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CSL 410 L08

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9 views17 pages

CSL 410 L08

Uploaded by

rpschauhan2003
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Program:B.

Tech(CSE) IV Semester II Year

CSL-410: Data Science using Python

Unit No. 2
NumPy-Data Types

Lecture No. 08

Dr. Sanjay Jain


Associate Professor, CSA/SOET
Outlines
• Introduction of NumPy
• NUMPY − ENVIRONMENT
• NumPy Arrays
• NUMPY − NDARRAY OBJECT
• Create Array
• NumPy-Data Types
• Examples
• References
Student Effective Learning Outcomes(SELO)
01: Ability to understand subject related concepts clearly along with
contemporary issues.
02: Ability to use updated tools, techniques and skills for effective domain
specific practices.
03: Understanding available tools and products and ability to use it
effectively.
NumPy-Data Types
• NumPy supports a much greater variety of numerical types than Python does.
The following table shows different scalar data types defined in NumPy.
Data Types Description
bool_ Boolean (True or False) stored as a byte
int_ Default integer type (same as C long;normally either int64 or int32)
intc Identical to C int (normally int32 or int64)
intp Integer used for indexing (same as C ssize_t;normally either int32 or int64)
int8 Byte (-128 to 127)
int16 Integer (-32768 to 32767)
int32 Integer (-2147483648 to 2147483647)
int64 Integer (-9223372036854775808 to 9223372036854775807)
uint8 Unsigned integer (0 to 255)
uint16 Unsigned integer (0 to 65535)
uint32 Unsigned integer (0 to 4294967295)
uint64 Unsigned integer (0 to 18446744073709551615)
float_ Shorthand for float64
float16 Half precision float: sign bit, 5 bits exponent, 10 bits mantissa
float32 Single precision float: sign bit, 8 bits exponent, 23 bits mantissa

float64 Double precision float: sign bit, 11 bits exponent, 52bits mantissa
complex_ Shorthand for complex128
complex64 Complex number, represented by two 32-bit floats (real and imaginary components)

complex128 Complex number, represented by two 64-bit floats (real and imaginary components)

<SELO: 1,2,3> <Reference No.: R1,R2,R3>


NumPy-Data Types
• Data Type Objects (dtype): A data type object describes interpretation of
fixed block of memory corresponding to an array, depending on the
following aspects:
– Type of data (integer, float or Python object)
– Size of data
– Byte order (little-endian or big-endian)
– In case of structured type, the names of fields, data type of each field
and part of the memory block taken by each field
– If data type is a subarray, its shape and data type

<SELO: 1,2,3> <Reference No.: R1,R2,R3>


NumPy-Data Types

A dtype object is constructed using the following syntax:


numpy.dtype(object, align, copy)
The parameters are:
– Object: To be converted to data type object
– Align: If true, adds padding to the field to make it similar to C-struct
– Copy: Makes a new copy of dtype object. If false, the result is reference
to builtin data type object

<SELO: 1,2,3> <Reference No.: R1,R2,R3>


NumPy-Data Types

Example 1
# using array-scalar type
import numpy as np
dt=np.dtype(np.int32)
print dt

The output is as follows:


int32

<SELO: 1,2,3> <Reference No.: R1,R2,R3>


NumPy-Data Types

Example 2
#int8, int16, int32, int64 can be replaced by equivalent string 'i1', 'i2','i4', etc.
import numpy as np
dt = np.dtype('i4')
print dt

The output is as follows:


int32

<SELO: 1,2,3> <Reference No.: R1,R2,R3>


NumPy-Data Types

Example 3
# using endian notation
import numpy as np
dt = np.dtype('>i4')
print dt

The output is as follows:


>i4

<SELO: 1,2,3> <Reference No.: R1,R2,R3>


NumPy-Data Types

Example 4: The following examples show the use of structured data type.
Here, the field name and the corresponding scalar data type is to be
declared.
# first create structured data type
import numpy as np
dt = np.dtype([('age',np.int8)])
print dt

The output is as follows:


[('age', 'i1')]

<SELO: 1,2,3> <Reference No.: R1,R2,R3>


NumPy-Data Types

Example 5:
# now apply it to ndarray object
import numpy as np
dt = np.dtype([('age',np.int8)])
a = np.array([(10,),(20,),(30,)], dtype=dt)
print a

The output is as follows:


[(10,) (20,) (30,)]

<SELO: 1,2,3> <Reference No.: R1,R2,R3>


NumPy-Data Types

Example 6:
# file name can be used to access content of age column
import numpy as np
dt = np.dtype([('age',np.int8)])
a = np.array([(10,),(20,),(30,)], dtype=dt)
print a['age']

The output is as follows:


[10 20 30]

<SELO: 1,2,3> <Reference No.: R1,R2,R3>


NumPy-Data Types

Example 7: The following examples define a structured data type called


student with a string field 'name', an integer field 'age' and a float field
'marks'. This dtype is applied to ndarray object.

import numpy as np
student=np.dtype([('name','S20'), ('age', 'i1'), ('marks', 'f4')])
print student
a = np.array([('abc', 21, 50),('xyz', 18, 75)], dtype=student)
print a
The output is as follows:
[('name', 'S20'), ('age', 'i1'), ('marks', '<f4')])
[('abc', 21, 50.0), ('xyz', 18, 75.0)]
<SELO: 1,2,3> <Reference No.: R1,R2,R3>
NumPy-Data Types
• Each built-in data type has a character code that uniquely identifies it.
– 'b': boolean
– 'i': (signed) integer
– 'u': unsigned integer
– 'f': floating-point
– 'c': complex-floating point
– 'm': timedelta
– 'M': datetime
– 'O': (Python) objects
– 'S', 'a': (byte-)string
– 'U': Unicode
– 'V': raw data (void)

<SELO: 1,2,3> <Reference No.: R1,R2,R3>


Learning Outcomes

The students have learn and understand the followings:

•NumPy-Data Types
References

1. Data Science with Python by by Aaron England, Mohamed Noordeen


Alaudeen, and Rohan Chopra. Packt Publishing; July 2019
2. https://intellipaat.com/blog/what-is-data-science/
3. https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc20_cs36/
Thank you

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