Republic of the Philippines

NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY

Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
CS No.14: ENG MATH 2 – 2S – 2022-2023
IM No. 14: ENG MATH 2 – 2S-2020-2021

COLLEGE OF ENGINEEERING
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

DEGREE PROGRAM BSCE COURSE NO. ENG MATH 2

SPECIALIZATION CEM/SE COURSE TITLE CALCULUS 2
YEAR LEVEL 2nd Year TIME FRAME 4hrs WK NO. 11 IM NO. 14

I. UNIT TITLE/CHAPTER TITLE: DEFINITE INTEGRAL AND ITS APPLICATIONS

II. LESSON TITLE

C. Plane Areas/Areas Between Curves

III. LESSON OVERVIEW

In this lesson expand that idea to calculate the area of more complex regions. Finding
the area between two curves that are functions of x , beginning with the simple case in
which one function value is always greater than the other. Then look at cases when the
graphs of the functions cross. Last, consider how to calculate the area between two curves
that are functions of y .

IV. DESIRED LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the topic, the students should be able to:
• tackle several integration applications with deep concentration to engineering
sciences.
• find an area between a curve and the x-axis.
• calculate the area between two curves that are functions of y.

V. LESSON CONTENT

PLANE AREAS
PROCEDURE TO SIMPLIFY AND MAKE CLEAR THE METHOD INVOLVED IN THE
SOLUTION OF PLANE AREA PROBLEMS
1. Trace the boundary curves, sketch and shade the area to be determined.
2. Draw a representative rectangular element (vertical or horizontal) of area and denote its
base and altitude or its length or width.
3. Define from the figure the limits of integration for the whole region. 4. Integrate to obtain
the area.
AREA BETWEEN TWO CURVES
1. A vertical element will be positive, if we use the y value (in term of x) of the higher point
minus y value (in terms of x) of the lower point
2. A horizontal element will be positive if we use the x value (in terms of y) of the right hand
point minus the left hand point.

“In accordance with Section 185, Fair Use of Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be
reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution,”
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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
CS No.14: ENG MATH 2 – 2S – 2022-2023
PLANE AREAS
Considering vertical strip:

𝐴 = ∫ 𝑑𝐴

2
𝐴 = ∫ 𝑦𝑑𝑥
−2

Considering horizontal strip:

𝐴 = ∫ 𝑑𝐴

2
𝐴 = ∫ 2𝑥𝑑𝑦
0

Areas between two curves:

Considering two vertical strips:
2
𝐴 = ∫ (𝑦1 − 𝑦2 )𝑑𝑥
0

Considering horizontal strips:

6
𝐴 = ∫ (𝑥1 − 𝑥2 )𝑑𝑦
0

“In accordance with Section 185, Fair Use of Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be
reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution,”
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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
CS No.14: ENG MATH 2 – 2S – 2022-2023

ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES

EXAMPLE 1: Find the area bounded by the curve y = 9 - x² and the x-axis.
SOLUTION
STEP 1: SKETCH THE CURVE
y=9-x
x2 = -y + 9
x2 = - ( y – 9 ) downward parabola; vertex
at (0, 9); latus rectum = 1

The required area is symmetrical with respect to the y-axis, in this case, integrate the half of the
area then double the result to get the total area. The use of symmetry will greatly simplify our
solution most especially to curves in polar coordinates.

USING HORIZONTAL STRIP

STEP 2: DETERMINE THE LIMITS OF THE STRIP
The strip shown will start from y = 0 and end to y = 9.

STEP 3: APPLY THE APPROPRIATE FORMULA THEN INTEGRATE.

𝑦2
𝐴 = ∫ (𝑥𝑅 − 𝑥𝑙 )𝑑𝑦
𝑦1
WHERE y1 = 0, y2 = 9,
xR = parabola = (9 – y)1/2
xL = y – axis = 0
𝑦2 9
𝐴 = ∫ (𝑥𝑅 − 𝑥𝑙 )𝑑𝑦 = 2 ∫ [(9 − 𝑦)1/2 − 0]𝑑𝑦
𝑦1 0
9
= 2 ∫ [(9 − 𝑦)1/2 ]𝑑𝑦
0
9
= −2 ∫ (9 − 𝑦)1/2 (−𝑑𝑦)
0
3 9
(9 − 𝑦)2
= −2 [ ]
3
2 0
(9 3/2 − (9 − 0)3/2
= −43 [ − 𝑦) ]
𝑦2
𝐴 = ∫ (𝑥𝑅 − 𝑥𝑙 )𝑑𝑦 = 36 𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
𝑦1

“In accordance with Section 185, Fair Use of Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be
reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution,”
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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
CS No.14: ENG MATH 2 – 2S – 2022-2023

USING VERTICAL STRIP

STEP 2: DETERMINE THE LIMITS OF THE STRIP
In this case the limits are not defined; we need to solve the points of intersection of the curves.
y = 9 – x2 when y = 0, x = 3. The strip will swipe from x = 0 to x = 3

STEP 3: APPLY THE APPROPRIATE FORMULA THEN INTEGRATE

𝑥2
𝐴 = ∫ (𝑦𝑈 − 𝑦𝐿 )𝑑𝑥
𝑥1
WHERE x1 = 0, x2 = 3,
YU = parabola = 9 – x2
xL = x – axis = 0
𝑥2 3
𝐴 = ∫ (𝑦𝑈 − 𝑦𝐿 )𝑑𝑥 = 2 ∫ [(9 − 𝑥 2 ) − 0] 𝑑𝑥
𝑥1 0
3
= 2 ∫ (9 − 𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥
0
3
𝑥3
= [9𝑥 − ]
3 0
33 03
= 2 [(9 ∙ 3 − ) − (9 ∙ 0 − )]
3 3
𝑥2
𝐴 = ∫ (𝑦𝑈 − 𝑦𝐿 )𝑑𝑥 = 36 𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
𝑥1

“In accordance with Section 185, Fair Use of Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be
reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution,”
NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220)
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 Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
CS No.14: ENG MATH 2 – 2S – 2022-2023

VI. LEARNING ACTIVITY

1. Find the area of the parabola y = 4-x² and the coordinate axes.
2. Find the area below the curve y=x²-2x+3 above the x-axis and between the lines x= -1 and
x = 3.
3. Find the area bounded by the curve y = x³ between the lines x = -2 and x = 1 and the x-
axis.
4. Find the area bounded by the curve y = x² - 4x + 2 and the line y = x-2.
5. Find the area bounded by the curve 2y² + 2y -x - 2 = 0 and the line x = 2y.
6. Find the area bounded by the parabola y2 = 4x; the lines x = 1, x4 and the x-axis.

VII. ASSIGNMENT
A. Problem Set No. 14
Direction: Evaluate the following integrals and check by differentiation. Use a short
coupon bond and make sure to use the template provided.

FROM THE ANALYTIC GEOMETRY:

REVIEW HOW TO DRAW CONIC SECTIONS; PARTICULARLY PARABOLA;
KNOW ITS CHARACTERISTICS.

FROM THE GIVEN PROBLEMS IN LEARNING ACTIVTY NUMBERS 1 TO 6;

DRAW THE CORRESPONDING FIGURE PER PROBLEM.

VIII. References
1. Person, Russel V. Calculus with Analytic Geometry. 1970. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc.
United States of America
2. Feliciano, Florentino T. and Uy, Fausto B. Differential and Integral Calculus. Merriam and
Webster Bookstore, Inc. Manila.
3. Clarke, Philip S., Jr. Calculus and Analytic Geometry.
4. Love, Clyde E. and Rainville, Earl D. 1969. Differential and Integral Calculus. Sixth Edition.
The MacMillan Company, New York.

“In accordance with Section 185, Fair Use of Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be
reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution,”
NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220)
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