discuss how your personal interpretation of the novel evolved as you read and how different readers might have varying
emotional responses to the same scenes.
40. You are reviewing a literary work and are asked to apply Formalist Criticism. Your teacher specifically asks you to avoid considering
external factors such as the author’s background or historical context. What should you focus on?
A. Consider the author’s personal life and experiences to understand the deeper meaning behind the text.
B. Analyze how the plot and character development work together to convey the central theme of the work.
C. Discuss how the tone and mood created by the text influence the reader’s interpretation of its central message.
D. Examine how the text’s structure and use of literary devices, such as symbolism and irony, contribute to its overall
meaning.

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