Question ID b1b5300b

Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Probability and

Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: b1b5300b
Prices of 14 Different Cars
Priced at no more Priced greater
Type of car Total
than $25,000 than $25,000

Nonhybrid 5 3 8

Hybrid 2 4 6

Total 7 7 14

The table above shows information about 14 cars listed for sale on an auto dealership’s website. If one of
the cars listed for sale is selected at random, what is the probability that the car selected will be a hybrid
car priced at no more than $25,000 ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b1b5300b Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. It’s given that there are 2 hybrid cars priced at no more than $25,000. It’s also given that there are 14
cars total for sale. Therefore, the probability of selecting a hybrid priced at no more than $25,000 when one car is chosen

at random is .

Choice B is incorrect. This is the probability of selecting a hybrid car priced greater than $25,000 when choosing one car
at random. Choice C is incorrect. This is the probability, when choosing randomly from only the hybrid cars, of selecting
one priced at no more than $25,000. Choice D is incorrect. This is the probability of selecting a hybrid car when selecting
at random from only the cars priced greater than $25,000.
Question Difficulty: Medium
Question ID d28c29e1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates,

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: d28c29e1

The International Space Station orbits Earth at an average speed of 4.76 miles
per second. What is the space station’s average speed in miles per hour?

A. 285.6

B. 571.2

C. 856.8

D. 17,136.0

ID: d28c29e1 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. Since 1 minute = 60 seconds and 1 hour = 60 minutes, it follows that 1 hour = (60)(60), or 3,600
seconds. Using this conversion factor, the space station’s average speed of 4.76 miles per second is equal to an average

speed of , or 17,136 miles per hour.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the space station’s average speed in miles per minute. Choice B is incorrect. This is double
the space station’s average speed in miles per minute, or the number of miles the space station travels on average in 2
minutes. Choice C is incorrect. This is triple the space station’s average speed in miles per minute, or the number of miles
the space station travels on average in 3 minutes.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 1adb39f0
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Two-variable data:

Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 1adb39f0

The scatterplot shows the relationship between two variables, x and y. A line of
best fit for the data is also shown. Which of the following is closest to the
difference between the y-coordinate of the data point with and the y-value
predicted by the line of best fit at ?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 5

D. 12

ID: 1adb39f0 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. The data point with has a y-coordinate of 12. The y-value predicted by the line of best fit at
is approximately 11. The difference between the y-coordinate of the data point and the y-value predicted by the line
of best fit at is , or 1.

Choices B and C are incorrect and may result from incorrectly reading the scatterplot. Choice D is incorrect. This is the y-
coordinate of the data point at .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID b4912cc5
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates,

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: b4912cc5

The population density of Iceland, in people per square kilometer of land area,
increased from 2.5 in 1990 to 3.3 in 2014. During this time period, the land area
of Iceland was 100,250 square kilometers. By how many people did Iceland’s
population increase from 1990 to 2014?

A. 330,825

B. 132,330

C. 125,312

D. 80,200

ID: b4912cc5 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. The increase in Iceland’s population can be found by multiplying the increase in population density, in
people per square kilometer, by the area, in square kilometers. It’s given that the population density of Iceland was 2.5
people per square kilometer in 1990 and 3.3 people per square kilometer in 2014. The increase in population density can
be found by subtracting 2.5 from 3.3, which yields 0.8. It’s given that the land area of Iceland was 100,250 square
kilometers. Thus, the increase in population is , or 80,200.

Alternate approach: It’s given that the population density of Iceland, in people per square kilometer of land area, in 1990
was 2.5. Since the land area of Iceland was 100,250 square kilometers, it follows that the population of Iceland in 1990
was , or 250,625. Similarly, the population of Iceland in 2014 was , or 330,825. The
population increase is the difference in the population from 1990 to 2014, or , which yields 80,200.
Therefore, Iceland’s population increased by 80,200 from 1990 to 2014.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the population of Iceland in 2014. Choice B is incorrect and may result from dividing 3.3 by
2.5, instead of subtracting 2.5 from 3.3. Choice C is incorrect and may result from dividing the population of Iceland in
1990 by 2.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 37930b2a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Evaluating statistical

Data Analysis claims:
Observational
studies and
experiments

ID: 37930b2a

Residents of a town were surveyed to determine whether they are satisfied with
the concession stand at the local park. A random sample of 200 residents was
selected. All 200 responded, and 87% said they are satisfied. Based on this
information, which of the following statements must be true?
I. Of all the town residents, 87% would say they are satisfied with the concession stand at the local park.
II. If another random sample of 200 residents were surveyed, 87% would say they are satisfied.

A. Neither

B. I only

C. II only

D. I and II

ID: 37930b2a Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. The purpose of surveying a random sample of residents is to approximate the percent of the town
residents that are satisfied with the concession stand. The sample doesn’t necessarily get the same result as surveying
every resident of the town, nor would another sample necessarily have identical results. Therefore, although it’s possible
that either statement I or statement II could prove true by surveying every resident of the town, these statements cannot
be proven true solely based on the results of the sample.

Choice B is incorrect because surveying a sample of the town residents may not have the same result as surveying all the
town residents. Choices C and D are incorrect because surveying a different sample of residents could yield different
results.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 4c774b00
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and One-variable data:

Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 4c774b00

Ages of 20 Students Enrolled in a College Class

Age Frequency

18 6

19 5

20 4

21 2

22 1

23 1

30 1

The table above shows the distribution of ages of the 20 students enrolled in a
college class. Which of the following gives the correct order of the mean,
median, and mode of the ages?

A. mode < median < mean

B. mode < mean < median

C. median < mode < mean

D. mean < mode < median

ID: 4c774b00 Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale
Choice A is correct. The mode is the data value with the highest frequency. So for the data shown, the mode is 18. The
median is the middle data value when the data values are sorted from least to greatest. Since there are 20 ages ordered,
the median is the average of the two middle values, the 10th and 11th, which for these data are both 19. Therefore, the
median is 19. The mean is the sum of the data values divided by the number of the data values. So for these data, the

mean is .

Since the mode is 18, the median is 19, and the mean is 20, .

Choices B and D are incorrect because the mean is greater than the median. Choice C is incorrect because the median is
greater than the mode.

Alternate approach: After determining the mode, 18, and the median, 19, it remains to determine whether the mean is
less than 19 or more than 19. Because the mean is a balancing point, there is as much deviation below the mean as
above the mean. It is possible to compare the data to 19 to determine the balance of deviation above and below the
mean. There is a total deviation of only 6 below 19 (the 6 values of 18); however, the data value 30 alone deviates by 11
above 19. Thus the mean must be greater than 19.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID a456cfd2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and One-variable data:

Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: a456cfd2

Data value Frequency

The frequency table summarizes the data values in a data set. What is the maximum data value in the data set?

ID: a456cfd2 Answer

Correct Answer: 14

Rationale
The correct answer is . The maximum value is the largest value in the data set. The frequency refers to the number of
times a data value occurs. The given frequency table shows that for this data set, the data value occurs three times, the
data value occurs three times, the data value occurs eight times, the data value occurs eight times, the data value
occurs nine times, the data value occurs eleven times, the data value occurs nine times, the data value
occurs zero times, and the data value occurs six times. Therefore, the maximum data value in the data set is .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID e1ad3d41
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Probability and

Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: e1ad3d41

Eye color
Coat color
Deep blue Light brown Total

Cream-tortoiseshell 16 16 32

Chocolate 12 4 16

Total 28 20 48

The data on the coat color and eye color for 48 Himalayan kittens available for
adoption were collected and summarized in the table above. What fraction of the
chocolate-colored kittens has deep blue eyes?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: e1ad3d41 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. The table shows that there are a total of 16 kittens that have a chocolate-colored coat. Of the 16 with
a chocolate-colored coat, 12 have deep blue eyes. Therefore, the fraction of chocolate-colored kittens with deep blue

eyes is simply the ratio of those two numbers, or .

Choice A is incorrect; this is the fraction of all chocolate-colored kittens. Choice B is incorrect; this is the fraction of
kittens with deep blue eyes that have a chocolate-colored coat. Choice C is incorrect; this is the fraction of cream-
tortoiseshell-colored kittens with deep blue eyes.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 3726e079
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates,

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 3726e079

If and , what is the value of ?

ID: 3726e079 Answer

Correct Answer: 24

Rationale

The correct answer is . The equation can be rewritten as . It's given that . Substituting

for in the equation yields . Multiplying both sides of this equation by yields
. Dividing both sides of this equation by yields . Therefore, the value of is .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 8e528129
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates,

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 8e528129

Pure beeswax has a density of 0.555 ounce per cubic inch. An online company
sells pure beeswax at a price of $8.00 per ounce. What is the selling price, in
dollars per cubic inch, for pure beeswax purchased from this company?

ID: 8e528129 Answer

Rationale
The correct answer is 4.44. The selling price, in dollars per cubic inch, is found by multiplying the density, in ounces per

cubic inch, by the unit price, in dollars per ounce: yields . Thus, the selling
price, in dollars per cubic inch, is 4.44.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 53d97af5
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Inference from

Data Analysis sample statistics and
margin of error

ID: 53d97af5

A study was done on the weights of different types of fish in a pond. A random
sample of fish were caught and marked in order to ensure that none were
weighed more than once. The sample contained 150 largemouth bass, of which
30% weighed more than 2 pounds. Which of the following conclusions is best
supported by the sample data?

A. The majority of all fish in the pond weigh less than 2 pounds.

B. The average weight of all fish in the pond is approximately 2 pounds.

C. Approximately 30% of all fish in the pond weigh more than 2 pounds.

D. Approximately 30% of all largemouth bass in the pond weigh more than 2 pounds.

ID: 53d97af5 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. The sample of 150 largemouth bass was selected at random from all the largemouth bass in the
pond, and since 30% of the fish in the sample weighed more than 2 pounds, it can be concluded that approximately 30%
of all largemouth bass in the pond weigh more than 2 pounds.

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Since the sample contained 150 largemouth bass, of which 30% weighed more than 2
pounds, this result can be generalized only to largemouth bass in the pond, not to all fish in the pond.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 0301c5dc
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Probability and

Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: 0301c5dc
The table below shows the number of state parks in a certain state that contain camping facilities and bicycle paths.

Has bicycle paths Does not have bicycle paths

Has camping facilities 20 5

Does not have camping facilities 8 4

If one of these state parks is selected at random, what is the probability that it
has camping facilities but does not have bicycle paths?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 0301c5dc Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. The total number of state parks in the state is . According to the table, 5 of these
have camping facilities but not bicycle paths. Therefore, if a state park is selected at random, the probability that it has

camping facilities but not bicycle paths is .

Choice B is incorrect. This is the probability that a state park selected at random from the state parks with camping
facilities does not have bicycle paths. Choice C is incorrect. This is the probability that a state park selected at random
from the state parks with bicycle paths does not have camping facilities. Choice D is incorrect. This is the probability that
a state park selected at random from the state parks without bicycle paths does have camping facilities.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 0ae37ff3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Probability and

Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: 0ae37ff3

In a bag, there are red, white, blue, and yellow cubes. If one of these cubes is selected at random, what is the
probability of selecting a cube that is neither blue nor yellow?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 0ae37ff3 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. It’s given that there are red, white, blue, and yellow cubes in the bag. Therefore, there are a
total of , or , cubes in the bag. If the cube is neither blue nor yellow, then it must be either red or
white. Therefore, the probability of selecting a cube that is neither blue nor yellow is equivalent to the probability of
selecting a cube that is either red or white. If one of these cubes is selected at random, the probability of selecting a cube
that is either red or white is equal to the sum of the number of red cubes and white cubes divided by the total number of
cubes in the bag. There are red cubes, white cubes, and total cubes in the bag. Therefore, the probability of
selecting a red or white cube is , which is equivalent to , or . Thus, if one cube is selected at random, the
probability of selecting a cube that is neither blue nor yellow is .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the probability of selecting a cube that is either blue or yellow, rather than the probability of
selecting a cube that is neither blue nor yellow.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 9bb4107c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Two-variable data:

Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 9bb4107c

The graph shows the momentum , in newton-seconds, of an object seconds after the object started moving, for
. What is the average rate of change, in newton-seconds per second, in the momentum of the object from
to ?

ID: 9bb4107c Answer

Correct Answer: .5, 1/2

Rationale
The correct answer is . For the graph shown, represents time, in seconds, and represents momentum, in newton-
seconds. Therefore, the average rate of change, in newton-seconds per second, in the momentum of the object between
two x-values is the difference in the corresponding y-values divided by the difference in the x-values. The graph shows
that at , the corresponding y-value is . The graph also shows that at , the corresponding y-value is . It
follows that the average rate of change, in newton-seconds per second, from to is , which is equivalent
to , or . Note that 1/2 and .5 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 3f2ee20a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and One-variable data:

Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 3f2ee20a
The results of two independent surveys are shown in the table below.
Men's Height
Group Sample size Mean (centimeters) Standard deviation (centimeters)

A 2,500 186 12.5

B 2,500 186 19.1

Which statement is true based on the table?

A. The Group A data set was identical to the Group B data set.

B. Group B contained the tallest participant.

C. The heights of the men in Group B had a larger spread than the heights of the men in Group A.

D. The median height of Group B is larger than the median height of Group A.

ID: 3f2ee20a Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale
Choice C is correct. Standard deviation is a measure of spread, so data sets with larger standard deviations tend to have
larger spread. The standard deviation of the heights of the men in Group B is larger than the standard deviation of the
heights of the men in Group A. Therefore, the heights of the men in Group B had a larger spread than the heights of the
men in Group A.

Choice A is incorrect. If two data sets are identical, they will have equivalent means and equivalent standard deviations.
Since the two data sets have different standard deviations, they cannot be identical. Choice B is incorrect. Without
knowing the maximum value for each data set, it’s impossible to know which group contained the tallest participant.
Choice D is incorrect. Since the means of the two groups are equivalent, the medians could also be the same or could be
different, but it's impossible to tell from the given information.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID d0efc1dd
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and One-variable data:

Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: d0efc1dd
15, 14, 18, 17, x

The mean and the median of the five numbers above are equal. Which of the
following is NOT a possible value of x ?

A. 6

B. 11

C. 16

D. 21

ID: d0efc1dd Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. If x is 6, then the five numbers in the given list are 15, 14, 18, 17, 6. The mean of these five numbers is

the sum of all the values divided by the number of values, or . The median of these
five numbers can be found by ordering the numbers from least to greatest and determining the middle value. When
ordered from least to greatest, the numbers in the given list are 6, 14, 15, 17, 18, and the middle value is 15. Since the
mean is 14 and the median is 15, the mean and median aren’t equal when x is 6.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. If any of these values is substituted for x, the mean and median of the data set would
be equal.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 2e74e403
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Two-variable data:

Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 2e74e403

In the given scatterplot, a line of best fit for the data is shown.

Which of the following is closest to the slope of this line of best fit?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 2e74e403 Answer

Correct Answer: C
Rationale
Choice C is correct. A line of best fit is shown in the scatterplot such that as the value of increases, the value of
decreases. It follows that the slope of the line of best fit shown is negative. The slope of a line in the xy-plane that passes
through the points and can be calculated as . The line of best fit shown passes approximately
through the points and . Substituting for and for in yields the slope
of the line being approximately , which is equivalent to , or . Therefore, of the given choices, is the
closest to the slope of this line of best fit.

Choice A is incorrect. The line of best fit shown has a negative slope, not a positive slope.

Choice B is incorrect. The line of best fit shown has a negative slope, not a positive slope.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID f8f79e11
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Inference from

Data Analysis sample statistics and
margin of error

ID: f8f79e11

A park ranger asked a random sample of visitors how far they hiked during their
visit. Based on the responses, the estimated mean was found to be 4.5 miles,
with an associated margin of error of 0.5 miles. Which of the following is the
best conclusion from these data?

A. It is likely that all visitors hiked between 4 and 5 miles.

B. It is likely that most visitors hiked exactly 4.5 miles.

C. It is not possible that any visitor hiked less than 3 miles.

D. It is plausible that the mean distance hiked for all visitors is between 4 and 5 miles.

ID: f8f79e11 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. The given estimated mean has an associated margin of error because from sample data, the
population mean can’t be determined precisely. Rather, from the sample mean, an interval can be determined within
which it’s plausible that the population’s mean is likely to lie. Since the estimated mean is 4.5 miles with an associated
margin of error of 0.5 miles, it follows that between miles and miles, or between 4 and 5 miles, is
plausibly the mean distance hiked for all visitors.

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Based on the estimated mean, no determination can be made about the number of
miles hiked for all visitors to the park.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 707db2d3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Percentages

Data Analysis

ID: 707db2d3

For the finale of a TV show, viewers could use either social media or a text
message to vote for their favorite of two contestants. The contestant receiving
more than 50% of the vote won. An estimated 10% of the viewers voted, and 30%
of the votes were cast on social media. Contestant 2 earned 70% of the votes
cast using social media and 40% of the votes cast using a text message. Based
on this information, which of the following is an accurate conclusion?

A. If all viewers had voted, Contestant 2 would have won.

B. Viewers voting by social media were likely to be younger than viewers voting by text message.

C. If all viewers who voted had voted by social media instead of by text message, Contestant 2 would have won.

D. Viewers voting by social media were more likely to prefer Contestant 2 than were viewers voting by text message.

ID: 707db2d3 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. It is given that Contestant 2 earned 70% of the votes cast using social media and 40% of the votes
cast using a text message. Based on this information, viewers voting by social media were more likely to prefer
Contestant 2 than were viewers voting by text message.

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. There is not enough information about the viewers to reach these conclusions.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 9a144a01
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Two-variable data:

Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 9a144a01

Which of the following is true about the values of and

for ?

A. For all , it is true that .

B. For all , it is true that .

C. There is a constant c such that if , then , but if , then .

D. There is a constant c such that if , then , but if , then .

ID: 9a144a01 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. At , the value of is less than the value of , which is equivalent to .
As the value of x increases, the value of remains less than the value of until , which is when the two

values are equal: , which is equivalent to . Then, for , the value of is greater than the value of
. So there is a constant, 3, such that when , then , but when , then .

Choice A is incorrect because when . Choice B is incorrect because when .

Choice D is incorrect because when and when .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 63573fea
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Percentages

Data Analysis

ID: 63573fea

During the first month of sales, a company sold 1,300,000 units of a certain type
of smartphone. During the same month, 15% of the units sold were returned. If
sales and the return rate remain the same for each of the next 5 months, about
how many units of this smartphone will be returned to the company during this
6-month period?

A. 195,000

B. 975,000

C. 1,170,000

D. 6,630,000

ID: 63573fea Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale
Choice C is correct. Of the 1,300,000 units sold during the first month, 15% were returned, so
units were returned during the first month. If the units were sold and returned at the
same rate for the next 5 months, then a total of smartphone units were returned during the
6-month period.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the number of units that were returned in 1 month. Choice B is incorrect. This is the number
of units that were returned in 5 months. Choice D is incorrect. This is the number of units sold and not returned during
the first 6 months.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 03a16790
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Two-variable data:

Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 03a16790

The scatterplot shows the relationship between two variables, and . A line of best fit is also shown.

Which of the following is closest to the slope of the line of best fit shown?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 03a16790 Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. A line of best fit is shown in the scatterplot such that as the value of increases, the value of
decreases. Thus, the slope of the line of best fit shown is negative. The slope of a line passing through two points,
and , can be calculated as . The line of best fit shown passes approximately through the points
and . Substituting and for and , respectively, in gives , which
is equivalent to , or . Therefore, of the given choices, is closest to the slope of the line of best fit shown.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect. The line of best fit shown has a negative slope, not a positive slope.

Choice D is incorrect. The line of best fit shown has a negative slope, not a positive slope.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID b4f5a7ca
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Evaluating statistical

Data Analysis claims:
Observational
studies and
experiments

ID: b4f5a7ca

A survey was conducted using a sample of history professors selected at

random from the California State Universities. The professors surveyed were
asked to name the publishers of their current texts. What is the largest
population to which the results of the survey can be generalized?

A. All professors in the United States

B. All history professors in the United States

C. All history professors at all California State Universities

D. All professors at all California State Universities

ID: b4f5a7ca Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale
Choice C is correct. Selecting a sample at random when conducting a survey allows the results to be generalized to the
population from which the sample was selected, but not beyond this population. In this situation, the population that the
sample was selected from is history professors from the California State Universities. Therefore, the largest population
to which the results of the survey can be generalized is all history professors at all California State Universities.

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Since the sample was selected at random from history professors from the California
State Universities, the results of the survey can’t be generalized to all professors in the United States, all history
professors in the United States, or all professors at all California State Universities. All three of these populations may
use different texts and therefore may name different publishers.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID fea831fc
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates,

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: fea831fc

On April 18, 1775, Paul Revere set off on his midnight ride from Charlestown to
Lexington. If he had ridden straight to Lexington without stopping, he would have
traveled 11 miles in 26 minutes. In such a ride, what would the average speed of
his horse have been, to the nearest tenth of a mile per hour?

ID: fea831fc Answer

Rationale
The correct answer is 25.4. The average speed is the total distance divided by the total time. The total distance is 11

miles and the total time is 26 minutes. Thus, the average speed is miles per minute. The question asks for the
average speed in miles per hour, and there are 60 minutes in an hour; converting miles per minute to miles per hour gives
the following:

Therefore, to the nearest tenth of a mile per hour, the average speed of Paul Revere’s ride would have been 25.4 miles per
hour. Note that 25.4 and 127/5 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID e03f3477
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Inference from

Data Analysis sample statistics and
margin of error

ID: e03f3477

A sample consisting of adults who own televisions was selected at random for a study. Based on the sample, it is
estimated that of all adults who own televisions use their televisions to watch nature shows, with an associated
margin of error of . Which of the following is the most plausible conclusion about all adults who own televisions?

A. More than of all adults who own televisions use their televisions to watch nature shows.

B. Between and of all adults who own televisions use their televisions to watch nature shows.

Since the sample included adults who own televisions and not just those who use their televisions to watch nature
C. shows, no conclusion can be made.

D. Since the sample did not include all the people who watch nature shows, no conclusion can be made.

ID: e03f3477 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. It's given that based on a sample selected at random, it's estimated that of all adults who own
televisions use their televisions to watch nature shows, with an associated margin of error of . Subtracting the
margin of error from the estimate and adding the margin of error to the estimate gives an interval of plausible values for
the true percentage of adults who own televisions who use their televisions to watch nature shows. This means it's
plausible that between , or , and , or , of all adults who own televisions use
their televisions to watch nature shows. Therefore, of the given choices, the most plausible conclusion is that between
and of all adults who own televisions use their televisions to watch nature shows.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect. To make a plausible conclusion about all adults who own televisions, the sample must be selected
at random from all adults who own televisions, not just those who use their televisions to watch nature shows.

Choice D is incorrect. Since the sample was selected at random from all adults who own televisions, a plausible
conclusion can be made about all adults who own televisions.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID d693f563
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Percentages

Data Analysis

ID: d693f563

Last year, Cedric had plants in his garden. This year, the number of plants in Cedric’s garden is greater than the
number of plants in his garden last year. How many plants does Cedric have in his garden this year?

ID: d693f563 Answer

Correct Answer: 56

Rationale
The correct answer is . It’s given that Cedric had plants in his garden last year and that the number of plants in
Cedric's garden this year is greater than the number of plants in his garden last year. It follows that the number of
plants in Cedric’s garden this year is plus of , which is equal to , or . This
expression is equivalent to , or . Therefore, Cedric has plants in his garden this year.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID f46139df
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Two-variable data:

Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: f46139df

The scatterplot shows the relationship between two variables, and . A line of best fit for the data is also shown.

At , which of the following is closest to the y-value predicted by the line of best fit?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: f46139df Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale
Choice C is correct. On the line of best fit, an x-value of corresponds to a y-value between and . Therefore, at
, is closest to the y-value predicted by the line of best fit.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors. Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 07f2829b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and One-variable data:

Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 07f2829b

International Tourist
Arrivals, in millions
Country 2012 2013

France 83.0 84.7

United
66.7 69.8
States

Spain 57.5 60.7

China 57.7 55.7

Italy 46.4 47.7

Turkey 35.7 37.8

Germany 30.4 31.5

United
26.3 32.2
Kingdom

Russia 24.7 28.4

The table above shows the number of international tourist arrivals, rounded to
the nearest tenth of a million, to the top nine tourist destinations in both 2012
and 2013. Based on the information given in the table, how much greater, in
millions, was the median number of international tourist arrivals to the top nine
tourist destinations in 2013 than the median number in 2012, to the nearest
tenth of a million?

ID: 07f2829b Answer

Rationale
The correct answer is 1.3. The median number of tourists is found by ordering the number of tourists from least to
greatest and determining the middle value from this list. When the number of tourists in 2012 is ordered from least to
greatest, the middle value, or the fifth number, is 46.4 million. When the number of tourists in 2013 is ordered from least
to greatest, the middle value, or the fifth number, is 47.7 million. The difference between these two medians is
. Note that 1.3 and 13/10 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 7ac5d686
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Two-variable data:

Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 7ac5d686

An inspector begins a day of work with a large sample of shirts that need to be
checked for defects. The inspector works at a constant rate throughout the
morning. What type of model is best to model the number of shirts remaining to
be checked for defects at any given time throughout the morning?

A. A linear model with a positive slope

B. A linear model with a negative slope

C. An exponential growth model

D. An exponential decay model

ID: 7ac5d686 Answer

Rationale
Choice B is correct. Since the work is done at a constant rate, a linear model best models the situation. The number of
shirts remaining is dependent on the length of time the inspector has worked; therefore, if the relationship were graphed,
time would be the variable of the horizontal axis and the number of remaining shirts would be the variable of the vertical
axis. Since the number of shirts decreases as the time worked increases, it follows that the slope of this graph is
negative.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from incorrectly reasoning about the slope. Choices C and D are incorrect and may
result from not identifying the constant rate of work as a characteristic of a linear model.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 181cc4d6
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates,

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 181cc4d6

Rectangle A has length 15 and width w. Rectangle B has length 20 and the same
length-to-width ratio as rectangle A. What is the width of rectangle B in terms
of w ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 181cc4d6 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. It’s given that rectangle A has length 15 and width w. Therefore, the length-to-width ratio of rectangle
A is 15 to w. It’s also given that rectangle B has length 20 and the same length-to-width ratio as rectangle A. Let x

represent the width of rectangle B. The proportion can be used to solve for x in terms of w. Multiplying both

sides of this equation by x yields , and then multiplying both sides of this equation by w yields .

Dividing both sides of this equation by 15 yields . Simplifying this fraction yields .

Choices B and D are incorrect and may result from interpreting the difference in the lengths of rectangle A and rectangle
B as equivalent to the difference in the widths of rectangle A and rectangle B. Choice C is incorrect and may result from
using a length-to-width ratio of w to 15, instead of 15 to w.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 7fd284ac
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Two-variable data:

Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 7fd284ac

The scatterplot above shows data for ten charities along with the line of best fit. For the charity with the greatest percent
of total expenses spent on programs, which of the following is closest to the difference of the actual percent and the
percent predicted by the line of best fit?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 7fd284ac Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. The charity with the greatest percent of total expenses spent on programs is represented by the
highest point on the scatterplot; this is the point that has a vertical coordinate slightly less than halfway between 90 and
95 and a horizontal coordinate slightly less than halfway between 3,000 and 4,000. Thus, the charity represented by this
point has a total income of about $3,400 million and spends about 92% of its total expenses on programs. The percent
predicted by the line of best fit is the vertical coordinate of the point on the line of best fit with horizontal coordinate
$3,400 million; this vertical coordinate is very slightly more than 85. Thus, the line of best fit predicts that the charity with
the greatest percent of total expenses spent on programs will spend slightly more than 85% on programs. Therefore, the
difference between the actual percent (92%) and the prediction (slightly more than 85%) is slightly less than 7%.

Choice A is incorrect. There is no charity represented in the scatterplot for which the difference between the actual
percent of total expenses spent on programs and the percent predicted by the line of best fit is as much as 10%. Choices
C and D are incorrect. These choices may result from misidentifying in the scatterplot the point that represents the
charity with the greatest percent of total expenses spent on programs.
Question Difficulty: Medium
Question ID 2df8f293
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Probability and

Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: 2df8f293

Each vertex of a -sided polygon is labeled with one of the letters through , with a different letter at each vertex.
If one vertex is selected at random, what is the probability that the letter will be at the selected vertex? (Express your
answer as a decimal or fraction, not as a percent.)

ID: 2df8f293 Answer

Correct Answer: .0714, 1/14

Rationale
The correct answer is . If one vertex of the polygon is selected at random, the probability that the letter will be at
the selected vertex is equal to the number of vertices labeled with the letter divided by the total number of vertices. It's
given that each vertex is labeled with one of the letters through , with a different letter at each vertex. It follows
that there is vertex labeled with the letter . It's also given that the polygon is -sided. It follows that there are a total
of vertices. Thus, the probability that the letter will be at the selected vertex is . Note that 1/14, .0714, and 0.071
are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 7cab9fe1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Percentages

Data Analysis

ID: 7cab9fe1

Which expression represents the result of increasing a positive quantity by ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 7cab9fe1 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. The result of increasing a positive quantity by can be represented by the expression
. Therefore, the result of increasing a positive quantity by can be found by substituting for in
the expression , which gives , or . Thus, the expression represents the result of
increasing a positive quantity by .

Choice B is incorrect. This is the result of decreasing a positive quantity by .

Choice C is incorrect. This is the result of increasing a positive quantity by .

Choice D is incorrect. This is the result of decreasing a positive quantity by .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 445dd032
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates,

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 445dd032

Tanya earns $13.50 per hour at her part-time job. When she works z hours, she
earns dollars. Which of the following expressions gives the amount, in
dollars, Tanya will earn if she works hours?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 445dd032 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. It’s given that when Tanya works z hours, she earns dollars. Since her hourly rate is constant,
if she works 3 times as many hours, or hours, she will earn 3 times as many dollars, or .

Choice B is incorrect. This expression represents adding 3 dollars to the dollars Tanya will earn. Choice C is
incorrect. This expression can be rewritten as , which implies that Tanya earns $16.50 per hour, not $13.50.
Choice D is incorrect. This expression adds 3 to the number of hours Tanya works, rather than multiplying the hours she
works by 3.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 121dc44f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Percentages

Data Analysis

ID: 121dc44f

The population of City A increased by from to . If the population is times the population,
what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 121dc44f Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale
Choice C is correct. It's given that the population of City A increased by from to . Therefore, the population
of City A in includes of the population of City A in plus an additional of the population of City A in
. This means that the population of City A in is of the population in . Thus, the population of City A
in is , or , times the population. Therefore, the value of is .

Choice A is incorrect. This would be the value of if the population in was of the population in .

Choice B is incorrect. This would be the value of if the population in was of the population in .

Choice D is incorrect. This would be the value of if the population increased by , not , from to .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 939c46d1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates,

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 939c46d1

The glass pictured above can hold a maximum volume of 473 cubic centimeters,
which is approximately 16 fluid ounces. Jenny has a pitcher that contains
1 gallon of water. How many times could Jenny completely fill the glass with
1 gallon of water?

A. 16

B. 8

C. 4

D. 3

ID: 939c46d1 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. It is given that the volume of the glass is approximately 16 fluid ounces. If Jenny has 1 gallon of

water, which is 128 fluid ounces, she could fill the glass times.

Choice A is incorrect because Jenny would need fluid ounces = 256 fluid ounces, or 2 gallons, of water to fill the
glass 16 times. Choice C is incorrect because Jenny would need only fluid ounces = 64 fluid ounces of water to fill
the glass 4 times. Choice D is incorrect because Jenny would need only fluid ounces = 48 fluid ounces to fill the
glass 3 times.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID fc46af57
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Inference from

Data Analysis sample statistics and
margin of error

ID: fc46af57

A bag containing 10,000 beads of assorted colors is purchased from a craft

store. To estimate the percent of red beads in the bag, a sample of beads is
selected at random. The percent of red beads in the bag was estimated to be
15%, with an associated margin of error of 2%. If r is the actual number of red
beads in the bag, which of the following is most plausible?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: fc46af57 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. It was estimated that 15% of the beads in the bag are red. Since the bag contains 10,000 beads, it
follows that there are an estimated red beads. It’s given that the margin of error is 2%, or
beads. If the estimate is too high, there could plausibly be red beads. If the
estimate is too low, there could plausibly be red beads. Therefore, the most plausible statement of
the actual number of red beads in the bag is .

Choices A and D are incorrect and may result from misinterpreting the margin of error. It’s unlikely that more than 1,700
beads or fewer than 1,300 beads in the bag are red. Choice C is incorrect because 200 is the margin of error for the
number of red beads, not the lower bound of the range of red beads.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 7b65bb28
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and One-variable data:

Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 7b65bb28

Station 1 Station 2 Station 3 Station 4 Station 5

$3.699 $3.609 $3.729 $3.679 $3.729

In the table above, Melissa recorded the price of one gallon of regular gas from
five different local gas stations on the same day. What is the median of the gas
prices Melissa recorded?

A. $3.679

B. $3.689

C. $3.699

D. $3.729

ID: 7b65bb28 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale
Choice C is correct. The median of a data set is the middle value when the data is in ascending or descending order. In
ascending order, the gas prices are $3.609, $3.679, $3.699, $3.729, and $3.729. The middle number of this list is 3.699,
so it follows that $3.699 is the median gas price.

Choice A is incorrect. When the gas prices are listed in ascending order, this value isn’t the middle number. Choice B is
incorrect. This value represents the mean gas price. Choice D is incorrect. This value represents both the mode and the
maximum gas price.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 8a714fa1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Percentages

Data Analysis

ID: 8a714fa1

Which of the following represents the result of increasing the

quantity x by 9%, where ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 8a714fa1 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. Increasing the positive quantity x by 9% is the result of adding 9% of x to x. 9% of x can be

represented algebraically as , or . Adding this expression to x yields , or .

Choice B is incorrect. This represents 9% of x. Choice C is incorrect. This represents increasing x by 9, not by 9%. Choice
D is incorrect. This represents increasing x by 0.09, not by 9%.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 8e2e424e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Percentages

Data Analysis

ID: 8e2e424e

The number k is 36% greater than 50. If k is the product of

50 and r, what is the value of r ?

A. 36

B. 3.6

C. 1.36

D. 0.36

ID: 8e2e424e Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale
Choice C is correct. It’s given that the number k is 36% greater than 50. Therefore, the value of k is the number 50 plus

36% of 50. This can be rewritten as . Multiplying the terms yields 18, so ,
or . It’s also given that k is the product of 50 and r, which can be rewritten as . Substituting 68 for k yields
. Dividing both sides of this equation by 50 yields .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the percentage that k is greater than 50. Choice B is incorrect and may result from a
calculation error. Choice D is incorrect. This would be the value of r if k were 36% of 50, instead of 36% greater than 50.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID be00d896
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and One-variable data:

Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: be00d896

For which of the following data sets is the mean

greater than the median?

A. 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5

B. 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80

C. 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512

D. 7, 107, 107, 207, 207, 207, 307, 307, 307

ID: be00d896 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale
Choice C is correct. If the values in a data set are ordered from least to greatest, the median of the data set will be the
middle value. Since each data set in the choices is ordered and contains exactly 9 data values, the 5th value in each is
the median. It follows that the median of the data set in choice C is 32. The sum of the positive differences between 32
and each of the values that are less than 32 is significantly smaller than the sum of the positive differences between 32
and each of the values that are greater than 32. If 32 were the mean, these sums would have been equal to each other.
Therefore, the mean of this data set must be greater than 32. This can also be confirmed by calculating the mean as the
sum of the values divided by the number of values in the data set:

Choices A and B are incorrect. Each of the data sets in these choices is symmetric with respect to its median, so the
mean and the median for each of these choices are equivalent. Choice D is incorrect. The median of this data set is 207.
Since the sum of the positive differences between 207 and each of the values less than 207 is greater than the sum of
the positive differences between 207 and each value greater than 207 in this data set, the mean must be less than the
median.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 3d985614
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Two-variable data:

Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 3d985614

Each dot in the scatterplot above represents the height x, in feet, in the high
jump, and the distance y, in feet, in the long jump, made by each student in a
group of twenty students. The graph of which of the following equations is a line
that most closely fits the data?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 3d985614 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale
Choice C is correct. A line that most closely fits the data is a line with an approximately balanced number of data points
above and below the line. Fitting a line to the data shown results in a line with an approximate slope of 3 and a y-intercept
near the point . An equation for the line can be written in slope-intercept form, , where m is the slope
and b is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept. The equation in choice C fits the data most closely.

Choices A and B are incorrect because the slope of the lines of these equations is 0.82, which is a value that is too small
to be the slope of the line that fits the data shown. Choice D is incorrect. The graph of this equation has a y-intercept at
, not . This line would lie below all of the data points, and therefore would not closely fit the data.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 560fab82
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and One-variable data:

Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 560fab82

The table shows the frequency of values in a data set.

Value Frequency

What is the minimum value of the data set?

ID: 560fab82 Answer

Correct Answer: 19

Rationale
The correct answer is . The minimum value of a data set is the least value in the data set. The frequency refers to the
number of times a value occurs. The given table shows that for this data set, the value occurs times, the value
occurs time, the value occurs times, and the value occurs times. Therefore, of the values , , , and
given in the data set, the minimum value of the data set is .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID d94018fd
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and One-variable data:

Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: d94018fd

Each of the dot plots shown represents the number of glue sticks brought in by each student for two classes, class A and
class B. Which statement best compares the standard deviations of the numbers of glue sticks brought in by each
student for these two classes?

The standard deviation of the number of glue sticks brought in by each student for class A is less than the standard
A. deviation of the number of glue sticks brought in by each student for class B.

The standard deviation of the number of glue sticks brought in by each student for class A is equal to the standard
B. deviation of the number of glue sticks brought in by each student for class B.

The standard deviation of the number of glue sticks brought in by each student for class A is greater than the
C. standard deviation of the number of glue sticks brought in by each student for class B.

D. There is not enough information to compare these standard deviations.

ID: d94018fd Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. Standard deviation is a measure of the spread of a data set from its mean. The dot plot for class A
and the dot plot for class B have the same shape. Thus, the frequency distributions for both class A and class B are the
same. Since both class A and class B have the same frequency distribution of glue sticks brought in by each student, it
follows that both class A and class B have the same spread of the number of glue sticks brought in by each student from
their respective means. Therefore, the standard deviation of the number of glue sticks brought in by each student for
class A is equal to the standard deviation of the number of glue sticks brought in by each student for class B.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium
Question ID e21d10a7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates,

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: e21d10a7

One of a planet's moons orbits the planet every days. A second moon orbits the planet every days. How many
more days does it take the second moon to orbit the planet times than it takes the first moon to orbit the planet
times?

ID: e21d10a7 Answer

Correct Answer: 1015

Rationale
The correct answer is . It’s given that the first moon orbits the planet every days. Therefore, it takes the first
moon , or , days to orbit the planet times. It’s also given that the second moon orbits the planet every
days. Therefore, it takes the second moon , or , days to orbit the planet times. Since it takes the
first moon days and the second moon days, it takes the second moon , or , more days
than it takes the first moon to orbit the planet times.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID f04d40b2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Inference from

Data Analysis sample statistics and
margin of error

ID: f04d40b2

From a population of people, were chosen at random and surveyed about a proposed piece of legislation.
Based on the survey, it is estimated that of people in the population support the legislation, with an associated
margin of error of . Based on these results, which of the following is a plausible value for the total number of people
in the population who support the proposed legislation?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: f04d40b2 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale
Choice C is correct. It’s given that an estimated of people in the population support the legislation, with an
associated margin of error of . Subtracting and adding the margin of error from the estimate gives an interval of
plausible values for the true percentage of people in the population who support the legislation. Therefore, it’s plausible
that between and of people in this population support the legislation. The corresponding numbers of people
represented by these percentages in the population can be calculated by multiplying the total population, , by
and by , which gives and , respectively. It follows that any
value in the interval to is a plausible value for the total number of people in the population who support
the proposed legislation. Of the choices given, only is in this interval.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the number of people in the sample, rather than in the population, who support the
legislation.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the number of people in the sample who do not support the legislation.

Choice D is incorrect. This is a plausible value for the total number of people in the population who do not support the
proposed legislation.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 8917ce38
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates,

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 8917ce38

Which of the following speeds is equivalent to 90 kilometers per

hour? (1 kilometer = 1,000 meters)

A. 25 meters per second

B. 32 meters per second

C. 250 meters per second

D. 324 meters per second

ID: 8917ce38 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. Since 1 kilometer is equal to 1,000 meters, it follows that 90 kilometers is equal to
meters. Since 1 hour is equal to 60 minutes and 1 minute is equal to 60 seconds, it follows that 1

hour is equal to seconds. Now is equal to , which reduces to

or 25 meters per second.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID ec787383
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates,

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: ec787383

A distance of furlongs is equivalent to how many feet?

ID: ec787383 Answer

Correct Answer: 40260

Rationale
The correct answer is . It's given that and . It follows that a distance of
furlongs is equivalent to , or feet.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 7e6c745f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates,

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 7e6c745f

Food Protein Cost

1 large egg 6 grams $0.36

1 cup of milk 8 grams $0.24

The table above shows the amount of protein in two foods and the cost of each
food. Based on the table, what is the ratio of the cost per gram of protein in a
large egg to the cost per gram of protein in a cup of milk?

A. 1 : 2

B. 2 : 3

C. 3 : 4

D. 2 : 1

ID: 7e6c745f Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. The cost per gram of protein in 1 large egg is $0.36 ÷ 6 = $0.06. The cost per gram of protein in 1 cup
of milk is $0.24 ÷ 8 = $0.03. It follows that the ratio of the cost per gram of protein in a large egg to the cost per gram of
protein in a cup of milk is 0.06:0.03, which can be rewritten as 2:1.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from finding the ratio of the cost per gram of protein in a cup of milk to the cost per
gram of protein in a large egg (the reciprocal of the ratio specified in the question). Choices B and C are incorrect and
may result from incorrectly calculating the unit rates or from errors made when simplifying the ratio.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 709e04de
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Percentages

Data Analysis

ID: 709e04de

The value of is times . The value of is what percent greater than ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 709e04de Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. It’s given that the value of is times . This can be written as , which is
equivalent to , or . It follows that the value of is of plus of
. Therefore, the value of is greater than .

Choice A is incorrect. This gives a value of that is , not , times .

Choice C is incorrect. This gives a value of that is , not , times .

Choice D is incorrect. This gives a value of that is , not , times .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 642519d7
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Evaluating statistical

Data Analysis claims:
Observational
studies and
experiments

ID: 642519d7

A polling agency recently surveyed 1,000 adults who were selected at random
from a large city and asked each of the adults, “Are you satisfied with the quality
of air in the city?” Of those surveyed, 78 percent responded that they were
satisfied with the quality of air in the city. Based on the results of the survey,
which of the following statements must be true?
Of all adults in the city, 78 percent are satisfied with the quality of air in the city.
If another 1,000 adults selected at random from the city were surveyed, 78 percent of them would report they are
satisfied with the quality of air in the city.
If 1,000 adults selected at random from a different city were surveyed, 78 percent of them would report they are
satisfied with the quality of air in the city.

A. None

B. II only

C. I and II only

D. I and III only

ID: 642519d7 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. Statement I need not be true. The fact that 78% of the 1,000 adults who were surveyed responded
that they were satisfied with the air quality in the city does not mean that the exact same percentage of all adults in the
city will be satisfied with the air quality in the city. Statement II need not be true because random samples, even when
they are of the same size, are not necessarily identical with regard to percentages of people in them who have a certain
opinion. Statement III need not be true for the same reason that statement II need not be true: results from different
samples can vary. The variation may be even bigger for this sample since it would be selected from a different city.
Therefore, none of the statements must be true.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because none of the statements must be true.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 912cd125
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Probability and

Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: 912cd125
For a science project, Anka recorded whether it rained each weekday and weekend day for 12 weeks. Her results are
summarized in the table below.
Weekday and Weekend Day Rain for 12 Weeks
Rain No rain Total

Number of weekdays 12 48 60

Number of weekend days 8 16 24

Total 20 64 84

If one of the days on which there was no rain is selected at random, what is the
probability the day was a weekend day?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 912cd125 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. There were 64 days with no rain. It was a weekend day for 16 of those 64 days. So 16 out of 64 of the
days with no rain were weekend days. Because the day is selected at random, each day has an equal chance of being

selected, so the probability is .

Choice A is incorrect. It is the probability that a day selected at random from any one of the days during the 12 weeks is a
weekend day with no rain. Choice C is incorrect. It is the probability that a day selected at random from the weekend days
has no rain. Choice D is incorrect. It is the probability that a day selected at random from the days with no rain is a
weekday.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID ba61d95f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Percentages

Data Analysis

ID: ba61d95f

The population of Greenville increased by from to . If the population is times the population,
what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: ba61d95f Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale
Choice C is correct. Let be the 2015 population of Greenville. It's given that the population increased by from 2015
to 2016. The increase in population can be written as . The 2016 population of Greenville is given as the sum of
the 2015 population of Greenville and the increase in population from 2015 to 2016. This can be rewritten as
, or . Therefore, the value of is .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the percent, represented as a decimal, that the population increased from 2015 to 2016, not
the value of .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of if the population increased by , not , from 2015 to 2016.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 873d2838
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates,

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 873d2838

The population density of Cedar County is people per square mile. The county has a population of people.
What is the area, in square miles, of Cedar County?

ID: 873d2838 Answer

Correct Answer: 370

Rationale
The correct answer is . It’s given that the population density of Cedar County is people per square mile and the
county has a population of people. Based on the population density, it follows that the area of Cedar County is
, or square miles.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 8cbf1415
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Percentages

Data Analysis

ID: 8cbf1415

In a group, % of the items are red. Of all the red items in the group, % also have stripes. What percentage of the
items in the group are red with stripes?

A. %

B. %

C. %

D. %

ID: 8cbf1415 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. It’s given that in a group, of the items are red. It follows that the number of red items in the
group can be represented by , where represents the total number of items in the group. It’s also given that of all
the red items in the group, also have stripes. It follows that the number of items in the group that are red and have
stripes can be represented by , or . The expression represents of . Since represents the
total number of items in the group, it follows that of the items in the group are red and have stripes.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from subtracting from rather than calculating of .

Choice C is incorrect and may result from adding and rather than calculating of .

Choice D is incorrect and may result from calculating the percentage that is of rather than calculating of
.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 3c5b19ef
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Two-variable data:

Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 3c5b19ef

The scatterplot above shows the number of visitors to a railroad museum in

Pennsylvania each year from 1968 to 1980, where t is the number of years since
1968 and n is the number of visitors. A line of best fit is also shown. Which of
the following could be an equation of the line of best fit shown?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 3c5b19ef Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. An equation of a line of best fit can be written in the form , where a is the y-intercept of
the line and b is the slope. In the scatterplot shown, the line of best fit intersects the y-axis just over halfway between
10,000 and 20,000, or approximately 16,000. The line of best fit also intersects the graph at . Using the slope

formula and two points that lie on the graph such as and , the slope can be

approximated as , or 4,800. Only choice A has a y-intercept near the estimate of 16,000 and a slope
near the estimate of 4,800. Therefore, an equation of the line of best fit could be .

Choice B is incorrect because the values for the slope and the y-coordinate of the y-intercept are switched. Choice C is
incorrect because the value for the slope is approximately double the actual slope. Choice D is incorrect because the
values for the slope and the y-intercept are switched and because the slope is approximately double the actual slope.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 73ddfdac
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates,

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 73ddfdac

A distance of furlongs is equivalent to how many feet?

ID: 73ddfdac Answer

Correct Answer: 73920

Rationale
The correct answer is . It's given that and . It follows that a distance of
furlongs is equivalent to , or feet.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 96a45430
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Percentages

Data Analysis

ID: 96a45430

A number n is increased 6%. If the result is

318, what is the value of n ?

A. 199

B. 299

C. 300

D. 337

ID: 96a45430 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale
Choice C is correct. The decimal equivalent of 6% is 0.06. Since increasing the number n by 6% yields the number 318,
this situation can be represented by the equation , or . Dividing both sides of this
equation by 1.06 yields .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the result when n is increased by 60%, not by 6%. Choice B is incorrect. This is the
approximate result of decreasing 318 by 6%. Choice D is incorrect. This is the approximate result of increasing 318 by
6%.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 5c3c2e3c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and One-variable data:

Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 5c3c2e3c

The weights, in pounds, for 15 horses in a stable were reported, and the mean,
median, range, and standard deviation for the data were found. The horse with
the lowest reported weight was found to actually weigh 10 pounds less than its
reported weight. What value remains unchanged if the four values are reported
using the corrected weight?

A. Mean

B. Median

C. Range

D. Standard deviation

ID: 5c3c2e3c Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. The median weight is found by ordering the horses’ weights from least to greatest and then
determining the middle value from this list of weights. Decreasing the value for the horse with the lowest weight doesn’t
affect the median since it’s still the lowest value.

Choice A is incorrect. The mean is calculated by finding the sum of all the weights of the horses and then dividing by the
number of horses. Decreasing one of the weights would decrease the sum and therefore decrease the mean. Choice C is
incorrect. Range is the difference between the highest and lowest weights, so decreasing the lowest weight would
increase the range. Choice D is incorrect. Standard deviation is calculated based on the mean weight of the horses.
Decreasing one of the weights decreases the mean and therefore would affect the standard deviation.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 61b87506
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates,

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 61b87506

For the values and , the ratio of to is to . If is multiplied by , what is multiplied by in order to maintain
the same ratio?

ID: 61b87506 Answer

Correct Answer: 17

Rationale
The correct answer is . If one value is multiplied by a number, then the other value must be multiplied by the same
number in order to maintain the same ratio. It’s given that is multiplied by . Therefore, in order to maintain the same
ratio, must also be multiplied by .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 30db8f77
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Probability and

Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: 30db8f77

At a conference, there are a total of attendees. Each attendee is assigned to either group A, group B, or group C. If
one of these attendees is selected at random, the probability of selecting an attendee who is assigned to group A is
and the probability of selecting an attendee who is assigned to group B is . How many attendees are assigned to
group C?

ID: 30db8f77 Answer

Correct Answer: 88

Rationale
The correct answer is . It's given that there are a total of attendees and each attendee is assigned to either group
A, group B, or group C. It's also given that if one of these attendees is selected at random, the probability of selecting an
attendee who is assigned to group A is and the probability of selecting an attendee who is assigned to group B is
. It follows that there are , or , attendees who are assigned to group A and , or ,
attendees who are assigned to group B. The number of attendees who are assigned to group C is the number of
attendees who are not assigned to group A or group B. In other words, the number of attendees who are assigned to
group C is the total number of attendees minus the number of attendees who are assigned to group A and group B.
Therefore, the number of attendees who are assigned to group C is , or .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 9110c120
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and One-variable data:

Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 9110c120

Which of the following statements about the means and medians

of data set A and data set B is true?

A. Only the means are different.

B. Only the medians are different.

C. Both the means and the medians are different.

D. Neither the means nor the medians are different.

ID: 9110c120 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. The mean of a data set is the sum of the values divided by the number of values. The mean of data

set A is , or 5. The mean of data set B is , or 14.5. Thus, the means are different. The median of a data set is
the middle value when the values are ordered from least to greatest. The medians of data sets A and B are both 5.
Therefore, the medians are the same, so only the means are different.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID b2f6f17d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Percentages

Data Analysis

ID: b2f6f17d

A customer’s monthly water bill was $75.74. Due to a rate increase, her monthly
bill is now $79.86. To the nearest tenth of a percent, by what percent did the
amount of the customer’s water bill increase?

A. 4.1%

B. 5.1%

C. 5.2%

D. 5.4%

ID: b2f6f17d Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. To find the percent increase of the customer’s water bill, the absolute increase of the bill, in dollars, is

divided by the original amount of the bill, and the result is multiplied by 100%, as follows: ;
.

Choice A is incorrect. This choice is the difference rounded to the nearest tenth, which is the (absolute)
increase of the bill’s amount, not its percent increase. Choice B is incorrect and may be the result of some calculation
errors. Choice C is incorrect and is the result of dividing the difference between the two bill amounts by the new bill
amount instead of the original bill amount.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID ab7740a8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Two-variable data:

Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: ab7740a8

In which of the following tables is the relationship between the values of x and
their corresponding y-values nonlinear?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: ab7740a8 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. The relationship between the values of x and their corresponding y-values is nonlinear if the rate of
change between these pairs of values isn’t constant. The table for choice D gives four pairs of values: , ,

, and . Finding the rate of change, or slope, between and by using the slope formula, ,

yields , or 6. Finding the rate of change between and yields , or 12. Finding the rate of

change between and yields , or 24. Since the rate of change isn’t constant for these pairs of
values, this table shows a nonlinear relationship.

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. The rate of change between the values of x and their corresponding y-values in each of
these tables is constant, being 3, 4, and 5, respectively. Therefore, each of these tables shows a linear relationship.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 38a9ac45
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Probability and

Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: 38a9ac45

If 1,200 customers register for new accounts at a social media website every
day, what fraction of the first 60,000 new accounts are registered in the first 5
days?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 38a9ac45 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. If 1,200 customers register for new accounts every day, then (1,200)(5) = 6,000 customers registered

for new accounts in the first 5 days. Therefore, of the first 60,000 new accounts that were registered, , or ,
were registered in the first 5 days.

Choice A is incorrect. The fraction represents the fraction of accounts registered in 1 of the first 5 days. Choice C is

incorrect and may result from conceptual or computation errors. Choice D is incorrect. The fraction represents the
fraction of the first 60,000 accounts that were registered in 1 day.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID eb672707
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates,

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: eb672707

How many tablespoons are equivalent to teaspoons?

ID: eb672707 Answer

Correct Answer: 14/3, 4.666, 4.667

Rationale
The correct answer is . It's given that teaspoons is equivalent to tablespoon. Therefore, teaspoons is equivalent
to , or tablespoons. Note that 14/3, 4.666, and 4.667 are examples of ways to enter a
correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 881ef5f5
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and One-variable data:

Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 881ef5f5

If a is the mean and b is the median of nine consecutive

integers, what is the value of ?

ID: 881ef5f5 Answer

Rationale
The correct answer is 0. Any nine consecutive integers can be written as , , , , , , , ,

. The mean of the integers is their sum divided by 9: , which simplifies

to . So . Since there is an odd number of integers (nine), the median is the integer in the middle when all
the integers are ordered from least to greatest: . So . Therefore, , which is 0.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID cb4894f9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates,

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: cb4894f9

A triathlon is a multisport race consisting of three different legs. A triathlon participant completed the cycling leg with an
average speed of miles per hour. What was the average speed, in yards per hour, of the participant during the
cycling leg?

ID: cb4894f9 Answer

Correct Answer: 34672

Rationale
The correct answer is . It's given that . It follows that an average speed of miles
per hour is equivalent to , or yards per hour.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID b6569d0e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Probability and

Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: b6569d0e
United States
Presidents
from 1789 to
2015
Ages Number

40–44 2

45–49 7

50–54 13

55–59 11

60–64 7

65–69 3

The table above gives the number of United States presidents from 1789 to 2015
whose age at the time they first took office is within the interval listed. Of those
presidents who were at least 50 years old when they first took office, what
fraction were at least 60 years old?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b6569d0e Answer

Correct Answer: B
Rationale
Choice B is correct. The sample space is restricted to the presidents who were at least 50 years old when they first took
office. Therefore, the sum of the values in the final four rows of the table, , is the total number of
presidents in the sample space. The number of presidents who were at least 60 years old is the sum of the values in the
final two rows of the table: . Thus, the fraction of the 34 presidents who were at least 50 years old when they

first took office who were at least 60 years old is .

Choice A is incorrect. This is the fraction of all presidents in the table who were at least 60 years old when they first took
office. Choice C is incorrect and may result from treating the number of presidents who were between 50 and 59 years
old when they first took office, instead of the number of presidents who were at least 50 years old, as the sample space.
Choice D is incorrect and may result from a calculation error.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 1180401d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates,

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 1180401d

The total area of a coastal city is 92.1 square miles, of which 11.3 square miles
is water. If the city had a population of 621,000 people in the year 2010, which of
the following is closest to the population density, in people per square mile of
land area, of the city at that time?

A. 6,740

B. 7,690

C. 55,000

D. 76,000

ID: 1180401d Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. The land area of the coastal city can be found by subtracting the area of the water from the total area
of the coastal city; that is, square miles. The population density is the population divided by the land

area, or , which is closest to 7,690 people per square mile.

Choice A is incorrect and may be the result of dividing the population by the total area, instead of the land area. Choice C
is incorrect and may be the result of dividing the population by the area of water. Choice D is incorrect and may be the
result of making a computational error with the decimal place.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID f6cbb04a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates,

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: f6cbb04a

The equation above can be used to calculate the distance d, in miles, traveled by
a car moving at a speed of 55 miles per hour over a period of t hours. For any
positive constant k, the distance the car would have traveled after hours is
how many times the distance the car would have traveled after hours?

A. 3

B. 6

C.

D.

ID: f6cbb04a Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. Since the distance is equal to the amount of time multiplied by a constant, the given equation
represents a proportional relationship between distance and time in this situation. Since , the time
when hours is 3 times the time when hours. Therefore, the distance traveled after hours is 3 times the
distance after hours.

Choices B and D are incorrect and may result from interpreting the proportional relationship between time and distance
as additive rather than multiplicative. Choice C is incorrect and may result from an arithmetic error.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 96c3e32d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates,

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 96c3e32d

One side of a flat board has an area of square inches. If a pressure of pounds per square inch of area is exerted
on this side of the board, what is the total force, in pounds, exerted on this side of the board?

ID: 96c3e32d Answer

Correct Answer: 16606

Rationale
The correct answer is . It's given that one side of a flat board has an area of square inches. If a pressure of
pounds per square inch of area is exerted on this side of the board, the total force exerted on this side of the board is
, or pounds.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 4096a482
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Inference from

Data Analysis sample statistics and
margin of error

ID: 4096a482

Based on a random sample from a population, a researcher estimated that the mean value of a certain variable for the
population is , with an associated margin of error of . Which of the following is the most appropriate conclusion?

A. It is plausible that the actual mean value of the variable for the population is between and .

B. It is not possible that the mean value of the variable for the population is less than or greater than .

C. Every value of the variable in the population is between and .

D. The mean value of the variable for the population is .

ID: 4096a482 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. It's given that based on a random sample from a population, the estimated mean value for a certain
variable for the population is , with an associated margin of error of . This means that it is plausible that the actual
mean value of the variable for the population is between and . Therefore, the most appropriate
conclusion is that it is plausible that the actual mean value of the variable for the population is between and .

Choice B is incorrect. The estimated mean value and associated margin of error describe only plausible values, not all the
possible values, for the actual mean value of the variable, so this is not an appropriate conclusion.

Choice C is incorrect. The estimated mean value and associated margin of error describe only plausible values for the
actual mean value of the variable, not all the possible values of the variable, so this is not an appropriate conclusion.

Choice D is incorrect. Since is the estimated mean value of the variable based on a random sample, the actual
mean value of the variable may not be exactly . Therefore, this is not an appropriate conclusion.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 9eb896c5
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Two-variable data:

Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 9eb896c5

Which of the following could be the equation for a line of best fit for the
data shown in the scatterplot above?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 9eb896c5 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. The data show a strong linear relationship between x and y. The line of best fit for a set of data is a
linear equation that minimizes the distances from the data points to the line. An equation for the line of best fit can be
written in slope-intercept form, , where m is the slope of the graph of the line and b is the y-coordinate of the
y-intercept of the graph. Since, for the data shown, the y-values increase as the x-values increase, the slope of a line of
best fit must be positive. The data shown lie almost in a line, so the slope can be roughly estimated using the formula for

slope, . The leftmost and rightmost data points have coordinates of about and , so the slope

is approximately , which is a little greater than 3. Extension of the line to the left would intersect the y-axis
at about . Only choice A represents a line with a slope close to 3 and a y-intercept close to .

Choice B is incorrect and may result from switching the slope and y-intercept. The line with a y-intercept of and a

slope of 0.8 is farther from the data points than the line with a slope of 3 and a y-intercept of . Choices C and D
are incorrect. They represent lines with negative slopes, not positive slopes.
Question Difficulty: Medium
Question ID 94c65646
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Percentages

Data Analysis

ID: 94c65646

is of what number?

ID: 94c65646 Answer

Correct Answer: 450

Rationale
The correct answer is . Let represent the number that is of. This can be written as , or
. Dividing both sides of this equation by yields . Therefore, is of .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 9e2bf782
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and One-variable data:

Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 9e2bf782

A fish hatchery has three tanks for holding fish before they are introduced into
the wild. Ten fish weighing less than 5 ounces are placed in tank A. Eleven fish
weighing at least 5 ounces but no more than 13 ounces are placed in tank B.
Twelve fish weighing more than 13 ounces are placed in tank C. Which of the
following could be the median of the weights, in ounces, of these 33 fish?

A. 4.5

B. 8

C. 13.5

D. 15

ID: 9e2bf782 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. The median of a set of numbers is the middle number when the values in the set are ordered from
least to greatest. There are 33 fish, so in an ordered list of the weights, the 17th value would be the median weight. The
10 fish in tank A weigh the least, and these 10 weights would be the first 10 values on the ordered list. The 11 fish in tank
B have the next set of higher weights, and so would be the 11th through 21st weights in the ordered list, which includes
the median weight as the 17th value. The fish in tank B weigh at least 5 ounces but no more than 13 ounces; of the given
choices, only 8 ounces falls within this range of values.

Choice A is incorrect. It’s given that tank A has ten fish weighing less than 5 ounces. Since there are more than ten fish in
tanks B and C combined, the median weight cannot be less than 5 ounces. Choice C and D are incorrect. It’s given that
tank C has twelve fish weighing more than 13 ounces. There are more than twelve fish in tanks A and B combined, so the
median weight can’t be more than 13 ounces.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 7b731fc3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Percentages

Data Analysis

ID: 7b731fc3

What number is greater than ?

ID: 7b731fc3 Answer

Correct Answer: 161

Rationale
The correct answer is . For a number to be greater than , it follows that the number is
, which can be written as . This expression is equivalent to
, or , which is equal to . Therefore, is greater than .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID e9f4521a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Percentages

Data Analysis

ID: e9f4521a

is of . What is the value of ?

ID: e9f4521a Answer

Correct Answer: 52

Rationale
The correct answer is . It's given that is of . It follows that . Multiplying both sides of this equation
by gives . Therefore, the value of is .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 89c39d77
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates,

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 89c39d77

A competition consisted of four different events. One participant completed the first event with an average speed of
miles per hour. What was this average speed, in yards per hour?

ID: 89c39d77 Answer

Correct Answer: 35728

Rationale
The correct answer is . It's given that . It follows that an average speed of miles
per hour is equivalent to , or yards per hour.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 8193e8cd
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and One-variable data:

Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 8193e8cd

The mean of the list of numbers above is what fraction of

the sum of the five numbers?

ID: 8193e8cd Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is . The mean of the list of numbers is found by dividing the sum of the numbers by the number of

values in the list. Since there are 5 numbers in the list, the mean is of the sum of the numbers. Note that 1/5 and .2
are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID fdfc90e4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Two-variable data:

Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: fdfc90e4

The scatterplot shows the relationship between two variables, and . A line of best fit for the data is also shown.

At , which of the following is closest to the y-value predicted by the line of best fit?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: fdfc90e4 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale
Choice C is correct. At , the line of best fit has a y-value between and . The only choice with a value between
and is choice C.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the difference between the y-value predicted by the line of best fit and the actual y-value at
rather than the y-value predicted by the line of best fit at .

Choice B is incorrect. This is the y-value predicted by the line of best fit at rather than at .

Choice D is incorrect. This is the y-value predicted by the line of best fit at rather than at .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 1e562f24
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Inference from

Data Analysis sample statistics and
margin of error

ID: 1e562f24

To estimate the proportion of a population that has a certain characteristic, a random sample was selected from the
population. Based on the sample, it is estimated that the proportion of the population that has the characteristic is ,
with an associated margin of error of . Based on this estimate and margin of error, which of the following is the most
appropriate conclusion about the proportion of the population that has the characteristic?

A. It is plausible that the proportion is between and .

B. It is plausible that the proportion is less than .

C. The proportion is exactly .

D. It is plausible that the proportion is greater than .

ID: 1e562f24 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. It’s given that the estimate for the proportion of the population that has the characteristic is
with an associated margin of error of . Subtracting the margin of error from the estimate and adding the margin of
error to the estimate gives an interval of plausible values for the true proportion of the population that has the
characteristic. Therefore, it’s plausible that the proportion of the population that has this characteristic is between
and .

Choice B is incorrect. A value less than is outside the interval of plausible values for the proportion of the
population that has the characteristic.

Choice C is incorrect. The value is an estimate for the proportion based on this sample. However, since the margin
of error for this estimate is known, the most appropriate conclusion is not that the proportion is exactly one value but
instead lies in an interval of plausible values.

Choice D is incorrect. A value greater than is outside the interval of plausible values for the proportion of the
population that has the characteristic.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 89f8d08a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Inference from

Data Analysis sample statistics and
margin of error

ID: 89f8d08a

A store manager reviewed the receipts from 80 customers who were selected at
random from all the customers who made purchases last Thursday. Of those
selected, 20 receipts showed that the customer had purchased fruit. If
1,500 customers made purchases last Thursday, which of the following is the
most appropriate conclusion?

A. Exactly 75 customers must have purchased fruit last Thursday.

B. Exactly 375 customers must have purchased fruit last Thursday.

C. The best estimate for the number of customers who purchased fruit last Thursday is 75.

D. The best estimate for the number of customers who purchased fruit last Thursday is 375.

ID: 89f8d08a Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. It’s given that the manager took a random selection of the receipts of 80 customers from a total of
1,500. It’s also given that of those 80 receipts, 20 showed that the customer had purchased fruit. This means that an

appropriate estimate of the fraction of customers who purchased fruit is , or . Multiplying this fraction by the total

number of customers yields . Therefore, the best estimate for the number of customers who
purchased fruit is 375.

Choices A and B are incorrect because an exact number of customers can’t be known from taking a random selection.
Additionally, choice A may also be the result of a calculation error. Choice C is incorrect and may result from a calculation
error.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID a3384df0
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Probability and

Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: a3384df0

Penguin Exhibit

Type of penguin Male Female Total

Chinstrap 41 59 100

Emperor 8 27 35

Gentoo 49 54 103

Macaroni 42 40 82

Total 140 180 320

The number of penguins in a zoo exhibit, sorted by gender and type of penguin,
is shown in the table above. Which type of penguin has a female population that

is the closest to being of the total female penguin population in the exhibit?

A. Chinstrap

B. Emperor

C. Gentoo

D. Macaroni

ID: a3384df0 Answer

Correct Answer: A
Rationale

Choice A is correct. It is given that there are 180 female penguins in the exhibit. Therefore, of the female penguins is

penguins. According to the table, there are 59 female chinstrap penguins, 27 female emperor penguins,
54 female gentoo penguins, and 40 female macaroni penguins. So the female chinstrap penguin population is the closest

to 60, or of the total female population in the exhibit.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect and may result from reading data from the table incorrectly. Since the total female

penguin population is 180, of the total female penguin population is 60. The numbers of female emperor (27), female
gentoo (54), and female macaroni (40) penguins are not as close to 60 as the number of female chinstrap penguins (59).

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 566759ef
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Percentages

Data Analysis

ID: 566759ef

Thomas installed a new stove in his restaurant. At the time of installation, the
stove had a value of $800. Thomas estimates that each year the value of the
stove will depreciate by 20% of the previous year’s estimated value. What is the
estimated value of the stove exactly 2 years after Thomas installed it?

A. $480

B. $512

C. $556

D. $640

ID: 566759ef Answer

Rationale
Choice B is correct. If the stove’s value depreciates by 20% of the previous year’s estimated value, then each year it
retains 100% – 20% = 80%, or 0.80, of the previous year’s estimated value. Since the stove’s value was $800 when
Thomas installed it, the estimated value after two years would be (0.80)(0.80)($800) = $512.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of the stove if each year it had depreciated by 20% of the original value rather than
by 20% of the previous year’s estimated value. Choice C is incorrect and may be the result of a computational error.
Choice D is incorrect. This is the estimated value of the stove 1 year after Thomas installed it, not 2 years.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 9ee22c16
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Inference from

Data Analysis sample statistics and
margin of error

ID: 9ee22c16
A random sample of 400 town voters were asked if they plan to vote for Candidate A or Candidate B for mayor. The
results were sorted by gender and are shown in the table below.

Plan to Plan to
vote for vote for
Candidate Candidate
A B

Female 202 20

Male 34 144

The town has a total of 6,000 voters. Based on the table, what is the best estimate of the number of voters who plan to
vote for Candidate A?

ID: 9ee22c16 Answer

Rationale
The correct answer is 3,540. According to the table, of 400 voters randomly sampled, the total number of men and
women who plan to vote for Candidate A is . The best estimate of the total number of voters in the town

who plan to vote for Candidate A is the fraction of voters in the sample who plan to vote for Candidate A, ,

multiplied by the total voter population of 6000. Therefore, the answer is .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 46b2e169
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Probability and

Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: 46b2e169

A box contains red pens and blue pens. If one of these pens is selected at random, what is the probability of
selecting a red pen? (Express your answer as a decimal or fraction, not as a percent.)

ID: 46b2e169 Answer

Correct Answer: .26, 13/50

Rationale
The correct answer is . It's given that a box contains red pens and blue pens. If one of these pens is selected at
random, the probability of selecting a red pen is the number of red pens in the box divided by the number of red and blue
pens in the box. The number of red and blue pens in the box is , or . Since there are red pens in the box, it
follows that the probability of selecting a red pen is . Note that 13/50 and .26 are examples of ways to enter a correct
answer.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID f8696cd8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Probability and

Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: f8696cd8

Human Resources Accounting

Bachelor’s degree 4 3

Master’s degree 2 6

The table above shows the number of people who work in the Human Resources
and Accounting departments of a company and the highest level of education
they have completed. A person from one of these departments is to be chosen
at random. If the person chosen works in the Human Resources department,
what is the probability that the highest level of education the person completed
is a master’s degree?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: f8696cd8 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. In total, there are 6 people in the Human Resources department. Of those 6, 2 have a master’s degree
as their highest level of education. Therefore, the probability of an employee selected at random from the Human

Resources department having a master’s degree is , which simplifies to .

Choice A is incorrect; it is the probability that an employee selected at random from either department will be in the
Human Resources department and have a master’s degree. Choice C is incorrect; it is the probability that an employee
with a master’s degree selected at random will be in the Human Resources department. Choice D is incorrect; it is the
probability that an employee selected at random from either department will have a master’s degree.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 50b2807e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Two-variable data:

Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 50b2807e

The scatterplot shows the relationship between two variables, and .

Which of the following equations is the most appropriate linear model for the data shown?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 50b2807e Answer

Correct Answer: D
Rationale
Choice D is correct. The data points suggest that as the variable increases, the variable decreases, which implies that
an appropriate linear model for the data has a negative slope. The data points also show that when is close to , is
greater than . Therefore, the y-intercept of the graph of an appropriate linear model has a y-coordinate greater than .
The graph of an equation of the form , where and are constants, has a y-intercept with a y-coordinate of
and has a slope of . Of the given choices, only choice D represents a graph that has a negative slope, , and a y-
intercept with a y-coordinate greater than , .

Choice A is incorrect. The graph of this equation has a positive slope, not a negative slope, and a y-intercept with a y-
coordinate less than , not greater than .

Choice B is incorrect. The graph of this equation has a y-intercept with a y-coordinate less than , not greater than .

Choice C is incorrect. The graph of this equation has a positive slope, not a negative slope.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 58171b5e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Two-variable data:

Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 58171b5e

Each year, the value of an investment increases by of its value the previous year. Which of the following functions
best models how the value of the investment changes over time?

A. Decreasing exponential

B. Decreasing linear

C. Increasing exponential

D. Increasing linear

ID: 58171b5e Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale
Choice C is correct. Because the value of the investment increases each year, the function that best models how the
value of the investment changes over time is an increasing function. It′s given that each year, the value of the investment
increases by of its value the previous year. Since the value of the investment changes by a fixed percentage each
year, the function that best models how the value of the investment changes over time is an exponential function.
Therefore, the function that best models how the value of the investment changes over time is an increasing exponential
function.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors. Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 51c9d65f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates,

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 51c9d65f

For a certain rectangular region, the ratio of its length to its width is to . If the width of the rectangular region
increases by units, how must the length change to maintain this ratio?

A. It must decrease by units.

B. It must increase by units.

C. It must decrease by units.

D. It must increase by units.

ID: 51c9d65f Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale
Choice B is correct. It’s given that the ratio of the rectangular region’s length to its width is to . This can be written
𝓁
as a proportion: , or . This proportion can be rewritten as 𝓁 , or 𝓁 . If the width of
the rectangular region increases by , then the length will increase by some number in order to maintain this ratio. The
value of can be found by replacing 𝓁 with 𝓁 and with in the equation, which gives 𝓁 .
This equation can be rewritten using the distributive property as 𝓁 . Since 𝓁 , the right-hand
side of this equation can be rewritten by substituting 𝓁 for , which gives 𝓁 𝓁 , or . Therefore,
if the width of the rectangular region increases by units, the length must increase by units in order to maintain the
given ratio.

Choice A is incorrect. If the width of the rectangular region increases, the length must also increase, not decrease.

Choice C is incorrect. If the width of the rectangular region increases, the length must also increase, not decrease.

Choice D is incorrect. Since the ratio of the length to the width of the rectangular region is to , if the width of the
rectangular region increases by units, the length would have to increase by a proportional amount, which would have to
be greater than units.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID e9ed719f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Probability and

Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: e9ed719f

The table summarizes the distribution of color and shape for tiles of equal area.

Red Blue Yellow Total

Square

Pentagon

Total
If one of these tiles is selected at random, what is the probability of selecting a red tile? (Express your answer as a
decimal or fraction, not as a percent.)

ID: e9ed719f Answer

Correct Answer: .3, 3/10

Rationale
The correct answer is . It’s given that there are a total of tiles of equal area, which is the total number of possible
outcomes. According to the table, there are a total of red tiles. The probability of an event occurring is the ratio of the
number of favorable outcomes to the total number of possible outcomes. By definition, the probability of selecting a red
tile is given by , or . Note that 3/10 and .3 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Medium