Lesson Ge6
Lesson Ge6
The personal functions of art are varied and highly subjective. This means that its functions depend on the
person-artist who created the art. An artist may create an art out of the need for self-expression. An art may also be
therapeutic. Recently, the use of adult coloring books to de-stress has been apparent too.
Art is considered to have a social function if and when it addresses a particular collective interest as opposed to
a personal interest. Political art is a very common example of an art with a social function. Art may convey message
contestation, or whatever message the artist intends his work to carry. Often, art can also depict social condition.
Photography, as an art forms, deliver this kind of function by taking photos of subjects in conditions that may people do
not normally take a look at or give attention to.
The physical functions of art are the easiest to spot and understand. The physical functions of art can be found
in artworks that are crafted in order to serve some physical purpose. A Japanese raku bowl that serves a physical
function in a tea ceremony. Architecture, jewelry-making, and even interior design are all forms of arts that have
physical function.
Art as Imitation
In Plato’s metaphysics or view of reality, the things in this world are only copies of the original, the external and
the true entities that can only be found in the World of Forms. Human beings endeavor to reach the forms all
throughout this life, starting with formal education in school. From looking at “shadows in the cave,” men slowly crawl
outside to be hold the real entities in the world. For example, the chair that one sits on is not a real chair. It is an
imperfect copy of the perfect “chair” in the World of Forms.
Art as a Representation
Aristotle considered art as an aid to philosophy in revealing truth. For Aristotle, all kinds of art including poetry,
music, dance, painting and sculpture, do not aim to represent reality as it is. What are endeavors to do is to provide a
vision of what might be or the myriad possibilities in reality. Unlike Plato who thought that art is an imitation of another
imitation. Aristotle conceived of art as representing possible versions of reality.
In the third critique of Immanuel Kant “Critique of Judgement” Kant considered the judgement of beauty, the
cornerstone of art, as something that can be universal despite its subjectivity. Kant mentioned that judgement of
beauty, and therefore, art is innately autonomous from specific interests. It is a form of art that is adjudged by one who
perceives art to be beautiful or more so, sublime. Therefore, even aesthetic judgement for Kant is a cognitive activity.
For Kant, every human being, after perception and the free play of his faculties, should recognize the beauty that is
inherent in a work of art. This kind of universality that a judgement of beauty is assumed by7 Kant to have. So when the
same person says that something is beautiful, he does not just believe that the thing is beautiful for him, but in a sense,
expects that the same thing should put everyone in awe.
Leo Tolstoy defended the production of the sometimes truly extravagant art, like operas, despite extreme
poverty in the world. For him, art plays a huge role in communication to tits audience’s emotions that the artist
previously experienced. Art then serves as a language, a communication device that articulates feelings and emotions
that are otherwise unavailable to the audience. In the same way that language communicates information top other
people, art communicates emotions. Listening to music, in watching an opera, and in reading poems, the audience is at
the receiving end of the artist communicating his feelings and emotions.