Assgomert-2

)Ephin about tn dataul

DNS- Deain Nama Syatem: An appfcotton laar patoco)

defines hau -the applicatiÝn pscosnning sn di-ffesedt
each atha

DNS- Qomain ame Sytem.

DNs is a
diectoy ice hat pravideo mopping bl
t
of a host Sn netuot ad it numeical addres
tfe nome
DNS kq ulYed r tfe tuncto ning f tfe irternet
Roch node în a toee has a do main nane) ard He
a aquence of yonbals Specifiecd
full dedmain n0e
by dots.
’ DNS is a Semdce tht toansate, +te domain
|to ip addes. te Wbey
Tis alas neto to
omes when tosttng foy they host
fiendy
insted of 3emcenesg he ip- addi
ETP Site at dysf hod an Tp addo
no st People wid each he e
t 82 -(44 16s. So
SpeciftyigfpEdu -Soft com :.Tfe doman name
by
reliabe than ip odeSs

Dus TeP/Tp prstucol cved on fet

Platfomne Pe domain nane spae
+hmee ditkent Scetíony
DN
inverse
Beneic domaun:
omais
County
domains
 Jeneic demon it dene tte egisteed hast acto
to Benenc behawou
’each node is a tree defing he doma'n norey
(which s a indem to DN dtabase.
ondthese lable -that
Uses thee -chatactey lobeb
cosnbe +ti oxganization type.
Relere

Corn) lnil
edu

ate)

(chal

chal- at.fhda-edu
domoin, t is some as genehc do mnah bt
the tus-chasactes couty
Gnted stte in place of fhnee characte
OYganizational abbre vatou.
Thvese Domain - Tfe inege
an addves iLohan tte S e rhas deced a

equet tom ffe cient) Ond +he SereY Contas te

ile only autho'zed Cit ert 4elb wbeherte
rt 67) t t Sends a
cli cnt e on 4e authonsed
and dk for
Zvemy to DNS Sever mapp ing
client Itke a cweb boalr Sed a

cguest ontai ning a host nare han a pice

ONs oesover
 gody
(e
Blank A
1ireblcank A
Headea
Hoader Reazuet
ire
ire tats
mesageir
Ragponse
FTP wosking
nscatin ti
stateles.
îndapndet meda 2)
protuca) cioren ma
Plain
et
to bed prestsco) TS
fom datatratm
in
vefpone Sending
He
by epl and
erding cliet
r to deguet atsonsCettn
protxol les te t a i's
Arplieton
orlay inwsed
osltran
Ser
CCombintin HTTP
m) Sand FTe deta
#TTP
to sed prtool- TYansfer Tent
DisCUSS
 Eplain about he picrpla ef nrtwok gppi atioy
Netuorkopplcaton
în a rapd evching
land scape netua
Play a neleot font
in atosing
atevnte acos golbal relectonic mail
beial med'a Stvctuge fom on tine
ridoo streamng. lboatsng
t etost Applicction
* teface 6les a method a-nd Omputy on
ProCoa Cornmunicatto
Tanspst Sensce pidad by Vsing cntenet
Secvsy
Dta pezsis lengy

* Radundoney and (oad ealercing.

To make Se nigh auarlai lity Ond fau t folesan
netuszf oqplicoten regulaly ermpley veduodony
Casgo balancing echniquo
Progroms hare ended cp be
(uia) paot of Gtbng edge Ife sty ley Gndte
ornmuniCatian protoco) for the Peommanca ond
Healopo demand gthe g he irtal inenotiond.
bh appliootions on dAPegent hostsVañous Sevice S
to appliatens:
- Reliable Data Trans post
’ Tep Providea 9eliable dota tongport. ensues hat all poket a
aGe delroed in the cosoect oydes, and hondles oretsiarn 9rn i9sicn
any ooket is Jost coupked
-hacughpt sobe tt ohich dato an be ante.
- thsoghput efes to Hhe
gexvp

pplica tens may hove clfevent tnoughput seguisenents deperong

Cn thei natwe.

) kcuo- through put ppliaticns

-

Thring how sensitive the oppliantiorn is to

Timing Cengtoiots sefes to
deloys in data hannissien (loteny).
Read- Tne opplication 8 like vdeo al:,gaminq co live sheam
needs ow lateny
Non- seal- tine applications Fke Pile deonsoads oS email con
tleate higher delay s
- Brivocy
ensuses that data exchanged b/h the client
is protecél ficm unauthesiged trnpesinq
a 9ece vesgion o #7TA that u &e5 T3 to

prctect ckka exchong n ob nplicoher s, ensuing the potvacy.

These princpleg guide how neteok opriaticns ae
design ed e irmplernented ,ensuetng eficiency, oreliabiltty, secunity
 o the fnad delivey in e-mai?
AST E explain he vaipus pats

E-MAL : Elechonie Mail

onchanging rmes&age s oves he intesnet.
’ An e-mai) s a methpd o
Hee ae He basiog of e-mail:

ddeag : hs ia a tnigue icdentPes -Ao each user, bypieally

(DAn emoil
name omain. com.
he omat o send, sece ive 6
sotunse progvam uded to
An email ltent: hfa ie a dpple Mail!
Such as Grotl, Qutlook 9
manage emaile,
ta compten sy stern appliations sesponsble
9) An email Seyvey: ThRs
-feswog ernotls to theiy trterded snecipierte.
fes efosirg e
bf the most idely esed sevtoes
Elechonie Mai l (o-mail e one

4 this Sexviee llows an Dtenet User teo gnd a rnessage in

fonmated monnes(roil) to the cther Drteonet uses in ony p t ef
the oald.
Basic component s of E-Mai! System i
Ts rasmally a program which ia used
to send oreceive mail. Bonetirnea, i# g called as mail seades
T aeepts vaiet f cononands -sr compostng sHeoeiving e seplyin
to mes9 ages as oel as bs manipedation of mai0boxes.
Mesage Tsanster Agert( MTA): he M7TAonothes:
is achaly sesponsible
Tt toansfe) mail
fos than gfer of mail Pm one System to
to mailbexe s et eeipierts # they a9e connected h he srne
machine. The delivesy trorn MTA to anothes MTA is done by
SMTP (3nple Mail Taransfes otocol:
Sovtces provided by E-Mail syatern :
ti) Conposttion : he cormposition sIefe to proces9 hot csteate s the
mess cge s and an sweN g. Fo composition any kind of text edito
can be ued
 () Taanfea : tangfer mean8 send ing pccecse of mat! ie, frorn
he aender to secipient.
(th) Repontirg: Reontng means suefena to confismation for deliveay
of mail: Dt belp uses to check whether heis noil is cdeliveed,
lost o sejected
(iv) Diaplaying: g# smefesg to paesert rmail n srn that is
tindeagtoed b he uger .
(v) Dispoa tfion : This step concen wh secápient hat ohat otll
leep lent do afe eceivirng mail. ie; save mail, delete befote
seodirg
a detete oPlen oeoding
Woakflow of Final Emai! peliveyy
O Sender's MUA Sends he ernai) to he sernden'9 MTA.
The serdea's MTA communicote wih DN S to stetateve he
Mx seCod to ef he recepient's domain
Ote Sendes's MTA gends he emal to scepient's MTA, identftel
#nough the MX sreC0 .
The secepiert 's MTA passe8 he email to the MDA, ohieh then
delivesa i to the mailbox.
G The we cepient's MDA ret stieve s he email using eithen POP9
£MAP.
The HecepYert acCeS SeS e seads the email hrough he
MUA
énsLges hat emals
hanemiHed, ato1e d e
are ssed seliably acsoS8 netwosked emai! systern 3.
o Ccoyenient & fast communication oiHh indivickals e rcups loboly
6 Easy to stoe e geaMch tas past me ssc«qes.

O Risk of spam & phishing attacks.

Ovechelming aneeunt ot emails.
) Technical îssues; can dis9upt ernail 9evice.
 Discugs about he Aey- Peex apicafions oih an exampleg
PEER- To- PeER AepICATION8 : ae
means all oomputeae Hat
PSn he pee- to-pees netuask, all 'PeesA9
Iinked oth each ohes through intenet
netoask has not angH centoal seves, 30 each uses ig copable
pP
shaHe any types of Piles on any peer oveg this retucHk
to
oCHd, you can s0) hot evesy pees on his Pap N/
On othes Octl ag client.
|syer plays
Emples: Fanning inhodued he
college student shawn
+ Nopstesy t Amesiaan ahasiing Sevie ovey the internet
Nop ste, in 447: TH s uge e le
9et ig an Commericakon psctoccd hat a used
* B+ TosHent : Bi To
hasring it helps to distibute doto
o peeg -to-peey le
o using his pnotool is to transfen enloge frlos
Main objective A othea videco clips, al!
enablg wtth 7V shos9
Ike video fles
digttal .austio frles such ag scrgs osganiza
designd by
Skype Skype on Pap VolP ol:ernt Hat i9
kazaa lo#h of h, all IgENS on make
the help
Hon that cerhed hey must
anothe u8 e% but
Cal A gend text meg3ageg to
vofce
sn
the SkyHpe cliert.
peefpe 'per9 fsted
be &în
he peeg-to-peer poyment no,
+BtCoio : Btcoin also ues
9ed n cpenahing hat helps to
which esgptogvcphe pretocol io biteofn g.
userA a seraing 6 sieceiving
hat ts used for the
Bnutellb: Gntella ig a peen to -pees n
the n/, i lete Uses to send a obtaio
frle shairg
the inbesnet.
data Dn
to-pe eN t7le hasing opplication 9 tot
kazaa: kaza4 was pee-
Fast 7rack protocol Sicensed by Jothid TD; and
was erabled oith
a9 opeohed by Shaaman Netwoks.
i
taanses MP9 mugic les ag - well -as t
t9 main goal ag to
types etf Ales bke video and text ove the intenet,
* Kimeoise: kioewi te had sed b9 peerto- peg le
Aaee of cost fe drfPesent ypes ct operting *ytens
iroowg, os x, inux e Solaoieg
grutella no aong eith BifTogser:
Aimevwiste fmplemented Shase fos
Fee Peesg, Dne instrodu Bea9
* Beaa Shoe:
it sevised edition of 1Mesh by M
IOindow8, 8 then
aplicat icn Hot is also u9ed es
.Beaughae
peer file shasirg
*Mospheug : Mos pheu 8 also used o Aile shaing e
- to-peey elient to Mic HoSoP oindow 5, 4 # was de
d'toibustecd by SteomCast csganiyaticn: