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JSS2 Connectives

english studies

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29 views6 pages

JSS2 Connectives

english studies

Uploaded by

fatimaabuyal38
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Class: JSS1 week Ten

Subject: English Studies


Aspect: grammar
Topics: Connectives And Semicolon
Tutor: Mr Ogar
What is a Connective?
A connective is a word or phrase that is used to connect words/phrases/sentences
together to form longer sentences and improve the flow of writing. They can link ideas,
provide additional information, compare and contrast, indicate reasons and
consequences, and more. Connectives are also known as linking words or transition
words.

What is a Connective Device?

Here, the conjunction 'and' is used as a connective device.


I love both chocolate and vanilla ice cream.

In the sentence, the connective ‘and’ is used to show addition and indicate that the
subject loves both chocolate and vanilla ice cream.

Forms of Connective Devices and Examples.


Connective devices can serve various purposes, including:

first, next, then, finally


Sequencing
Help organize ideas in a
specific order.

and, also, furthermore


Addition
Indicate that more
information is being added.

similarly, likewise, in the


same way
Comparison
Show similarities between
ideas.

but, however, on the other


hand
Contrast
Highlight differences or
contrasts between ideas.

because, therefore, so
Cause and
Effect Indicate reasons and
consequences.
in conclusion, to sum up,
overall
Conclusion
Signal the end of a
discussion or a summary.

especially, above all, notably


Emphasis
Emphasize particular points.

for example, in particular,


such as
Illustration
Provide specific examples.

in order to, so that, to


Purpose
Show the intention behind an
action.

meanwhile, subsequently,
before
Time
Help indicate when events
occurred.

For example:

If we want to talk about how much we love soup, we might say, 'I like tomato soup', and
'I like carrot soup'.

The word and is our connective. It helps us connect our love for tomato and carrot soup
and creates a more descriptive sentence — 'I like tomato and carrot soup.'

Types of connectives and examples


A. Conjunctions: They are a type of connective BUT they’re not the same.
Conjunctions join words, phrases, clauses and sentences together to form
longer complex sentences.
• For example: and, but, for, or, yet.
• Today, I finished my history assignment but forgot to workout.
B. Prepositions: describe the relative location, place and time between two
things. They demonstrate time and space, direction and agency.
• Such as: at, in, of, on, under.
• I need to finish the conclusion of my essay before I go to dinner.
C. Adverbs; modify verbs, adjectives and clauses. Adverbs explain how an action
is carried out by adding detail, describing manner, and showing the how,
when, where and why of the action.
• For instance: upwards, quickly, fortunately.
• My deadline is tomorrow. Fortunately, I proofread my thesis chapter
already.
These examples all demonstrate opposition:
• Winston Churchill is best known for his wartime leadership of the United
Kingdom, yet he was already in his 60’s when he took office.
Some students find great study motivation from starting the day with their hardest
task. In contrast, others find getting the ball rolling with smaller tasks more effective.
• Our first questionnaire was comprised of six questions. However, for our second
questionnaire we …

Topic2: SEMICOLON (;)


What is Semicolon?
It is no accident that a semicolon (;) is a period atop a comma. Like commas,
semicolons indicate an audible pause—slightly longer than a comma's, but short of a
period's full stop.

Example:

• I have a meeting tomorrow morning; I can not go out tonight.


Rules and Uses of Semicolon

Rule 1: A semicolon can replace a period if the writer wishes to narrow the gap
between two closely linked sentences (independent clauses).

Examples:
• Call me tomorrow; you can give me an answer then.
• We have paid our dues; we expect all the privileges listed in the contract.

Rule 2: Use a semicolon before such words and terms as namely, however, therefore,
that is, i.e., for example, e.g., for instance, etc., when they introduce a complete
sentence. It is also preferable to use a comma after these words and terms.

Example:

• Bring any two items; however, sleeping bags and tents are in short supply.

Rule 3: Use a semicolon to separate units of a series when one or more of the units
contain commas.

Example:
• The conference has people who have come from Moscow, Idaho; Springfield,
California; Alamo, Tennessee; and other places as well.
Rule 4: A semicolon may be used between independent clauses joined by a connector,
such as and, but, or, nor, etc., when one or more commas appear in the first clause.

Example:
• When I finish here, and I will soon, I'll be glad to help you; and that is a
promise I will keep.

Rule 5: Do not capitalize ordinary words after a semicolon.

Example:
• I am here; you are over there.

Assignment

1. Enumerate and explain any three forms of connectives with


appropriate examples.

2. Enumerate two uses of semicolon with appropriate examples.

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