Introduction and Historical Development MODULE-1

Concept of Physical
Education and Yog

1
INTRODUCTION AND HISTORICAL
DEVELOPMENT
Note
Imagine that you own a time machine and have travelled back to those days
when your great grandparents were children. The lifestyle of those people were
physically very active and vigorous. The main activity was running, throwing
and jumping for survival i.e. a man was running for search of food, safety and
arrange basic needs of life. With the passes of time Kingship introduced the
military and war training for supremacy, to prepares their army for war and
other battles. Later on in the present era it has transformed to individual fitness,
wellness and good health. In this context, the Indian Government has focused
on citizen’s health by introducing various programme of physical training,
physical assessment under physical education programme as well as has
introduced celebration of International Day of Yog, i.e. 21st June every year.
In this lesson you will learn meaning and importance of physical education and
yog and its historical development in details.

OBJECTIVES

After studying this lesson, you will be able to:

explain the meaning and importance of Physical
Education;
describe the historical development of Physical
Education;
explain the concept of Yog;
explain the historical development of Yog and
assess the need and importance of Yog.

1.1 MEANING AND IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL

EDUCATION

Physical Education is the combination of two words – Physical and Education.

The word physical refers to body, and indicates bodily characteristics such as
Physical Education and Yog

1
MODULE-1 Introduction and Historical Development
Concept of Physical
Education and Yog
strength, speed endurance, flexibility, health, coordination and performance. It
generally contrasts the body with the mind. The word ‘education’ means
systematic instructions or training or preparation for life or for some particular
assignments.
Physical Education is a science of complete development of the individual by
participating in physical activities and sports.
Note
Do you know?
Physical Education is now a days connected with biological, sociological,
psychological, philosophical, political and cultural aspects of life. It deals
with totality of human behaviour which makes man different from other
species.

Today, Physical Education is defined as an educational process that uses

physical activity as a means to help individuals acquire skills, fitness,
knowledge and attitudes that contribute to their optimal development as well
being, (Wuest & Bucher 2010).

Physical education contributes towards the development of the individual by

participating in physical activities and sports, thus Physical education is very
important.

Physical Education and Yog

2
 Introduction and Historical Development MODULE-1
Concept of Physical
Education and Yog
1.1.1 Importance of Physical Education

Physical Growth
& Development
Constructive use
of leisure Time Optimum
Development
Note

Physical Intellectual
Fitness Development

Importance
Economic of Physical Emotional
Values Education Development

Neuro-muscular Social
Development Adjustment

Mental Personal
Development Adjustment
Character
Development

Physical growth and development- Physical activity is a necessary step to

develop the proper function and growth of the human body.
Optimum development- Physical education deals not only with physical growth
but also helps us to improve in all parameters of development such as Physical,
Mental, Social and Emotional development by participating in physical activities.
Intellectual development- Physical activities also improve the intellectual ability.
For example players need to take decision in different conditions and situations;
that ability helps them to improve their thinking.
Emotional development – Physical education and sports provide opportunities
to control emotions. For example, a particular match incident gives you a maturity
to execute yourself as a tough player.

Physical Education and Yog

3
MODULE-1 Introduction and Historical Development
Concept of Physical
Education and Yog
Social adjustment- Physical activities also provide opportunities of interaction
with others and participation in varied situations enabling them to learn social
qualities like sportsmanship, co-operation, honesty, friendship, fellowship,
courtesy, self-discipline and respect for authority which promote social adjustment
of an individual.

Personal adjustment- Physical education gives worth-while experience to an

individual to realise her/his full potential and has self-expression and highest
Note satisfaction which facilitates his personal adjustment in life.

Character development- Group efforts, loyalty, dedication, discipline and

determination help to build a good character of the individual.

Physical Fitness- Physical education through scientific mode of exercise and

knowledge about one’s body and its requirement contribute immensely to physical
fitness. Systematic and scientific physical training helps to improve the physical
fitness of the individual.

Mental development- The physical activities not only help to improve the
physical development but also the mental development of the individual; For
example a badminton player is good in physical fitness, but smash comes from
mental development.

Neuro-muscular development- Through physical activities an individual learns

to co-ordinate the muscular and nervous systems. Neuro-muscular coordination
develops well only if various types of skills and exercises are done repeatedly
for a long period of time. A good neuromuscular coordination is indispensable
for learning skill.

Constructive use of leisure time- Physical education contributes to the

constructive use of leisure time. Parents are motivating their children to utilize
their leisure time in a particular manner so that a child doesn’t get the chance to
indulge in non-productive activities like roaming, or wasting time.

Economic value- Nowadays sports have become commercial. Each and every
game is organising its own professional league, which not only helps to promote
the game, but also helps to improve the financial position of the player, which
ultimately improves the career opportunities in sports.

ACTIVITY NO.1.1

Make a chart of five activities for physical development of children.

Physical Education and Yog

4
 Introduction and Historical Development MODULE-1
Concept of Physical
Education and Yog

INTEXT QUESTIONS 1.1

1) Mark the following statements as true or false:

i) Physical Education and sports are not related with overall personality
True/False
ii) The word physical refers to body, and indicates bodily characteristics Note
True/False
iii) Physical activities are a key to success in respect to health
True/False
iv) Physical activities improve children’s scientific insight of thinking
True/False
v) Physical activities provide opportunity to learn qualities like
sportsmanship and self-discipline
True/False
2) Explain the importance of physical education in day to day life.
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................

1.2 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL

EDUCATION

History reveals that the emphasis in the past had been more on exercises such as
swimming, archery, wrestling, javelin, discuss, horse-riding, sword fighting and
many more. Later on it came to Gurukuls, and schools. The history of physical
education can be studied in different periods of Indian political history; which
may be divided into the following periods.
i) Ancient
ii) Medieval
ii) Modern
iv) Post-Independence
1.2.1 Ancient Period
The Vèdas are not only religious books, they also contain reference to the social
and political life of the people. Archery, horse riding and chariot racing were
common sports during this age. In fact, these sports were meant not for pleasure
Physical Education and Yog

5
MODULE-1 Introduction and Historical Development
Concept of Physical
Education and Yog
only but were devices of war as well. Yog seems to have originated during this
period.

Note

The exploits of the Indians of this period can be gathered from the ‘Ramayana’
and the ‘Mahabharata’, which were composed during this period. Both epics
reveal that this period was a period of great turmoil and wars. On the other hand
the system of education was quite elaborate. This system had physical education
as one of the compulsory items apart from scriptural studies, Archery, Javelin
throwing, sword fighting, club fighting, wrestling, horse riding and chariot racing
have been described in these books. The names of such warriors as Ram, Laxman,
Ravan, Megghanad, Bhima, Arjuna, Karna, Bhisama, Drona etc. have become
immortal for their valour. There were no separate teachers for physical education;
but the knowledge of arms and armaments was given by the same teachers who
were well versed in scriptural studies too. There used to be Gurukuls (Schools)
where pupils lived life upto the age of 25 years and learnt physical and mental
fitness.
Meghasthenes who visited India during the period of Chandragupta Maurya has
referred to a very elaborate system of physical training for the army. Wrestling,
sword fighting, Javelin throwing, horse racing etc. were very common sports in
those days. Training in the art of war was both intensive and extensive. Ashoka
the great king had a very strong army which shows that war training was both
intensive and extensive during this period.
Nalanda was a great city of learning where more than 6000 students, from different
parts of the country, and also from foreign lands used to study. Along with religious
and philosophical studies, physical education was given due emphasis and was
taught to students in a systematic manner. Besides ‘Pranayama’ and Surya
namaskar other forms of physical exercise were perfomed every day throughout
the year. At Nalanda University-Swimming, breathing exercise and yog had
became an integral part of the daily life of the students. India, during this period,
was a land of noted men for the excellence of their physique and sharpness of
their intellect.

Physical Education and Yog

6
 Introduction and Historical Development MODULE-1
Concept of Physical
Education and Yog
The Rajputs were divided into hundreds of clans and often fought among them
selves. There was no central authority; however they remained supreme up to
13th century. The Rajputs called themselves pure Kshatriya and their profession
was fighting. Horse riding, Javelin throwing, archery, wrestling, hunting and
mace fighting etc. were very popular activities. Girls were also taught to ride a
horse without saddle. Dancing and Music have been a part and parcel of the
Rajput life.

Note
DO YOU KNOW ?

Great emphasis was laid on the military and physical art during Ganga dynasty
in Orissa.

1.2.2 Medieval Period

Muslims ruled India for about 600 years. They were very fond of sports. Sports
like wrestling, boxing, polo, rugby, shooting, archery, swimming, sword fighting,
chess, horse riding, and Javelin throwing were popular during medieval period.
Hunting, pigeon flying and animal fighting were also very popular during the
period.

1.2.3 Modern Period

Physical education had always existed in the Indian society in one form or other,
but had never been considered a part and parcel of school curriculum. No doubt
the English men were sports loving people, yet they also did not pay any attention
to the inclusion of physical education in the school educational programme. In
1833, Government of India shouldered the responsibility of education and in
1870, education was made a state subject, the centre only retained the supervisory
powers. For the first time in 1882, the Indian Education Commission
recommended physical training in school education. It recommended that physical
training be promoted in schools by encouragement of native games such as
gymnastics, drills and other exercises. This spurred the interest of the school
children to take to physical activities
Private organisations for physical education like gymnasia, Vyayam-Shala,
Akhadas and Kreeda mandals contributed much for the spread of traditional
interest in the subject. Danda, Baithaka, folk dances, wrestling and exercises
with light apparatus received greater attention. Indigenous games like Kho-Kho
and atye-patye also became popular. Physical education such as drills and P.T.
exercises were imparted in some schools by ex-servicemen. They also prepared
the students as Scouts for school ceremonies. The outstanding development of
physical education in pre-independent India goes to the Y.M.C.A., College of

Physical Education and Yog

7
MODULE-1 Introduction and Historical Development
Concept of Physical
Education and Yog
Physical Education, Madras. Y.M.C.A was founded in 1920 by Mr. H.C. Buck.
In 1931, the Govt. College of Physical Education, Hyderabad and in 1932, The
Christian College of Physical Education, Lucknow, were established. In 1938,
The Training Institute of Physical Education, Khandiyali (Bombay) also came
into existence. In 1914, ‘Vyayam Prasarak Mandal ‘ Amaravati, was set up to
serve the cause of Physical education in India.

1.2.4 Post- Independence Period

Note
India regained her freedom in 1947; This necessitated the formulation of new
educational policy to build up a new nation. The subject of education was
entrusted to the states and the centre retained with itself the matters of
co-ordination and formulation of national policy on education keeping in view
national objectives. A large number of schools were established in the country.
Education was made free and compulsory up to the age of 14 years. Hundreds of
new colleges and universities came into existence to meet the needs of the country.

Netaji Subhash National Institute for Sports (NSNIS)

National Institute of Sports was established by the Government of India for
academics and coaching in sports. Now it is renamed as Netaji Subhash National
Institute of Sports, in 1973. It is in Patiala.

National Discipline Scheme

The National Discipline Scheme came in to existence on July 24, 1954 at Lajpat
Nagar, New Delhi. It was in 1965 that N.D.S. was merged with A.C.C. (Auxiliary
Cadet Corps) on the recommendation of the Kunzuru Committee. Finally this
scheme came to be known as National Fitness Corps (N .F .C).

National Caded Corps (NCC)

The N.C.C was introduced in the year 1948 by an act of the parliament. Since
then it has expanded in the whole country. The scheme was operated by the
Ministry of Defence in co-operation with the state governments, through the
Director General of N.C.C. It consisted of three sections i.e. senior, junior and
girls.

Indian Olympic Association (I.O.A.)

In 1927, the Indian Olympic Association came into existence. Since then it has
been functioning in India and is affiliated with the International Olympic
Committee.

Compulsory Physical Education in Schools

In 1962, after the Indo-China war, the government of India decided to give serious
consideration to a scheme of compulsory physical education in schools. It was
Physical Education and Yog

8
 Introduction and Historical Development MODULE-1
Concept of Physical
Education and Yog
the policy of the government to rely on the strength of the army in all matters of
defence. But the aforesaid experience showed that the second and third lines of
defence must always be replenished by recruitment from the general public. For
this a new integrated scheme of compulsory physical education was scheduled
to be put into effect from July 1963. The planning commission made a provision
for six crores and forty lakhs for the implementation of the new scheme. The
scheme covered all students from class VI to class X. Five periods of not less
than 45 minutes each were to be devoted to physical training. However, the
scheme failed to come into force in its true spirit. In 2018 CBSE made Physical Note
education a comulsory subject from IX to XII standard in Schools as
mainstreaming physical education (MPE)

ACTIVITY NO.1.2

Make a chart for regional indigenous games that originated in India.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 1.2

1. Tick () the correct option.

i) Which age is famous for ‘Ramayana’ and ‘Mahabharata?

a) Vèdic b) Nalandian c) Epic

ii) ‘Jainism’ and ‘Budhism’ are related to which historical age?

a) Vèdic b) Historical c) Epic

iii) Kshatriya are related to which historical age?

a) Rajput b) Historical c) Epic

iv) In which year was the YMCA college of education founded?

a) 1920 b) 1921 c) 1923

v) Who was the founder of Y.M.C.A. college of education?

a) H.C. Buck b) A.C. Buck c) C.H. Buck
2) Write the full form of NCC, NSNIS and IOA.
a) ............................................................................................................
b) .............................................................................................................
c) .............................................................................................................
Physical Education and Yog

9
MODULE-1 Introduction and Historical Development
Concept of Physical
Education and Yog
3) Ram, Laxman, Ravan, Megghanad, Bhima, Arjuna, Karna, Bhishma, Drona
are famous for which historical age?
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................

Note 1.3 CONCEPT OF YOG

The word ‘yog’ is derived from Sanskrit ‘Yuj’, which means to join, to attach, to
bind and yoke, and to concentrate on one’s attention. Yog means the experience
of oneness or unity with inner being. The unity comes after dissolving the duality
of mind and matter into the supreme reality. It is a science by which the individual
approaches truth. Yog is a way of a better living. It ensures greater efficiency in
work, and a better control over mind and emotions. Through yog one can achieve
both physical and mental harmony.
Yog is a way to achieve the supreme goal of peaceful life
In Bhagvad Gita the main stress is on Karma Yog (Yog by action). “Work alone
is your privilege, never the fruits thereof. Never let the fruits of action be your
motive; and never cease to work. Work in the name of lord, abandoning selfish
desires. Be not affected by success or failure. This equipoise is called yog.”
In this fast materialistic world, “the practicing yog helps to develop balance the
body and mind. it is not a substitute for medicine. It is advisable to learn and
practice yog under the supervision of a trained yog teacher”

DO YOU KNOW?

Pranayama is a yogic exercise by which one balances the breathing cycle in

such a way that there is complete or control of the breath and it is through
this that the old sages had the transcendental experience.

1.4 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF YOG

As per Hindu mythology, lord Shiva is considered as the founder of yog. He

narrated the science of health to his wife Parvati and later passed it on to sages
for the upliftment of human beings. For a clearer understanding of yog as an
Indian heritage one should go through related periods of history:

Physical Education and Yog

10
 Introduction and Historical Development MODULE-1
Concept of Physical
Education and Yog
1.4.1 Pre-vedic Period (6000-3000 BC)
Indus valley civilization reveals that different forms of yog were practiced in
those periods. Several seals were discovered at Indus Valley civilization (3300-
1700 BC) sites depicting figures in yog – or meditation-like posture.Archaeologist
points to 16 specific “yogic poses”. The idols as well as statues, which were
found in excavation, depict various yog postures. The language used in Indus
valley civilisation is still unknown to us, but still it is sure on the basis of idols
that yog was performed during that period.
Note

DO YOU KNOW ?

The definition of an archaeologist: A person who studies human history,

particularly the culture of historic and prehistoric people, through discovery
and exploration of remains, structures and writings.

1.4.2 Vèdic Period (2000-1500 BC)

The study of Vèdas reveals that there were some partially developed concepts of
yog in this period. Vèdas do not directly mention the word ‘yogis’ or ‘yog’. In
Rigvèda the usage of word ‘Yunjate’ suggests an idea of yog for sense control.

1.4.3 Upanishadic Period (800-200 BC)

In the Upnishads, an early reference to meditation is made in Brihadaranyaka
Upanishad. The main textual sources for the evolving concept of Yog are the
middle Upanishads, the Mahabharata including Bhagwadgita and the yog sutras
of Patanjali. Many examples of the concept and terminology of yog appear in
the upnishads.

1.4.4 Epic Period

Epics – Ramayana and Mahabharata are the important sources of information
about the yogic practice in that era. The Sage, Vishwamitra taught, Ram and
Lakshmana, the art of yog and prāńāyāma. Lord Krishna narrated yog to his
disciple Arjuna in the battlefield. The term ‘yog’ has been used in BhagwadGita
in a variety of senses – Karma yog (the yog of action), Bhakti yog (the yog of
devotion and Jnana yog (the yog of knowledge).

1.4.5 Sutra Period

All the credit goes to Patanjali, who gave us the present literary form of yog in
‘Yogsutra’ approximately in 147 B.C. The Yogsutra is divided into four books.
He explained eight parts of yog, such as Yama, Niyama, Asanas, Prāńāyāma,
Pratyāhāra, Dharna, Dhyana and Samadhi.
Physical Education and Yog

11
MODULE-1 Introduction and Historical Development
Concept of Physical
Education and Yog
1.4.6 Smriti Period
Smrities were written in about 1000 AD. The literature of this period shows
changes in beliefs, ideas, worship, rituals and customs. In most of the rituals
pranayama and other purification techniques find important place those writings.

1.4.7 Medieval Period

In this period, two cults were famous – Natha cult and bhakti cult. Hatha yog
Note finds its evolution and fame in Natha cult. Hatha yog is a particular system of
yog. The saints of these periods used to do various yogic practices.
Modern Period: Yog has taken up a new shape in the twentieth century which
is contrary to its history of life-long devotion. The yog practiced in modern time
is implementation of the techniques to strengthen mind and body. It is practiced
to keep mind and body healthy. Yog is now spreading all over the world.

DO YOU KNOW?

21st of June of each year is celebrated as International Yog Day. This was
declared by the United Nations General Assembly on 11th of December in
2014.

1.5 NEED AND IMPORTANCE OF YOG

The goal of yog is to attain the physical and mental wellbeing. In order to
accomplish it, yog makes use of different movements, breathing exercises,
relaxation techniques and meditation. Yog is a way of living with health and
peace of mind. Mind/body awareness can influence mood and self-esteem to
improve quality of life. Yog is the perfect way to ensure overall health and physical
fitness. Some benefits of yog have been listed below:
Physical purity and cleanliness of Organs: It massages all the internal
organs and glands. This in turn reduces the risk of many diseases. Basically
there are three types of substances in human body – pit, vat and kaph. Various
kriyas like jal neti, kapaal bhaati, tratak, etc, help to clean internal as well
as external organs. Yogic exercises improve bowel movement and relieve
constipation.
Cures and prevents diseases: Yog is one of the best remedies known to
humankind for curing chronic ailments that are otherwise difficult to be
cured by other medications. Yog has been used to alleviate problems
associated with high blood pressure, high cholesterol, migraine headaches,

Physical Education and Yog

12
Introduction and Historical Development MODULE-1
Concept of Physical
Education and Yog
shallow breathing, constipation, menopause, multiple sclerosis, varicose
veins and many chronic illnesses.
Reduces mental tensions, fatigue and stress inducing relaxation: Yog
offers different techniques as proven therapies for illness and stress. Yogic
exercises and deep breathing can reduce stress, thereby lowering blood
pressure and induce relaxation. Yog brings stability to the wavering mind
and reduces physical and mental fatigue.
Increases Concentration and self-control- The yog trains the body and Note
mind to work towards a single goal with concentration. Various asanas like
padmasana and Dhanurasana help in improving concentration power.
Improve productivity in life- The daily practice of Yogic asanas and
pranayam will help you to improve your concentration power, which
ultimately helps to improve your work proficiency and productivity.
Prevention from Injury and Rehabilitation- Yog asana also help to recover
from injury and to rehabilitate.
Improve the immune system- The daily yogic practice helps to improve
the immune system.
Improve the Sports Performance-Yog plays a vital role for maintaining
and improving the performance,where concentration and balance is required.
Better lifestyle- The joy and happiness of life will come through peace of
mind. Yog asanas and meditation help to improve your overall personality
which gives a good quality of life.
Keep the correct posture of body-Now a days postural deformities are
common in individuals. Without good posture they are unable to do their
work efficiently. They cannot enjoy life. They usually put more energy in
simple tasks. Posture deformities can be corrected by some yog-asanas
like Vajrasana, Bhujangasana, Dhanurasana, Chakrasana etc. These are
not only preventive but curative also.
Yog can be performed by a layman– Yog is an easy exercise in modern
fast moving world, people always have an excuse that, they don’t have a
time for gym or walk, but yog is a very simple form of exercise, they can do
any where, preferably in open air.
Reduces Obesity- Obesity is a worldwide problem and India is at number
three in the world, Obese people have high risk of related diseases. Yogic
exercises and pranayama can help in reducing obesity. The cause of obesity
can be found in your food habit, lifestyle or stress; Yog could be the answer
to these problems.

Physical Education and Yog

13
MODULE-1 Introduction and Historical Development
Concept of Physical
Education and Yog
Increases flexibility- For sports and non-sports person, flexibility is a very
important parameter for the personality. Sportspersons can improve their
performance by increasing the Range of Motion (R.O.M.) and non-sports
persons can improve their efficiency by increasing their flexibility. All these
processes will improve with the help of exercises and yog asanas.
Provide relaxation- Rest and relaxations are essential for removing fatigue
from the body. Fatigue can be a mental or physical. Yogic asanas will help
Note you to reduce the fatigue level, both mentally and physically.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 1.3

1) Mark the following questions as true or false.

i) Yog can impede the internal organs of the body True/ False
ii) Yog can help us to cure and prevent diseases True/ False
iii) Meditation will help to increase the mental stress True/ False
iv) Padmasana will help to reduce your mental pressure True/ False
v) Yog can help to reduce your obesity True/ False
vi) Yog can decrease your R.O.M. True/ False
2) Explain the importance of Yog in day to day life.
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................

WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNT

Physical Education is the combination of two words – Physical and

Education
Physical Education is a key to success in fast moving materialistic digital
world of today.
Physical education not only deals with physical growth but also helps to
improve in all parameters of development such as Physical, Mental, Social
and Emotional development by participating in physical activities.
Physical Education is now a days connected with biological, sociological,
psychological, philosophical, political and cultural aspects of life. It deals

Physical Education and Yog

14
 Introduction and Historical Development MODULE-1
Concept of Physical
Education and Yog
with totality of human behaviour which makes man different from other
species.
Now a days sports have become commercial. Each and every game is
organising its own professional league, which not only helps to promote
the game, but also helps to improve the financial structure of the society,
which ultimately improves the career opportunities in sports.
Pranayama is a yogic exercise by which one balances the respiratory cycle
in such a way that there is complete ‘Suppression’ or control of the breath Note
and it is through this that the old sages had the transcendental experience."
In the British period for the first time in 1882 the Indian Education
Commission recommended physical training in school education.
Private organisations for physical education like gymnasia, Vyayam Shala,
Akhadas and Kreeda mandals contributed much for spreading traditional
interest in the matter. Dandas, Baithakas, Yogic exercises, folk dances,
wrestling and exercises with light apparatus received greater attention.
In 2018 CBSE has made Physical education compulsory subject from IX to
XII standard in Schools.

TERMINAL QUESTIONS

1) Explain the meaning and importance of Physical Education with suitable

examples.
2) Describe the historical development of Physical Education in Indian
perspective.
3) Explain the concept of yog.
4) Describe the historical development of Yog.
5) Explain the need and importance of Yog.

ANSWERS TO INTEXT QUESTIONS

1.1
1. True/False
i) False
ii) true
iii) true
Physical Education and Yog

15
MODULE-1 Introduction and Historical Development
Concept of Physical
Education and Yog
iv) true
v) true
2) Physical education helps to develop the overall personality including
Physical, mental, social, and emotional health which ultimately improves
your productivity and lifestyle.
1.2
Note 1. Mark any one
i) c
ii) b
iii) a
iv) a
v) a
2. The NCC, NIS and IOA stand for.
National Cadet Corps (NCC)
Netaji Subhash National Institute for Sports (NSNIS)
Indian Olympic Association (IOA)
3. Epic
1.3
1. i) False
ii) True
iii) False
iv) True
v) True
vi) False
2. These days yog is getting popularity among masses; people who don’t have
a time for exercise, or are busy with their occupation schedule can easily
approach for yog any time or any place. Yog improves in many ways.The
physical purity and cleanliness of internal organs is done by doing pranayama
and kriyas, stress and tension can be reduced by doing meditation and dhyan,
Yog asnanas also help to correct the body posture deformity. Daily practice
of yog improves the productivity of the individual.

Physical Education and Yog

16