United International University

Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering (CSE)

Trimester: Fall 2024

EEE 2124: Electronics Laboratory

Lab Report

ID 0 1 1 2 2 3 0 2 4 7

Name MD.Mezabur Rahman Rasel

Section E

Group No 4

Experiment No 03
Experiment Name

Study of Diode Rectifier Circuits

Date of Performance 1 7 1 1 2 0 2 4

Date of Submission 2 4 1 1 2 0 2 4
Disclaimer:
I thereby certify that this lab report is prepared by me only. I did not copy any part
of this from anybody and did not let other copy any part of my report.

Signature of the Teaching Assistant Signature of the Student

 1

1.0 Objective
The basic objective of this lab:
1. To know the basic uses of diode.
2. To know about Half wave and full wave rectification.
3. To know about the characteristic of half wave rectifier circuit and full wave
rectifier circuit.
4. To design a circuit using diode and other electronic circuit.

2.0 Components
1. Resistor 2. Ac voltage Source 3. Diode 4. Wires
5. Ground 6. Oscilloscope 7. Bread-board

3.0 Theory
HALF WAVE RECTIFICATION:

A Half Wave Rectifier is a single PN junction diode connected in series to the load
resistor. As you know a diode is to electric current like a one-way valve is to water,
it allows electric current to flow in only one direction. This simple means the
diode is operational when the diode is forward biased while it blocks the current
when it is reversed biased. This property of the diode is very useful in creating
simple rectifiers which are used to convert AC to DC. In Half wave rectification
only the positive half cycle is obtained in output while the negative cycle is
discarded.

FULL WAVE RECTIFICATION:

The bridge rectifier: The Bridge rectifier is a circuit, which converts an ac voltage
to dc voltage using both half cycles of the input ac voltage. The circuit has four
diodes connected to form a bridge. The ac input voltage is applied to the diagonally
opposite ends of the bridge. The load resistance is connected between the other two
ends of the bridge. For the positive half cycle of the input ac voltage, diodes D1
and D2 conduct, whereas diodes D3 and D4 remain in the OFF state. The
conducting diodes will be in series with the load resistance RL and hence the load
current flows through RL. For the negative half cycle of the input ac voltage,
diodes D3 and D4 conduct whereas, D1 and D2 remain OFF. The conducting
diodes D3 and D4 will be in series with the load resistance RL and hence the
current flows through RL in the same direction as in the previous half cycle. Thus
a bi-directional wave is converted into a unidirectional wave.
 2

Positive half cycle:Here for positive half cycle the value of output voltage will
be= Vm-Vd where Vm is amplitude of Input voltage and Vd is voltage drop across
diode.

Negative half cycle:Here for negative half cycle the value of output voltage
will be= 0 because diode act as open circuit and no current flow in resistor so
output voltage will be zero.

4.0 Problem Solve Procedure

1. Open Proteus ISIS Schematic Capture.
2. Select the Component Mode from the left Toolbar.
3. Click On P (Pick From Libraries)
4. Add all the required components.
5. Res for resistor alternative/vsine for Ac voltage 1n4007 for diode.
6. Place the components on the workspace.
7. Wire up the circuit .
8. Click on the terminal mood to add ground.
9. Click on the instrument to add Oscilloscope.
10. Connect the A terminal with start and B across resistor.
11. Click on Play Button on the bottom left to start simulation.
 3

12. Check the graph in oscilloscope for half wave rectification.

13. To Design a PCB layout Click on the PCB layout button.
14. Make a PCB for the circuit from its component

Circuit-01 – Half and Full wave rectifier :

Image of input and output:
Respect of Time:
 4

Respect of Amplitude:

6.0 Discussion
A full-wave peak rectifier is used to convert an AC signal into a DC output while
capturing the peak values of both the positive and negative halves of the input
waveform.
We use a capacitor with a full wave rectifier for it. It is beneficial because:
1. Peak Voltage Detection for Both Cycles: It detects and holds the peak voltage
from both halves of the AC waveform, providing a more consistent and accurate
peak measurement.
2. Higher Efficiency: Utilizes the entire input signal, making it more efficient than
a
half-wave peak rectifier.
2. Smoother Output: The output has reduced ripple, offering a more stable DC
signal compared to half-wave peak rectifiers.

This makes it useful in applications like voltage measurement circuits, signal

demodulation, and situations requiring precise peak detection of AC signals.
 5

Questions Answer:
Q.Write a short note on rectifier circuit and its use in electronics?
Ans:A rectifier circuit converts AC to DC, essential for powering electronic
devices. Types include half-wave, full-wave, and bridge rectifiers.
Uses in Electronics:
1.Power Supplies: Provide DC for devices like chargers and TVs.
2.Signal Processing: Extract data in communication systems.
3.Battery Charging: Convert AC to DC for charging.
4.Voltage Multipliers: Generate high DC voltages in specialized equipment.
Rectifiers are vital for reliable DC power in electronics.

Q.Why is Full wave rectifier better than half wave rectifier? Explain in detail.
Ans:1.Higher Efficiency: Utilizes both halves of the AC cycle, converting more
energy into DC.
2.Greater Output Voltage: Provides higher average DC voltage and current
compared to a half-wave rectifier.
3.Lower Ripple: Ripple frequency is double, making filtering easier for smoother
DC output.
4.Continuous Power: Ensures a steadier supply, ideal for sensitive electronic
devices.
Overall, full-wave rectifiers are more efficient and reliable for converting AC to
DC.
Q.Discuss various types of full wave rectifier circuit.
Ans:Types of Full-Wave Rectifier Circuits
Center-Tap Full-Wave Rectifier:
1.Uses a transformer with a center-tapped secondary winding.
2.Requires two diodes, each conducting during alternate half-cycles.
3.Produces a higher output but needs a center-tap transformer.
Bridge Full-Wave Rectifier:
1.Uses four diodes arranged in a bridge configuration.
2.Converts both halves of the AC cycle into DC without a center-tap transformer.
3.More efficient and widely used in power supplies.

Both types provide continuous DC output with lower ripple compared to a half-
wave rectifier.