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Chapter 11 Reliability

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18 views2 pages

Chapter 11 Reliability

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Chapter 11: Reliability.

Definitions: 

Reliability: or quality over the long term, is the ability of a product to perform its intended
function over a period and under prescribed environmental conditions without failure.

Reliability engineering: provides the theoretical and practical tools used to determine the
capability of parts, components, equipment, subsystems and systems to perform their
required functions without failure for specified periods in specified environments.

Maintainability: is a characteristic of design, installation, and operation, usually expressed


as the probability that a machine can be retained in, or restored to, specified operable
condition within a specified interval of time when maintenance is performed in accordance
with prescribe procedures.

Causes of unreliability:

• Improper design
• Improper materials
• Manufacturing errors
• Assembly and inspection errors
• Improper testing
• Improper packaging and shipping
• Improper start-up *
• User abuse *
• Misapplication

Aspects of Sound Reliability Program in Manufacturing:

1. The entire system

2. The humans in the system

3. Maintenance of the system

4. Simplicity of design

5. Redundant and fail-safe designs

6. Manufacturing methods and purchasing requirements

7. Maintenance of complete product or system performance records

8. Communication
Product Life Cycle Curve:

The life cycle of a product is commonly broken down into three phases: early failure,
chance failure, and wear-out.

Reasons for Reliability Programs:

• Successful companies can control their products' reliability.


• Increasing complexity of products requires higher component reliability.
• Consumers are becoming more reliability conscious.

Measures for reliability: to judge reliability of a product

• Failure-terminated tests: end when a predetermined number of failures occur


within the sample being tested. The decision concerning whether the product is
acceptable is based on the number of products that have failed during the test.
• A time-terminated test: is concluded when an established number of hours is
reached. For this test, a product is accepted based on how many products failed
before reaching the time limit.
• A sequential test: relies on the accumulated results of the tests.

See equations and exercises: from page 17 to 26 .

→ If n is the total number of units being tested and s represents those units performing
satisfactorily, then reliability R is R= s/n

The reliability of system depends on many factors:

1. quality of research performed at its conception


2. the robustness of the original design and any subsequent design changes
3. the complexity of the design
4. the manufacturing processes
5. the handling received during shipping
6. the environment surrounding its use and the end user.

See equations and exercises from page 29 to 41 .

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