Equilibrium

Question1
For the reaction N2O4(g) ⇌ 2NO2(g), Kp = 0.492atm at 300K. Kc for the reaction at
same temperature is × 10−2.

(Given : R = 0.082L atmmol−1K−1)

[29-Jan-2024 Shift 1]

Answer: 2

Solution:

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Question2
The following concentrations were observed at 500K for the formation
of NH3 from N2 and H2. At equilibrium :

[N2] = 2 × 10−2M, [H2] = 3 × 10−2M and [NH3] = 1.5 × 10−2M. Equilibrium constant
for the reaction is___

[29-Jan-2024 Shift 2]

Answer: 417

Solution:

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Question3
For the given reaction, choose the correct expression of KC from the following :-

[31-Jan-2024 Shift 1]
Options:

A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: A

Solution:

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Question4
Given below are two statements :

Statement (I) : Aqueous solution of ammonium carbonate is basic.

Statement (II) : Acidic/basic nature of salt solution of a salt of weak acid and weak base
depends on Ka and Kb value of acid and the base forming it.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the
options given below :

[27-Jan-2024 Shift 1]

Options:

A.
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct

B.
Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect

C.
Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect

D.
Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct

Answer: A

Solution:

Aqueous solution of (NH4)2CO3 is Basic

pH of salt of weak acid and weak base depends on Ka and Kb value of acid and the base forming it

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Question5
Which of the following is strongest Bronsted base?

[27-Jan-2024 Shift 1]
Options:

A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: D

Solution:

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Question6
The pH at which Mg(OH)2[K sp = 1 × 10−11] begins to precipitate from a solution
containing 0.10M Mg2+ ions is____

[30-Jan-2024 Shift 1]

Answer: 9

Solution:
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Question7
The pH of an aqueous solution containing 1M benzoic acid (pKa =
4.20) and 1M sodium benzoate is 4.5. The volume of benzoic acid solution in 300 mL of
this buffer solution is_____ mL.

[30-Jan-2024 Shift 2]

Answer: 100

Solution:

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Question8
Ka for CH3COOH is 1.8 × 10−5 and Kb for NH4OH is 1.8 × 10−5. The pH of ammonium
acetate solution will be

[1-Feb-2024 Shift 1]

Answer: 7

Solution:

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Question9
Solubility of calcium phosphate (molecular mass, M) in water is Wg per 100mL at 25∘C.
Its solubility product at 25∘C will be approximately.

[1-Feb-2024 Shift 2]
Options:

A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: B

Solution:

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Question10
−5
The dissociation constant of acetic is x × 10 . When 25 mL of 0.2M CH3 COONa
solution is mixed with 25 mL of 0.02 M CH3 COOH solution, the pH of the resultant
solution is found to be equal to 5 . The value of x is___
[24-Jan-2023 Shift 1]
Answer: 10

Solution:

Solution:
Buffer of HOAc and NaOAc
0.1
pH = pKa + log
0.01
5 = pKa + 1
pKa = 4
Ka = 10−4
x = 10
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Question11
If the pKa of lactic acid is 5 , then the pH of 0.005M calcium lactate solution at 25∘C is
−1
______×10 (Nearest integer)
Lactic acid
H
|
C
CH 3 − − COOH
|
OH

[24-Jan-2023 Shift 2]

Answer: 85

Solution:

Concentration of calcium lactate = 0.005M,: concentration of lactate ion = (2 × 0.005)M. Calcium lactate is a salt of weak acid + strong base ∴
Salt hydrolysis will take place.
1
pH = 7 + (pKa + log C)
2
1
= 7 + (5 + log(2 × 0.005))
2
1 1
= 7 + [5 − 2 log 10] = 7 + × 3 = 8.5 = 85 × 10−1
2 2

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Question12
A litre of buffer solution contains 0.1 mole of each of NH3 and NH4 Cl. On the addition
of 0.02 mole of HCl by dissolving gaseous HCl, the pH of the solution is found to be
________ ×10−3( Nearest integer)
[ . Given : pKb(NH3) = 4.745
log 2 = 0.301
log 3 = 0.477
T = 298K ]
[25-Jan-2023 Shift 1]

Answer: 9079

Solution:

In resultant solution
nNH = 0.1 − 0.02 = 0.08
3

nNH Cl
=n + = 0.1 + 0.02 = 0.12
4 NH4
+
[NH4 ]
pOH = pK bb + log
[NH3]
0.12
= 4.745 + log
0.08
3
= 4.745 + log
2
= 4.745 + 0.477 − 0.301
pOH = 4.921
pH = 14 − pH
= 9.079
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Question13
 +
When the hydrogen ion concentration [H ]changes by a factor of 1000 , the value of pH
of the solution _______.
[25-Jan-2023 Shift 2]
Options:

A. increases by 1000 units

B. decreases by 3 units

C. decreases by 2 units

D. increases by 2 units

Answer: B

Solution:
+
∆ [H ] = 1000
+ 3
∆ pH = −log ∆ [H ] = −log 10
= −3

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Question14
Match List I with List II

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :-

[25-Jan-2023 Shift 2]
Options:

A. A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III

B. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV

C. A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I

D. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

Answer: D

Solution:

1
Basic Strength α
pKb
b
Order for pK :A>B>D>C
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Question15
Millimoles of calcium hydroxyide required to produce 100 mL of the aqueous solution of
pH 12 is x × 10−1. The value of x is _______(Nearest integer).
Assume complete dissociation.
[29-Jan-2023 Shift 1]

Answer: 5

Solution:

∵pH = 12
+ −12
∴[H ] = 10 M
− −2
∴[OH ] = 10 M
−3
∴[Ca(OH)2] = 5 × 10 M
milli moles of Ca (OH)2
5 × 10−3 =
100 mL
milli moles of Ca(OH)2 = 5 × 10−1

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Question16
600 mL of 0.01M HCl is mixed with 400 mL of 0.01MH2SO4. The pH of the mixture is
−2
_______ ×10 . (Nearest integer)
[Given log 2 = 0.30, log 3 = 0.48
log 5 = 0.69 log 7 = 0.84
log 11 = 1.04 ]
[30-Jan-2023 Shift 1]
Answer: 186

Solution:

+
Total milimoles of H = (600 × 0.01) + (400 × 0.01 × 2)
= 14
+ 14 −3
[H ] = = 14 × 10
1000
pH = 3 − log 14
= 1.86
−2
= 186 × 10

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Question17
The correct order of pKa values for the following compounds is:

[30-Jan-2023 Shift 2]
Options:

A. c > a > d > b

B. b > d > a > c

C. b > a > d > c

D. a > b> c > d

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
Due to −M effect of −NO2 group, it increases acidity +M effect of N(CH3)2 decreases acidity.
Hyperconjugation of isopropyl decrease acidity
∴ order of acidic strength
(c) > (a) > (d) > (b)

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Question18
2+ − 2−
The logarithm of equilibrium constant for the reaction Pd + 4Cl ⇌ PdCl4 is _______
(Nearest integer)
Given : 2.303
F
RT
= 0.06V
Pd(aq)2+ + 2e− ⇌ Pd( s) E∘ = 0.83V
2− − −
PdCl4 (aq) + 2e ⇌ Pd( s) + 4Cl (aq)
E∘ = 0.65V
[31-Jan-2023 Shift 1]

Answer: 6

Solution:
Sol. ∆ G∘ = −RT ℓ n K
− nFE cell 0 = −RT × 2.303(log10K)
E Cell 0
× n = log K . . . (1)
0.06
+2
Pd (aq.) + not mathcal Le− ⇌ Pd( s), E cat,red ∘
= 0.83
−
Pd( s) + 4Cl (aq.) ⇌ PdCl42−, −
(aq) + 2e , E mat.ouir 0
= 0.65
2+ − 2−
Net Reaction → Pd (aq.) + 4Cl (aq.) ⇌ PdCl4 (aq.)
∘ ∘ ∘
E cell = E cat,red − E Alode , 0cd
a

∘
E cell = 0.83 − 0.65
∘
E cell = 0.18 . . . (2)
Also n = 2 . . . (3)
Using equation (1), (2) & (3)
log K = 6

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Question19
Incorrect statement for the use of indicators in acid-base titration is :
[31-Jan-2023 Shift 2]
Options:

A. Methyl orange may be used for a weak acid vs weak base titration.

B. Methyl orange is a suitable indicator for a strong acid vs weak base titration

C. Phenolphthalein is a suitable indicator for a weak acid vs strong base titration

D. Phenolphthalein may be used for a strong acid vs strong base titration.

Answer: A
Solution:
Methyl orange may be used for a strong acid vs strong base and strong acid vs weak base titration. Phenolpthalein may be used for a strong acid
vs strong base and weak acid vs strong base titration.

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Question20
−3 −1
At 298K, the solubility of silver chloride in water is 1.434 × 10 gL . The value of
−log K sp for silver chloride is
(Given mass of Ag is 107.9gmol−1 and mass of Cl is _______ 35.5gmol−1 )
[31-Jan-2023 Shift 2]

Answer: 10

Solution:
+ −
AgCl( s) → Ag (aq.
S
)+ Cl (aq.)
Cl

( 143.4 × 10 )
1.43 2
2 −3 −10
K sp = S = = 10
− log K sp = 10

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Question21
∘
Consider the following reaction approaching equilibrium at 27 C and 1 atm pressure
3
Kf = 10
A+B ⇌
2
C+D
Kr = 10

The standard Gibb's energy change (∆r G∘) at 27∘C is (-) _______ kJ mol−1
(Nearest integer).
(Given : R = 8.3JK−1mol−1 and ln 10 = 2.3 )
[29-Jan-2023 Shift 1]

Answer: 6

Solution:

Solution:
∘
∵ ∆G = −RT ln Keq
Kf
and Keq =
Kb
3
10
∴ Keq = 2
= 10
10
∴ ∆G = −RT ln 10
⇒ −(8.3 × 300 × 2.3) = −5.7 kJ mole = 6 kJ
−1
mole ( nearest integer)
Ans = 6
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Question22
At 298K
5
N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g), K1 = 4 × 10
N2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2 NO(g), K2 = 1.6 × 1012
H2(g) + 1
O (g)
2 2
⇌ H2O(g), K3 = 1.0 × 10−13
Based on above equilibria, the equilibrium constant of the reaction,
−33
2NH3(g) + 52 O2(g) ⇌ 2 NO(g) + 3H2O(g)is _______ ×10
(Nearest integer)
[29-Jan-2023 Shift 2]

Answer: 4

Solution:

5
N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g), K1 = 4 × 10 . . . (i)
12
N2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2 NO(g), K2 = 1.6 × 10 ... (ii)
1 −13
H2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ H2O(g), K3 = 1.0 × 10 ... (iii)
2
(ii) + 3 × ( iii) − (i)
5
2NH3(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2 NO(g) + 3H2O(g)
2
3
k2 × k3 12
1.6 × 10 × (10
−13 3
)
k eq = =
k1 4 × 10
5

1.6 −32 −33

= × 10 = 4 × 10
4
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Question23
Consider the following equation:
2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3(g), ∆H = −190 kJ
The number of factors which will increase the yield of SO3 at equilibrium from the
following is _______
A. Increasing temperature
B. Increasing pressure
C. Adding more SO2
D. Adding more O2
E. Addition of catalyst
[30-Jan-2023 Shift 2]

Answer: 3

Solution:
The yield of SO3 at equilibrium will be due to:
B. Increasing pressure
C. Adding more SO2
D. Adding more O2
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Question24
For reaction: SO2(g) + 1
O (g)
2 2
⇌ SO3(g) K P = 2 × 1012 at 27∘C and 1 atm pressure. The
13
Kc for the same reaction is _______ ×10 . (Nearest integer)
−1 −1
(Given R = 0.082L atm K mol )
[31-Jan-2023 Shift 1]

Answer: 1
Solution:
1
SO2(g) + O ⇌ SO3(g)
2 2(g)
12
Kp = 2 × 10 at 300K
∆ng
KP = KC × (RT)
12 −1 ∕ 2
2 × 10 = Kc × (0.082 × 300)
12
KC = 9.92 × 10
13
KC = 0.992 × 10
Ans. 1

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Question25
For independent process at 300 K.

The number of non-spontaneous process from the following is____

[24-Jan-2023 Shift 1]

Answer: 2

Solution:

:
∆ G = ∆H − T ∆ S
−1 3
A : ∆G(Jmol ) = −25 × 10 + 80 × 300 : −ve
−1 3
B : ∆G(Jmol ) = −22 × 10 − 40 × 300 : −ve
−1 3
C : ∆G(Jmol ) = 25 × 10 + 300 × 50 : +ve
−1 3
D : ∆G(Jmol ) = 22 × 10 − 20 × 300 : +ve
Processes C and D are non-spontaneous.
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Question26
Water decomposes at 2300K
H2O(g) → H2(g) + 12 O2(g)
The percent of water decomposing at 2300K and 1 bar is ________ (Nearest integer).
Equilibrium constant for the reaction is 2 × 10−3 at 2300K
[29-Jan-2023 Shift 1]

Answer: 2

Solution:

1
H2O(g) ⇌ H2(g) + O (g)
2 2
P0α
P0[1 − α] P0α partial pr. at eq.
2

[
P0 1 +
α
2 ]
= 1 . . . (i)
 1∕2
( PH ) ( PO )
Kp = 2 2

PH O
2

( )
P0α 1∕2
(P0α)
2 −3
= 2 × 10
P0[1 − α]
since α is negligible w.r.t 1 so P0 = 1 and 1 − α ≈ 1
α√α −3
= 2 × 10
√2
3∕2 3∕2 −3
α =2 × 10
3∕2×2∕3 −3 × 2 ∕ 3
α=2 × 10
−2
α = 2 × 10 %α = 2%
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Question27
∘
At 25 C, the enthalpy of the following processes are given:
H2(g) + O2(g) → 2 OH(g) ∆ H0 = 78 kJ mol−1
H2(g) + 1 ∕ 2O2(g) → H2O(g) ∆ H0 = −242 kJ mol−1
0 −1
H2(g) → 2H(g) ∆ H = 436 kJ mol
1 ∕ 2O2(g) → O(g) ∆ H0 = 249 kJ mol−1
What would be the value of X for the following reaction? _______ (Nearest integer)
H2O(g) → H(g) + OH(g) ∆ Ho = X kJ mol−1
[1-Feb-2023 Shift 1]

Answer: 499

Solution:
2H2O(g) → 2H2(g) + O2(g) + (242 × 2) kJ mol−1
H2(g) + O2(g) → 2 OH + 78 kJ mol−1
H2(g) → 2H + 436 kJ mol−1
−1
2H2O → 2H + 2 OH + 998 kJ mol

1
H2O → H + OH 998× = +499 kJ mol−1
2
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Question28
(i) X(g) ⇌ Y(g) + Z(g)Kp1 = 3
(ii) A(g) ⇌ 2B(g) Kp2 = 1
If the degree of dissociation and initial concentration of both the reactants X (g) and

A(g) are equal, then the ratio of the total pressure at equilibrium ( ) is equal to
p1
p2

x : 1. The value of x is ________ (Nearest integer)

[1-Feb-2023 Shift 1]

Answer: 12

Solution:
x(g) ⇌ y(g) + z(g) kp = 3
1
Initial moles n − −
at equilibrium n − αn αn αn
 ( 1 +α α × p )
2
1
kp =
1 1−α
p
1+α 1
2
α × p1
3= 2
1−α
A(g) ⇌ 2B(g) kp = 1
2

Initial mole n −
at equilibrium x − αn 2αn p total = p2

( 12α ×p )
2
2
+α
kp =
2 1−α
× p2
1+α
2
4α × p2
1= 2
1−α
kp p1
1
=
kp 4p2
2

3 p1
= ∴ p1 : p2 = 12 : 1
1 4p2
x = 12
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Question29
The effect of addition of helium gas to the following reaction in equilibrium state, is :
PCI5(g) ⇌ PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)
[1-Feb-2023 Shift 2]
Options:

A. the equilibrium will shift in the forward direction and more of Cl2 and PCl3 gases will be produced.

B. the equilibrium will go backward due to suppression of dissociation of PCl5.

C. helium will deactivate PCl5 and reaction will stop.

D. addition of helium will not affect the equilibrium.

Answer: 0

Solution:

Solution:
PCI5(g) ⇌ PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)
(Case 1 : At constant P - volume will increase so reaction will shift in forward direction then answer will be A
Case 2 : At constant volume no change in active mass so reaction will not shift in any direction then answer will be D.

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Question30
For a concentrated solution of a weak electrolyte ( Keq = equilibrium constant) A2B3 of
concentration ' c ', the degree of dissociation " α ' is
[6-Apr-2023 shift 1]
Options:

1
A. ( Keq
108c4 ) 5

1
B. ( ) Keq
6c5
5

1
C. ( ) Keq
5c4
5

1
D. ( 25c2
Keq
) 5
Answer: A

Solution:
3+ 2−
A2B3 (aq.) ⇌ 2A(aq.) + 3B(aq)
c(1 − α) 2cα 3cα
3+ 2 2− 3 2 2 3 3
[A ] [B ] 4c α × 27c α
Keq = =
[A2B3] c(1 − α)
1
( )
5 5
108c α Keq 5
Keq = = α=
c 108c
4

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Question31
The number of correct statement/s involving equilibria in physical from the following is
________
[10-Apr-2023 shift 1]
Options:

A. Equilibrium is possible only in a closed system at a given temperature.

B. Both the opposing processes occur at the same rate.

C. When equilibrium is attained at a given temperature, the value of all its parameters

D. For dissolution of solids in liquids, the solubility is constant at a given temperature.

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
(A) is correct
(B) for equilibrium rf = rb ⇒(B) is correct
(C) at equilibrium the value of parameters become constant of a given temperature and not equal ⇒(C) is incorrect
(D) for a given solid solute and a liquid solvent solubility depends upon temperature only ⇒(D) is correct

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Question32
The equilibrium composition for the reaction PCl3 + Cl2 ⇌ PCl5 at 298K is given below.
[PCl3]eq = 0.2 mol L−1 [Cl2]eq = 0.1 mol L−1 ,
[PCl5]eq = 0.40 mol L−1
If 0.2 mol of Cl2 is added at the same temperature, the equilibrium concentrations of
PCl5 is ______ × 10−2 mol L−1 .
Given : Kc for the reaction at 298K is 20
[6-Apr-2023 shift 2]

Answer: 48

Solution:

PCl3 + Cl2 ⇌ PCl5

0.2M (0.1 + 0.2)M 0.4M
m
E q ⋅ 0.2 − x 0.3 − x 0.4 + x
(0.4 + x)
= 20
(0.2 − x)(0.3 − x)
⇒x ≃ 0.086
−2
[PCl5] eq = 0.486M = 48.6 × 10 M

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Question33
A mixture of 1 mole of H2O and 1 mole of CO is taken in a 10 litre container and heated
to 725K. At equilibrium 40% of water by mass reacts with carbon monoxide according
to the equation : CO(g) + H2O(g)⇌ CO2(g) + H2(g). The equilibrium constant Ke × 102 for
the reaction is ________ (Nearest integer)
[11-Apr-2023 shift 1]

Answer: 44

Solution:

CO(g) + H2O(g) ⇌ CO2(g) + H2(g)

1 mole 1 mole
0.4 × 0.4 4
Kc = =
0.6 × 0.6 9
2 4 400
Kc × 10 = × 100 = = 44.44 ≈ 44
9 9

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Question34
4.5 moles each of hydrogen and iodine is heated in a sealed ten litre vessel. At
equilibrium, 3 moles of HI were found. The equilibrium constant for
H2(g) + I2(g) ⇌ 2 HI(g) is ________
[11-Apr-2023 shift 2]

Answer: 1

Solution:

2 2
[HI] (3) 9
Kc = = = =1
[H2][I2] 3×3 9

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Question35
The titration curve of weak acid vs. strong base with phenolphthalein as indictor) is
−10
shown below. The K phenolphthalein = 4 × 10
Given :log 2 = 0.3

The number of following statements/s which is/are correct about phenolphthalein is

________
[8-Apr-2023 shift 1]
Options:

A. It can be used as an indicator for the titration of weak acid with weak base.

B. It begins to change colour at pH = 8.4

C. It is a weak organic base

D. It is colourless in acidic medium

Answer: B

Solution:
(B) pkn = −log(4 × 10−10) = 9.4
Indicator range
⇒pkIn ± 1
i.e. 8.4 to 10.4
(D) In acidic medium, phenolphthalein is in unionized form and is colourless.

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Question36
Given below are two statements :
Statement I : Methyl orange is a weak acid.
Statement II : The benzenoid form of methyl orange is more intense/deeply coloured
than the quinonoid form.
In the light of the above statement, choose the most appropriate answer from the
options given below:
[8-Apr-2023 shift 2]
Options:

A. Both statement I and statement II are incorrect

B. Both statement I and Statement II are correct

C. Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect

D. Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct

Answer: A

Solution:

(i) Methy orange is weak base

(ii) So both statement are false

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Question37
The solubility product of BaSO4 is _______ 1 × 10−10 at 298K. The solubility of BaSO4 in
−9 −1
0.1MK2SO4 (aq) solut is ×10 gL (Nearest integer)
−1
Given: Molar mass of BaSO4 is 233gmol
[8-Apr-2023 shift 2]
Answer: 233

Solution:

−10
K sp = x(x + 0.1) = 10
−10
0.1x = 10
−9
x = 10 M
x( in g ∕ l) = 233 × 10−9
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Question38
An analyst wants to convert 1L HCl of pH = 1 to a solution of HCl of pH 2. The volume of
water needed to do this dilution is _______ mL. (Nearest integer)
[12-Apr-2023 shift 1]

Answer: 9000

Solution:

(M1 × V1) (M2 × V2)

−1 = − 2
10 × 1 10 × V2
V2 = 10L
Water added = 10 − 1
= 9 Litre
= 9000 mL
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Question39
25.0 mL of 0.050 MBa(NO3)2 is mixed with 25.0 mL of 0.020M NaF . K sp of BaF2 is
0.5 × 10−6 at 298K. The ratio of [Ba2+][F−]2 and K sp is _________ . (Nearest integer)
[13-Apr-2023 shift 1]

Answer: 5

Solution:

+2 25 × 0.05
[Ba ]= = 0.025M
50
25 × 0.02
[F−] = = 0.01M
50
+2 − 2 −7
[Ba ][F ] = 25 × 10
−7
K sp = 5 × 10 (given)
[Ba+2][F−]2
Ratio = =5
K sp
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Question40
20 mL of 0.1M NaOH is added to 50 mL of 0.1M acetic acid solution. The pH of the
−2
resulting solution is _______ ×10 (Nearest integer)
Given : pKa(CH3 COOH) = 4.76
 log 2 = 0.30
log 3 = 0.48
[13-Apr-2023 shift 2]

Answer: 458

Solution:

[ salt ]
pH = pKa + log10
[ acid ]
2
pH = 4.76 + log10
3
pH = 4.58 = 458 × 10−2

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Question41
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
(A) The pH of 1 × 10−8M HCl solution is 8
− 2−
(B) The conjugate hase of H2PH4 is HPO4
(C) Kw increases with increase in temperature.
(D) When a solution of a weak monoprotic acid is titrated against a strong base at half
neutralisation point.
pH = 12 pKa
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
[15-Apr-2023 shift 1]
Options:

A. (A), (B). (C)

B. (A), (D)

C. (B), (C)

D. (B), (C). (D)

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
−8
(A) pH of 10 M HCl in acidic range (6.98).
− 2−
(B) Conjugate Base of H2PO4 is HPO4
(C) Kw increases with increasing Temperature, as the temperature increases, the dissociation of water increases.
(D) At half neutralization point, half of the acid is present in the from salt.
1
pH = Pka + log = Pka
1

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question42
For a reaction at equilibrium
A(g) ⇌ B(g) + 12 C(g)
the relation between dissociation constant (K), degree of dissociation (α) and
equilibrium pressure (p) is given by:
[24-Jun-2022-Shift-1]
Options:

1 3
α2p2
A. K =
1
( 3
)
1 + α 2 (1 − α)
2

3 1
α2p2
B. K =
1
(2 + α) 2 (1 − α)

3
(αp) 2
C. K =
1
( 3
)
1 + α 2 (1 − α)
2

3
(αp) 2
D. K =
1
(1 + α)(1 − α) 2

Answer: B

Solution:
1
A(g) ⇌ B(g) + C(g) Total Moles
2
Att = 0: 1 0 0 1
α
Att = treq : 1−α α 1
2

( ) ( 22 ) P
α 1−a
Mole Fraction: P
α a
1+ 1+
2 2
Now,
1
PB × (PC) 2
KP or K =
PA
1

[( ) ]
α 2

( )
α 2
P× P
α α
1+ 1+
= 2 2

( )
1−α
P
α
1+
2
1

=
(
2α
2+α
P× )α
2+α
P 2 [( ) ]
2(1 − α)
2+α ( P )
1
=
α
1−α
×
αP
2+α
2 ( )
3 1
α2 ⋅ P2
=
1
(1 − α)(2 + α) 2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question43
PCl5 dissociates as
PCl5(g) ⇌ PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)
5 moles of PCl5 are placed in a 200 litre vessel which contains 2 moles of N2 and is
maintained at 600 K. The equilibrium prẽššưre is 2.46 atm. The equilibrium constant
Kp for the dissociation of PCl5 is ____×10−3. (nearest integer)
(Given : R = 0.082Latm−1mol−1; Assume ideal gas behaviour)
[24-Jun-2022-Shift-2]
Answer: 1107

Solution:

Here 2 moles of N2 also present that is why 2 moles always have to add in total mole calculation.
At equilibrium,
Pressure (P) = 2.46 atm
Volume (V ) = 200L
Temperature (T ) = 600K
∴ Applying ideal gas equation,
PV = nRT
⇒2.46 × 200 = (7 + x) × 0.082 × 600
⇒x = 3
Now,
PPCl × PCl
KP= 3 2

PPCl
5

=
[ 3
7+3
× 2.46
3
7+3 ][
× 2.46 ]
5−3
7+3[ × 2.46 ]
3 3 2
× × (2.46)
10 10
=
2
× 2.46
10
9
= × 2.46
20
−3
= 1107 × 10 atm
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question44
∘ ∘
The standard free energy change (∆G ) for 50% dissociation of N2O4 into NO2 at 27 C
and 1 atm pressure is −xJmol−1. The value of x is_______ (Nearest Integer)
[Given : .R = 8.31JK−1mol−1, log 1.33 = 0.1239 ln 10 = 2.3 ]
[25-Jun-2022-Shift-1]

Answer: 710

Solution:

( 1.5 ×1)
1 2

1 100
kP = = =
( 0.5
1.5
×1)
0.75 75

= 1.33
∆G0 = −RT ℓ nkP
= −8.31 × 300 × ln(1.33) = −710.45J ∕ mol
= −710J ∕ mol
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question45
2 NOCl(g) ⇌ 2 NO(g) + Cl2(g)
In an experiment, 2.0 moles of NOCl was placed in a one-litre flask and the
concentration of NO after equilibrium established, was found to be 0.4 mol ∕ L. The
equilibrium constant at 30∘C is______ ×10−4
[27-Jun-2022-Shift-1]

Answer: 125

Solution:
2 NOCl(g) ⇌ 2 NO(g) + Cl2(g)
At t = 0: 2 0 0
At t = t eq : 2 − 2x 2x 0
Given that at equilibrium, concentration of N O = 0.4 mol ∕ L
∴2x = 0.4
⇒x = 0.2
∴ Concentration of NOCl at equilibrium,
[NOCl]eq = 2 − 2 × 0.2 = 1.6
and [NO]eq = 0.4
and [Cl2]eq = 0.2
We know,
2
[N O] [Cl2]
KC= 2
[NOCl]
2
[0.4] [0.2]
= 2
[1.6]
−3
⇒K C = 12.5 × 10
−4
⇒K C = 125 × 10

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question46
4.0 moles of argon and 5.0 moles of PCl5 are introduced into an evacuated flask of 100
litre capacity at 610K. The system is allowed to equilibrate. At equilibrium, the total
pressure of mixture was found to be 6.0 atm. The Kp for the reaction is
[Given : .R = 0.082L atm K−1 mol−1 ]
[29-Jun-2022-Shift-2]
Options:

A. 2.25

B. 6.24

C. 12.13

D. 15.24

Answer: A

Solution:
Total Moles:
PCl5(g)⇌ PCl3(g)+ Cl2(g)

At t = 0: 5 0 0 5 + 4(For Ne gas) = 9
At t = teq : 5−x x x 5 − x + x + x + 4(For Ne gas) = 9 + x

5−x x x
Mole Fraction:
9+x 9+x 9+x

( 59 −+ xx ) P ( 9 +x x ) ( 9 +x x )
p P
Partial Pressure:

Here 4 moles of inert gas argon also present.

∴ Total moles of mixture present at equilibrium,
nT = 5 + x + 4
=9+x
At equilibrium, total pressure (pT) = 6 atm
Volume (v) = 100L
Temperature = 610K
∴ using ideal gas equation,
PT V = nT RT
⇒6 × 100 = (9 + x) × 0.082 × 610
⇒x = 3
Now,
PPCl × PCl
KP= 3 2

PPCl
5

=
[ 9 +3 3 × 6 ] × [ 9 +3 3 × 6 ]
[ 9 +5 3 × 6 ]
27
=
12
9
=
4
= 2.25 atm
Note :
Inert gas always contribute to total mole and pressure calculation.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question47
A box contains 0.90g of liquid water in equilibrium with water vapour at 27∘C. The
equilibrium vapour pressure of water at 27 ∘C is 32.0 Torr. When the volume of the box
is increased, some of the liquid water evaporates to maintain the equilibrium pressure.
If all the liquid water evaporates, then the volume of the box must be ____litre. [nearest
integer]
(Given : R = 0.082L atm K−1 mol−1 )
(Ignore the volume of the liquid water and assume water vapours behave as an ideal
gas.)
[29-Jun-2022-Shift-2]

Answer: 29

Solution:
We know, 760 Torr = 1 atm
32
∴32 Torr = atm
760
As all the liquid water evaporates so entire water is in gaseous state.
∴ Weight of water vapour = 0.9g
0.9
∴ Moles of water vapour (n) =
18
32
Pressure (P) = atm
760
Temperature (T ) = (27 + 273)K = 300K
R = 0.082L atm K−1mol−1
Given water vapour act as an ideal gas, so we can apply ideal gas equation.
From ideal gas equation,
PV = nRT
32 0.9
⇒ ×v= × 0.082 × 300
760 18
⇒v = 29L

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question48
Solute A associates in water. When 0.7g of solute A is dissolved in 42.0g of water, it
∘
depresses the freezing point by 0.2 C. The percentage association of solute A in water,
is :
−1
[Given : Molar mass of A = 93gmol . Molal depression constant of water is
1.86K kg mol−1.]
[25-Jun-2022-Shift-2]
Options:

A. 50%

B. 60%

C. 70%

D. 80%

Answer: D

Solution:
∆T = ikf × m
0.7 1000
0.2 = i × 1.86× ×
93 42
0.2 × 93 × 6
i=
1.86 × 100
i = 0.60
2A ⇌ A2
α
1−α
2
α
i=1−α+
2
α
i=1−
2
α
1− = 0.60
2
α
1 − 0.60 =
2
α = 0.80
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question49
Given below are two statements one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled
as Reason R :
Assertion A : The amphoteric nature of water is explained by using Lewis acid/base
concept.
Reason R: Water acts as an acid with NH3 and as a base with H2S.
In the light of the above statements choose the correct answer from the options given
below :
[25-Jun-2022-Shift-2]
Options:

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

C. A is true but R is false.

D. A is false but R is true.

Answer: D

Solution:
The amphoteric nature of water is explained by using Bronsted-Lowry acid base concept
− +
H2O + NH3 − OH + NH4
(acid)
+ −
H2O + H2S H3O + HS
(base)
Hence, A is false but R is true
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question50
50 mL of 0.1MCH3 COOH is being titrated against 0.1M NaOH. When 25 mL of NaOH
has been added, the pH of the solution will be ____×10−2. (Nearest integer)
(Given : .pKa(CH3 COOH) = 4.76 )
log 2 = 0.30
log 3 = 0.48
log 5 = 0.69
log 7 = 0.84
log 11 = 1.04
[26-Jun-2022-Shift-1]

Answer: 476

Solution:
CH3 COOH + NaOH → CH3 COONa + H2O
After adding 25 ml of NaOH volume of mixture = 50 + 25 = 75 ml
Initially,
Number of millimole of NaOH = 25 × 0.1 = 2.5 mm
Number of millimole of CH3 COOH = 50 × 0.1 = 5 mm
After nutrilisation,
Millimole of NaOH = 0
Millimole of CH3 COOH = 5 − 2.5 = 2.5 mm
Millimole of CH3 COONa = 2.5
After nutrilisation,
5 − 2.5 1
Concentration of CH3 COOH = [CH3 COOH] = =
75 30
2.5 1
Concentration of CH3 COONa = [CH3 COONa] = =
75 30
H Ka [CH3 COONa]
P = P + log
[CH3 COOH]
1
30
= 4.76 + log
1
30
= 4.76 + log(1)
= 4.76 + 0
= 4.76
= 4.76 × 10−2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question51
pH value of 0.001M NaOH solution is___
[27-Jun-2022-Shift-2]

Answer: 11

Solution:

[OH−] = 0.001 = 10−3M

[H+][OH−] = 10−14
[H+] = 10−11
pH = −log[H+]
= −log(10−11)
pH = 11
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question52
A student needs to prepare a buffer solution of propanoic acid and its sodium salt with
[CH3CH2COO−]
pH 4. The ratio of [CH3CH2 COOH]. required to make buffer is
Given : K a(CH3CH2 COOH) = 1.3 × 10−5
[28-Jun-2022-Shift-2]
Options:

A. 0.03

B. 0.13

C. 0.23

D. 0.33

Answer: B

Solution:
CH3CH2 COOH ⇌ CH3CH2COO− + H+
From Henderson equation
[CH3CH2COO−]
pH = pKa + log
[CH3CH2 COOH]
[CH3CH2COO−]
4 = −log 1.3 × 10−5 + log
[CH3CH2COOH2]
[CH3CH2COO−]
−log 10−4 = −log 1.3 × 10−5 + log
[CH3CH2COOH−]
[CH3CH2 COOH]
−log 10−4 = −log 1.3 × 10−5
[CH3CH2COO−]
[CH3CH2COOH3]
10−4 = 1.3 × 10−5
[CH3CH2COO−]
[CH3CH2COO−]
= 0.13
[CH3CH2 COOH]

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question53
The solubility of AgCl will be maximum in which of the following?
[29-Jun-2022-Shift-1]
Options:

A. 0.01M KCl

B. 0.01M HCl

C. 0.01MAgNO3

D. Deionised water

Answer: D

Solution:

In deionized water no common ion effect will take place so maximum solubility.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question54
K a , K a and K a are the respective ionization constants for the following reactions (a),
1 2 3

(b) and (c).

(a) H 2C2O4 ⇄ H + + H C2O4−
(b) H C2O4− ⇄ H + + H C2O42−
(c) H 2C2O4 ⇄ 2H + + C2O42−
The relationship between K a , K a and K a is given as
1 2 3

[25-Jul-2022-Shift-2]
Options:

A. K a = K a + K a
3 1 2

B. K a = K a − K a
3 1 2

C. K a = K a ∕ K a
3 1 2

D. K a = K a × K a
3 1 2

Answer: D

Solution:
+ 2−
H2C2O4 ⇌ 2H + C2O4 a3
K
+
−
H2C2O4 ⇌ H + HC2O4 Ka1
− + 2−
HC2O4 ⇌ H + C2O4 Ka2
+ 2 2−
[H ] [C2O4 ]
Ka3 =
[H2C2O4]
+ − + −
[H ][HC2O4 ] [H ][C2O4 ]
Ka1 = , Ka2 =
[H2C2O4] −
[HC2O4 ]
Ka3 = Ka1 × Ka2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question55
At 298K, the equilibrium constant is 2 × 1015 for the reaction :
+ 2+
Cu(s) + 2Ag (aq) ⇌ Cu (aq) + 2 Ag(s)
The equilibrium constant for the reaction
1
2
Cu2+(aq) + Ag(s) ⇌ 12 Cu(s) + Ag+(aq)
−8
is x × 10 . The value of x is ________. (Nearest Integer)
[26-Jul-2022-Shift-1]

Answer: 2

Solution:

′ 1 1 −8
Keq = = = X × 10
√ 2 × 10
√Keq 15

1 1
⇒ × 7
= x × 10−8
√20 10
1 −7 −8
⇒ × 10 = x × 10
√20
√10
⇒x = = √5 = 2.236
√2
≃2.24
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question56
At 600K, 2 mol of NO are mixed with 1 mol of O2.
2NO(g) + O2(g) ⇄ 2NO2(g)
The reaction occurring as above comes to equilibrium under a total pressure of 1 atm.
Analysis of the system shows that 0.6 mol of oxygen are present at equilibrium. The
equilibrium constant for the reaction is ____(Nearest integer)
[28-Jul-2022-Shift-2]
Answer: 2

Solution:
2 NO(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2NO2(g)
at intial 2 1 0
at equilibrium 2 − 0.8 0.6 0.8
Partial pressure of NO(g) = 1.2 ∕ 2.6 × 1
Partial pressure of O2(g) = 0.6 ∕ 2.6
Partial pressure of NO2(g) = 0.8 ∕ 2.6
2
Kp = ( PNO ) ∕ (PNO)2 ( PO ) = 0.8 × 0.8 × 2.6 ∕ 1.2 × 1.2 × 0.6
2 2
= 1.925
≈2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question57
20 mL of 0.1 MNH4 OH is mixed with 40 mL of 0.05 MHCl. The pH of the mixture is
nearest to:
(Given:
K b(NH4 OH) = 1 × 10−5, log 2 = 0.30, log 3 = 0.48, log 5 = 0.69, log 7 = 0.84, log 11 = 1.04
)
[25-Jul-2022-Shift-1]
Options:

A. 3.2

B. 4.2

C. 5.2

D. 6.2

Answer: C

Solution:
NH4 OH + HCl → NH4 Cl + H2O
mmole 22
2 mmole 1
[NH4+] = = M
60 ml 30
pKw − pKb − log C 14 − 5 + 1.48
pH = = = 5.24
2 2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question58
Class XII students were asked to prepare one litre of buffer solution of pH 8.26 by their
Chemistry teacher: The amount of ammonium chloride to be dissolved by the student in
0.2M ammonia solution to make one litre of the buffer is
(Given: pKb(NH3) = 4.74
Molar mass of NH3 = 17gmol−1
Molar mass of NH4 Cl = 53.5gmol−1 )
[26-Jul-2022-Shift-2]
Options:

A. 53.5g

B. 72.3g

C. 107.0g

D. 126.0g

Answer: C
Solution:
[ salt ]
For basic Buffer, pOH = pKb + log pOH = 14 − 8.26 = 5.74
[ Base ]
[NH4 Cl]
5.74 = 4.74 + log
0.2
[NH4 Cl] = 2M
Moles of NH4 Cl = 2 × 1 = 2 moles
Weight of NH4 Cl = 2 × 53.5 = 107g

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question59
At 310K, the solubility of CaF2 in water is 2.34 × 10−3g ∕ 100 mL. The solubility product
of CaF2 is _______ ×10−8(mol ∕ L)3. (Give molar mass : CaF2 = 78gmol−1 )
[27-Jul-2022-Shift-1]

Answer: 0

Solution:
s
2+ −
CaF2⇌ Ca +2F
s 2s
2
K sp = s(2 s)
3
=4s
−3
Solubility ( s) = 2.34 × 10 g ∕ 100 mL
−3
2 ⋅ 34 × 10 × 10
= mole ∕ lit
78
−4
= 3 × 10 mole∕ lit
−4 3
∴K sp = 4 × (3 × 10 )
−12
= 108 × 10
−8 3
= 0.0108 × 10 (mole ∕ lit )
∴x ≈ 0
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question60
The plot of pH-metric titration of weak base NH4 OH vs strong acid HCl looks like :
[27-Jul-2022-Shift-2]
Options:

A.

B.

C.
D.

Answer: A

Solution:

NH4 OH is a weak base and HCl is a strong acid.

With the addition of HCl to NH4 OH, pH of solution will decrease gradually.
So, the correct graph should be

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question61
−5
Ka for butyric acid (C3H7 COOH) is 2 × 10 . The pH of 0.2M solution of butyric acid is
−1
_______ ×10 . (Nearest integer)
[Given log 2 = 0.30 ]
[28-Jul-2022-Shift-1]

Answer: 27

Solution:

Ka of Butyric acid ⇒2 × 10−5 PKa = 4.7

pH of 0.2M solution
1 1
pH = pKa − log C
2 2
1 1
= (4 ⋅ 7) log(0.2)
2 2
= 2.35 + 0.35 = 2.7
pH = 27 × 10−1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question62
−28
If the solubility product of PbS is 8 × 10 , then the solubility of PbS in pure water at
−1
298K is × × 10 −16 mol L . The value of x is _______. (Nearest Integer)
[Given : √2 = 1.41 ]
[29-Jul-2022-Shift-1]
Answer: 282

Solution:
K sp = S2
S = √K sp = √ 8 × 10−28 = 2√2 × 10−14
= 2.82 × 10−14
= 282 × 10−16
∴ Ans. 282
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question63
200 mL of 0.01 MHCl is mixed with 400 mL of 0.01MH2SO4. The pH of the mixture is
_______.
Given: log 2 = 0.30, log 3 = 0.48, log 5 = 0.70, log 7 = 0.84, log 11 = 1.04
[29-Jul-2022-Shift-2]
Options:

A. 1.14

B. 1.78

C. 2.34

D. 3.02

Answer: B

Solution:
+ 0.01 × 200 + 2 × 0.01 × 400
[H ] =
600
0.01 + 2 × 0.01 × 2
=
3
0.01 + 0.04
=
3
5 −2
= × 10
3
+
pH = −log[H ]
= −log (5
3
× 10
−2
)
= [ 5
− log + log 10
3
−2
]
= −[log 5 − log 3 − 2]
= −0.7 + 0.48 + 2
= 2.48 − 0.7
= 1.78
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question64
The solubility of Ca(OH )2 in water is [Given: The solubility product of Ca(OH )2 in water
= 5.5 × 10−6 ]
[25 Feb 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

A. 1.11 × 10−2

B. 1.11 × 10−6

C. 1.77 × 10−2

D. 1.77 × 10−6

Answer: A

Solution:
Let, solubility of Ca(OH )2 in pure water = Smol ∕ L
Ca(OH )2 ⇌ Ca2+ + 2OH −
Smol ∕ L 2 × S(mol ∕ L)
= [Ca2+][OH −]2 = S × (2S)2 = 4S3(mol ∕ L)
The expression of K sp can also be written as,
K sp = xx ⋅ yy ⋅ Sx + y
= 11 ⋅ 22 ⋅ S1 + 2
= 4S3
K sp = xx ⋅ yy ⋅ Sx + y
= 11 ⋅ 22 ⋅ S1 + 2
= 4S3 [∵ For Ca(OH )2 : x = 1, y = 2]
x and y are the coefficients of cations and anions respectively

S =
4
(
K sp 1 ∕ 3
=)5.5 × 10−6 1 ∕ 3
4 ( )
−2
= 1.11 × 10 mol ∕ L
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question65
−9
The solubility product of Pbl 2 is 8.0 × 10 . The solubility of lead iodide in 0.1 molar
−6
solution of lead nitrate is x × 10 mol ∕ L. The value of x is ....... (Rounded off to the
nearest integer).
[Given, : √2 = 1.41 ]
[24 Feb 2021 Shift 2]

Answer: 141

Solution:
−9
Given, [K sp]Pbl = 8 × 10
2

To calculate solubility of PbI 2 in 0.1M solution of Pb(N O3)2.

2+ −
(I) Pb(N O3)2 ⟶ Pb (aq) + 2N O3 (aq)
0 . 1M 0 . 1M 0 . 2M
2+ −
(II) Pbl 2(s) ⇌ Pb (aq) + 2l (aq)
S 2S
2+
∴ [Pb ] = S + 0.1 ≈ 0.1
∵ S< < 0.1
−9
Now, K sp = 8 × 10
2 − 2 −9
[Pb ][I ] = 8 × 10
2 −9
0.1 × (2S) = 8 × 10
2 −8 −6
4S = 8 × 10 ⇒ S = 141 × 10 M
x = 141
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question66
The pH of ammonium phosphate solution, if pK a of phosphoric acid and pK b of
ammonium hydroxide are 5.23 and 4.75 respectively, is .......... .
[26 Feb 2021 Shift 2]
Answer: 7

Solution:

Phosphoric acid is a weak tribasic acid (H 3PO4) and N H 4OH is a weak monoacidic base. So, hydrolysis of ammonium phosphate (N H 4)3PO4 can
be shown as,
(N H 4)3PO4 + 3H 2O ⇌ H 3PO4 + 3N H 4OH [ 3 : 1 type salt]

( )
Kw 12
So, [H +] − K a ×
Ka×Kb
 1
pH = pK a + [pK w − pK a − pK b]
2
1
= 5.23 + (14 − 5.23 − 4.75)
2
[ ∵pK w = 14H 2O
pK a = 5.23(H 3PO4)
pK b = 4.75(N H 4OH ) ]
= 7.24 ∼ eq7

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question67
The solubility of AgCN in a buffer solution of pH = 3 is x. The value of x is...... .
[Assume : No cyano complex is formed; K sp(AgCN ) = 2.2 × 10−16 and
−10
K a(H CN ) = 6.2 × 10 ]
[25 Feb 2021 Shift 1]
Options:
−6
A. 0.625 × 10

B. 1.6 × 10−6

C. 2.2 × 10−16

D. 1.9 × 10−5

Answer: D

Solution:
pH of AgCN buffer solution = 3
[H +] = 10−3
K sp(AgCN ) = 2.2 × 10−16
K a[H CN ] = 6.2 × 10−10
AgCN ⇌ Ag+ + CN − ...... . K sp
1
CN − + H + ⇌ H CN ......
Ka
AgCN + H + ⇌ H CN + Ag+
1 [Ag+][CN −][H CN ]
K sp × =
Ka [H +][CN −]

[S] =
√
K sp[H +]
Ka
⇒
2.2 × 10−16
6.2 × 10−10
= [S][S]
10−3
2.2 × 10−16
[S]2 = × 10−3
6.2 × 10−10
S = 1.9 × 10−5
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question68
A homogeneous ideal gaseous reaction AB2(g) ⇌ A(g) + 2B(g) is carried out in a 25L
flask at 27∘C. The initial amount of AB2 was 1 mole and the equilibrium pressure was
−2
1.9atm. The value of K p is x × 10 . The value of x is ............ .
[26 Feb 2021 Shift 1]
Answer: 73

Solution:
1−x
(Σ mole )t = 1 − x + x + 2x = (1 + 2x) Partial pressure p
eq 1 + 2x
x 2x
(atm) p p
1 + 2x 1 + 2x
[ p = Total pressure at equilibrium = 1.9atm ]
Now, at equilibrium pV = (1 + 2x)RT
pV 1.9 × 25
⇒1 + 2x = = = 1.93 [V = 25L, R = 0.082L atm mol−1 K −1 T = 300K ]
RT 0.082 × 300
1.93 − 1
⇒ x= = 0.465
2

( ) ( )
x 2x 2
pA × pB2 p × p
1 + 2x 1 + 2x
⇒ Kp= ⇒
pAB
2
1 − x
1 + 2x
p ( )
3 3
4x × p (1 + 2x) 4x × p2
3
= × =
(1 + 2x)3 (1 − x) × p (1 + 2x)2 × (1 − x)
3 2
4 × (0.465) × (1.9)
= = 0.7285atm
(1 + 2 × 0.465)2 × (1 − 0.465)
= 72.85 × 10−2atm ∼ eq73 × 10−2 = x × 10−2
∴ x = 73
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question69
At 1990K and 1atm pressure, there are equal number of Cl 2 molecules and Cl atoms in
the reaction mixture. The value of K P for the reaction Cl 2(g) ⇌ 2Cl (g) under the above
conditions is x × 10−1. The value of x is___ (Rounded off to the nearest integer)
[24feb2021shift1]

Answer: 5

Solution:
Cl 2(g) ⇌ 2Cl (g)
Let mol of both of Cl 2 and Cl be x.
x 1
PCl = ×1=
2x 2
x 1
PCl = ×1=
2 2x 2

∴K p =
1 2
2 ( )
=
1 −1
= 0.5 = 5 × 10 .
1 2
2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question70
For the reaction A(g) → (B)(g), the value of the equilibrium constant at 300K and 1atm
is equal to 100.0. The value of ∆r G for the reaction at 300K and 1atm in J mol −1 is −xR,
where x is________ (Rounded off to the nearest integer) ( R = 8.31 J mol −1 K −1 and
ln 10 = 2.3 )
[24feb2021shift1]
Answer: 1380

Solution:

∆G∘ = RT ln K p
= −R(300)(2) ln(10)
= −R(300 × 2 × 2.3)
∆G∘ = − 1380R
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question71
The solubility of Cd SO4 in water is 8.0 × 10−4mol L−1. Its solubility in 0.01M H 2SO4
solution is ........ ×10−6mol L−1. (Round off to the nearest integer) (Assume that,
solubility is much less than 0.01M )
[18 Mar 2021 Shift 2]
Answer: 64

Solution:

Given, solubility in water (S) = 8.0 × 10−4mol L−1

In pure water
K sp = S2 = (8 × 10−4)2 = 64 × 10−8
ln 0.01 M H 2 SO4
H 2SO4(aq) ⟶ 2H +(aq) + SO42−(aq)
0.02 0.02
2+ 2−
Cd SO4(s) ⇌ Cd (aq) + SO4 (aq)
x (x + 0.01)
−8
K sp = x(x + 0.01) = 64 × 10
x + 0.01 ≅ 0.01M
So, x(0.01) = 64 × 10−8
−6
x = 64 × 10 M
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question72
The oxygen dissolved in water exerts a partial pressure of 20kPa in the vapour above
water. The molar solubility of oxygen in water is ..... ×10−5mol d m−3. (Round off to the
nearest integer).
[Given, Henry's law constant (K H ) = 8.0 × 104kPa for O2, density of water with
dissolved oxygen = 1.0kgd m−3 ].
[17 Mar 2021 Shift 1]
Answer: 25

Solution:

Given, partial pressure of O2 = 20kPa

4
K H ( Henry's constant ) = 8 × 10 kPa
From Henry's law,
p(g) = [K H ]χO
2
where, χO = solubility of oxygen
2

20 × 103 = (8 × 104 × 103)χo

2

⇒ χO = 20
2
8 × 104
Solubility = 2.5 × 10−4 = 25 × 10−5
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question73
Two salts A2X and M X have the same value of solubility product of 4.0 × 10−12. The
S(A2X )
ratio of their molar solubilities i.e S(M X ) = ......
(Round off to the nearest integer)
[16 Mar 2021 Shift 1]
Answer: 50

Solution:
Let the solubility of A2X be ' 'S'.
+ 2− −12
A2X (s) ⇌ 2A (aq) + X s (aq); K sp1 = 4 × 10
2s
+ 2 2−
K sp = [A ] [X ]
1
−12 2
4 × 10 = (2S) (S)
−12 3
4 × 10 = 4S
−3
⇒ S = 10 M
Let the solubility of M Y be ' S1 '.
+ − −12
M Y (s) ⇌ M (aq) + Y (aq), K sp = 4 × 10
2
s1 s1
+ −
K sp = [M ][Y ]
2
2
K sp = (S1)
2
−12 2
4 × 10 = (S1)
−6
⇒ S1 = 2 × 10 M
[A2Y ] S 10
−4
= = −6
= 50
[M Y ] S1 2 × 10

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question74
0.01 moles of a weak acid H A(K a = 2.0 × 10−6) is dissolved in 1.0L of 0.1M H Cl
solution. The degree of dissociation of H A is ...... ×10−5 (Round off to the nearest
integer). [Neglect volume change on adding HA. Assume degree of dissociation ≪ < 1 ]
[17 Mar 2021 Shift 1]

Answer: 2

Solution:

Given, [H A] = 0.01
[H Cl ] = 0.1M
When strong acid ( H Cl ) is completely dissociated,
H Cl ⟶ H +(aq) + Cl −(aq)
0.1 0.1 0.1
For weak acid, dissociation is very less,
HA ⇌ H +(aq) −
+ A (aq)
t=0 0.01 0.1 0
t = t eq 0.01 − 0.01 − α 0.1 + 0.01α 0.01α
[H +][A−] (0.1 + 0.01α)(0.01α)
Ka= = 2 × 10−6 ⇒ = 2 × 10−6
[H A] (0.01 − 0.01α)
As 0.01α< < 0.1 [H +] = 0.1
and 0.01α< < 0.01 [H A] = 0.01
(0.1)(0.01α)
∴2 × 10−6 = ⇒ α = 2 × 10−5
0.01
⇒ x=2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question75
Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other labelled
as Reason R.
Assertion A During the boiling of water having temporary hardness, M g(H CO3)2 is
converted to M gCO3 .
Reason R The solubility product of M g(OH )2 is greater than that of M gCO3.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the
options given below
[18 Mar 2021 Shift 1]
Options:
A. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

B. A is true but R is fals

C. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

D. A is false but R is true.

Answer: D

Solution:

During boiling, soluble M g(H CO3)2 is converted into insoluble

M g(OH )2 and Ca(H CO3)2 is converted into insoluble CaCO3. This is because of high solubility product of M g(OH )2 as compared to M gCO3
hence, M g(OH )2 is precipitated. These precipitates can be removed by filtration. Thus, filtrate will be obtained in soft water.
M g(H CO3)2 ⟶ M g(OH )2 ↓ +2CO2
Temporary hardness
Ca(H CO3)2 ⟶ CaCO3 ↓ +CO2 + 2H 2O
K sp of M g(OH )2 > K sp of M gCO3
and hence, M g(OH )2 precipitation first.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question76
The gas phase reaction
2A(g) ⇌ A2(g)
at 400K has ∆G∘ = +25.2kJ mol −1. The equilibrium constant K C for this reaction is
.......... ×10−2. (Round off to the nearest integer).
[Use : R = 8.3J mol −1K −1, ln 10 = 2.3 ] log 22 = 0.30, 1atm = 1bar ] [antilog
10
(−0.3) = 0.501 ]
[18 Mar 2021 Shift 2]

Answer: 1.66

Solution:
Given, ∆G = 25.2kJ mol −1
= 25200J mol −1
T = 400K
According to standard free Gibb's equation,
∆G0 = −RT ln K p
25200 = −2.3 × 8.3 × 400 log(K p)
−25200
log K p = = −3.3
2.3 × 8.3 × 400
K p = 10−3.3 = 10−3 × 0.501
K p = 5.01 × 10−4bar−1
K p = 5.01 × 10−5Pa−1
We know that,
∆r
K p = K c(RT ) k
K p = K c(RT )−1 [∴∆ng = 1 − 2 = −1]
KC
Kp=
8.3 × 400
K c = 5.01 × 10−5 × 8.3 × 400
⇒ K c = 166 × 10−5m3/mol
= 1.66 × 10−2L/mol
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question77
Consider the reaction, N 2O4(g) ⇌ 2N O2(g). The temperature at which K C = 20.4 and
K p = 600.1, is ............ K. (Round off to the nearest integer). [Assume all gases are ideal
and R = 0.0831L bar, K −1mol −1 ].
[17 Mar 2021 Shift 2]

Answer: 354

Solution:
The temperature at which K C = 20.4 and K ρ = 600.1, is 354K .
Given reaction is, N 2O4(g) ⇌ 2N O2(g)
Given values are : K ρ = 600.1
K C = 20.4
∆ng = number of moles of product - number of moles of reactant Using relation between K p and K C = 2 − 1 = 1
where R is the gas constant = 0.083Latm/K mol
∆ng = 1 (for given reaction)
On putting given values, we will get
600.1 = 20.4(RT )1 ⇒ T ≈ 354K
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question78
∘ −1
For the reaction, A(g) ⇌ B(g) at 495K , ∆, G = −9.478kJ mol . If we start the reaction
in a closed container at 495K with 22 millimoles of A, the amount of B is the
equilibrium mixture is ......... millimoles (Round off to the nearest integer).
−1 −1
[R = 8.314J mol K , ln 10 = 2.303]
[16 Mar 2021 Shift 1]

Answer: 20

Solution:
A(g) ⇌ B(g)
Given, T = 495K , ∆r C∘ = −9.478kJ ∕ mol
We know,
∆G∘ = −2.303RT log K
[B]
∵ K =
[A]
where, K = equilibrium constant
− ∆ G∘
Now, log K =
2.303RT
9.478 × 1000
log K =
2.303 × 8.314 × 495
∴ log K = 1
⇒ K = 10
[B] n
⇒ = B = 10
[A] nA
A(g) ⇌ B(g)
Now, t = 0 22 0
t = t 22 − x x
[B] x
K = = = 10
[A] 22 − x
So, x = 20 Milimoles of B = 20
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question79
In order to prepare a buffer solution of pH 5.74, sodium acetate is added to acetic acid.
If the concentration of acetic acid in the buffer is 1.0M , the concentration of sodium
acetate in the buffer is ............ M. (Round off to the nearest integer). [Given : pK a
(acetic acid =4.74]
[18 Mar 2021 Shift 1]
Answer: 10

Solution:
Given : pH = 5.74
Concentration of acetic acid in buffer = 1.0M
Acetic acid and its conjugate base sodium acetate makes acidic buffer.
CH 3COOH + CH 3COON a⟶ (Acidic buffer)
Using formula,
[ Salt ]
pH = pK a + log
[ Acid ]
[CH 3COON a]
pH = pK + agg
[CH 3COOH ]
[CH 3COON a]
5.74 = 4.74 + log
[CH 3COOH ]
[CH 3COON a]
5.74 − 4.74 = log
[CH 3COOH ]
[CH 3COON a]
1 = log
[CH 3COOH ]
[CH 3COON a]
⇒ = 10 [∴[CH 3COOH ] = 1]
[CH 3COOH ]
[CH 3COON a] = [10 × 1] = 10
Thus, the concentration of sodium acetate in buffer is 10M .
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question80
−2 −8
Sulphurous acid (H 2SO3) has K a = 1.7 × 10 and K a = 6.4 × 10 . The pH of 0.588M
1 2

is (Round off to the nearest integer)

[16 Mar 2021 Shift 2]
Answer: 1

Solution:

For H 2SO3, K a > > K a

1 2

So, we mainly consider 1st ionisation

H 2SO3 ⇌ H + + H SO3−; K a = 1.7 × 10−2
1

t=0 0.558 0 0
t = teq 0.558 − 0.558α 0.558α 0.558α
[H +][H SO3−] (0.558α)(0.558α) 0.558α2
Ka = = =
1 [H 2SO3] 0.558(1 − α) 1−α
α< < 1 for weak acid
(1 − α) ≈ 1

√
Ka
α= 1

0.558
=
1.7 × 10−2
0.558 √
α = 1.7 × 10−1 = 0.17
[H ]+ = 0.558α = 9.9 × 10−2
pH = −log[H +] = −log(9.9 × 10−2) [∵log 9.9 ≈ 1]
= 2 − log 9.9 = 2 − 1
pH = 1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question81
Assuming that Ba(OH )2 is completely ionised in aqueous solution under the given
conditions the concentration of H 3O+ions in 0.005M aqueous solution of Ba(OH )2 at
298K is __________ ×10−12mol L−1. (Nearest integer)
[25 Jul 2021 Shift 2]
Answer: 1

Solution:
Ba(OH )2 → Ba+2 + 2OH −
↓
2 × 0.005 = 0.01 = 10−2
At 298K : in aq. solution [H 3O+][OH −] = 10−14
10−14
[H 3O+] = = 10−12
10−2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question82
A solution is 0.1M in Cl −and 0.001M in CrO42−.
Solid AgN O3 is gradually added to it Assuming that the addition does not change in
−10 2 −12 3
volume and K sp (AgCl ) = 1.7 × 10 M andK sp(Ag2CrO4) = 1.9 × 10 M
Select correct statement from the following:
[20 Jul 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

A. AgCl precipitates first because its K sp is high.

B. Ag2CrO4 precipitates first as its K sp is low.

C. Ag2CrO4 precipitates first because the amount of Ag+needed is low.

D. AgCl will precipitate first as the amount of Ag+ needed to precipitate is low.

Answer: D

Solution:
(i) [Ag+]required to ppt AgCl (s)
K sp = I P = [Ag+][Cl −] = 1.7 × 10−10
[Ag+] = 1.7 × 10−9
(ii) [Ag+]required to ppt Ag2CrO4(s)
K sp = I P = [Ag+]2[CrO4−2] = 1.9 × 10−12
[Ag+] = 4.3 × 10−5
[Ag+]required to ppt AgCl is low so AgCl will ppt 1st
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question83
The equilibrium constant for the reaction
A(s) ⇌ M (s) + 12 O2(g)
is K p = 4. At equilibrium, the partial pressure of O2 is _____ atm. (Round off to the
nearest integer)
[27 Jul 2021 Shift 2]

Answer: 16

Solution:
1∕2
kp = Po2 =4
∴Po2 = 16bar = 16atm
Question84
2SO2(g) + O2(g) → 2SO3(g)
The above reaction is carried out in a vessel starting with partial pressure PSO = 250m
2

barPO = 750m bar and PSO = 0 bar . When the reaction is complete, the total pressure
2 3

in the reaction vessel is _____ m bar. (Round off of the nearest integer).
[27 Jul 2021 Shift 2]

Answer: 875

Solution:
2SO2(g) + O2(g) → 2SO3(g)
Initial 250mbar 750mbar O
(L . R.)
Final –250mbar –125mbar 250mbar
────── ────── ──────
0 625mbar 250mba
∴ Final total pressure = 625 + 250 = 875mbar
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question85
PCl 5 ⇌ PCl 3 + Cl 3 K c = 1.844
3.0 moles of PCl 5 is introduced in a 1L closed reaction vessel at 380K . The number of
−3
moles ofPCl 5 at equilibrium is _______ ×10
(Round off to the Nearest Integer)
[27 Jul 2021 Shift 1]

Answer: 1400

Solution:

PCl 5(g) ⇌ PCl 3(g) + Cl 2(g) K c = 1.844

[PCl 3][Cl 2] x2
⇒ = = 1.844
[PCl 5] 3−x
⇒x2 + 1.844 − 5.532 = 0
−1.844 + √ (1.844)2 + 4 × 5.532
⇒x =
2
≅1.604
⇒ Moles of PCl 5 = 3 − 1.604 ≅ 1.396
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question86
Value of K p for the equilibrium reaction
N 2O4 ⇌ 2N O2(g) at 288K is 47.9. The K C for this reaction at same temperature is
_______. (Nearest integer)
−1 −1
( R = 0.083L. bar K mol )
[22 Jul 2021 Shift 2]
Answer: 2

Solution:
KP 47.9
KC= = =2
RT 0.083 × 288
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question87
2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3(g)
In an equilibrium mixture, the partial pressures are
PSO = 43kPa; PO = 530Pa andPSO = 45kPa. The equilibrium constant K P =
3 2 2
−2
______×10 . (Nearest integer)
[20 Jul 2021 Shift 1]

Answer: 172

Solution:

2SO2(g) + O2(g) = 2SO3(g)

(pSO3(g))2
KP= × pO2(g)
pSO2(g)
43 × 43
= × 530Pa−1
45 × 45
= 172.28 × 10−5Pa−1
= 172.28atm
= 17228 × 10−2atm
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question88
A3B2 is a sparingly soluble salt of molar mass M(gmol−1) and solubility xgL−1. The

( )
5
x
solubility product satisfies Ksp = a M
.
The value of a is ......... (Integer answer)
[31 Aug 2021 Shift 1]

Answer: 108

Solution:

A3B2 ⇌ 3A2+(aq) + 2B3−(aq)

3S 2S
2+ 3 3− 2
Ksp = [A ] [B ]
Ksp = (3S) (2S) = 108S5
3 2

x
AlsOS =
m
Ksp = 108
x 5
m ( )
Given that, Ksp = a
x 5
m ( )
∴ a = 108
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question89
The pH of a solution obtained by mixing 50 mL of 1M HCl and 30 mL of 1M NaOH is
x × 10−4. The value of x is ........ (Nearest integer)
[log 2.5 = 0.3979]
[31 Aug 2021 Shift 2]

Answer: 6021

Solution:

Milliequivalents of HCl(NaVa) = 50 × 1 = 50
Milliequivalents of NaOH(NbVb) = 30 × 1 = 30
Since, NaVa > NbNb
and they neutralise each other
N V − NbVb
[H+] = a a
Va + Vb
50 − 30
= = 0.25 = 2.5 × 10−1
80
pH = −log[H+] = −log(2.5 × 10−1)
= 1 − 0.3979 = 0.6021
pH × 104 = 0.6021 × 104 = 6021
∴ x = 6021
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question90
The number of moles of NH3, that must be added to 2L of 0.80MAgNO3 in order to
+ −8
reduce the concentration of Ag ions to 5.0 × 10 M ( Kformation for
+ 8
[Ag(NH3)2] = 1.0 × 10 ) is.......... (Nearestinteger)
[Assume no volume change on adding NH3]
[27 Aug 2021 Shift 1]

Answer: 4

Solution:
Let moles added = a
+ +
Ag + 2NH3 ⇌ Ag(NH3)2
t=0
0.8
a
2 ( )
t=∞
5 × 10
−8 a
2 [
− 1.6 0.8 ]
0.8 8
= 10
( )
2
−8 a
5 × 10 − 1.6
2
a
− 1.6 = 0.4
2
⇒ a = 4.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question91
The number of moles of NH3, that must be added to 2L of 0.80MAgNO3 in order to
+ −8
reduce the concentration of Ag ions to 5.0 × 10 M ( Kformation for
+ 8
[Ag(NH3)2] = 1.0 × 10 ) is.......... (Nearestinteger)
[Assume no volume change on adding NH3]
[27 Aug 2021 Shift 1]

Answer: 4

Solution:
Let moles added = a
+ +
Ag + 2NH3 ⇌ Ag(NH3)2
t=0
0.8
a
2 ( )
t=∞
5 × 10
−8 a
2 [
− 1.6 0.8 ]
0.8 8
= 10
( )
2
−8 a
5 × 10 − 1.6
2
a
− 1.6 = 0.4
2
⇒ a = 4.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question92
The equilibrium constant Kc at 298K for the reaction A + B ⇌ C + D is 100 . Starting
with an equimolar solution with concentrations of A, B, C and D all equal to 1M, the
−2
equilibrium concentration of D is ...........×10 M. (Nearestinteger)
[26 Aug 2021 Shift 2]
Answer: 182

Solution:

A+B⇌C+D
Initially,
At equilibrium, 1− x, 1− x, 1+ x, 1+ x
∴KC = (
1+x 2
1−x )
100 = (
1+x 2
1−x )
1+x
= 10
1−x
9
x=
11
Moles of D = 1 + x
9 20
=1+ =
11 11
−2 −2
= 1.818 = 181.8 × 10 = 181.8 × 10
−2
≅182 × 10 M
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question93
When 5.1g of solid NH4 HS is introduced into a two litre evacuated flask at 27°C, 20%
of the solid decomposes into gaseous ammonia and hydrogen sulphide. The Kp for the
reaction at 27°C is x × 10−2. The value of x is ........... (Integer answer)
−1 −1
[Given, R = 0.082L atm K mol ]
[27 Aug 2021 Shift 2]
Answer: 6

Solution:

51g of NH4 HS = 1 mol

1
5.1g of NH4 HS = × 5.1 = 0.1 mol
51
NH4 HS(s) ⇌ NH3(g) + H2S(g)
At t = 0, 0.1
At t = t, 0.1(1 − α) 0.1α 0.1α
It is given that dissociation is 20% from 100 moles.
∴ 20 moles get dissociated.
20
20% dissociation from 1 mol = 0.2 moles get dissociated.
100
α = 0.2
[NH3][H2S] [NH3][H2S]
∵ KC = = (Concentration of solid is assumed as 1)
[NH4 HS] 1
Number of moles of NH3(g) 0.1α
[NH3] = =
Volume(in L) 2
Number of moles of H2 S 0.1α
[H2S] = =
Volume(in L) 2
0.1α 0.1 × 0.2 0.1 × 0.2
KC = 0.1α2 × = × = 10−4
2 2 2
∴Kp = KC(RT)Δn
[Δn =change in the number of gaseous moles = 2]
Kp = 10−4 × (0.08 × 300)2
Kp = 10−4 × (24)2 = 0.06
−2
x × 10 = 0.06
⇒x = 0.06−2
= 0.06 × 102 = 6
10
x = 6 is the answer.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question94
−18
The molar solubility of Zn(OH)2 in 0.1M NaOH solution is x × 10 M. The value of x is
......... (Nearest integer)
(Given; The solubility product of Zn(OH)2 is 2 × 10−20 ).
[1 Sep 2021 Shift 2]

Answer: 2

Solution:

2+ −
Zn(OH)2 ⇌ Zn + 2OH
S 2S
Due to common-ion effect (presence of NaOH) the concentration of OH− will be (2S + 0.1) ≈ 0.1
(∵ 0.1> > 2 S)
∴ Solubility of product,
Ksp = (0.1)2 × S
2 × 10−20 = 0.01 × S
−20
2 × 10
⇒S= = 2 × 10−18
0.01
∴x=2
Hence, answer is 2.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question95
In the figure shown below reactant A (represented by square) is in equilibrium with
product B (represented by circle). The equilibrium constant is:
[Jan. 09, 2020 (II)]
Options:

A. 4

B. 8

C. 1

D. 2

Answer: D

Solution:

Equilibrium constant
[B] 11
Kc= = ≈2
[A] 6
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question96
For the following Assertion and Reason, the correct option is:
Assertion: The pH of water increases with increase in temperature.
Reason: The dissociation of water into H + and OH − is an exothermic reaction.
[Jan.08,2020(II)]
Options:

A. Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation for the assertion.

B. Both assertion and reason are false.

C. Both assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation for the assertion.

D. Assertion is not true, but reason is true.

Answer: B

Solution:

:
Temperature plays a significant role on pH measurements. As the temperature rises, molecular vibrations increase which results in greater ability
of water to ionise and form more hydrogen ions.
As a result, the pH will drop. So assertion is incorrect. The dissociation of water molecules into ions is bond breaking and is therefore an
endothermic process (energy must be absorbed to break the bonds). So reason is also incorrect.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question97
Two solutions, A and B, each of 100L was made by dissolving 4g of N aOH and 9.8g of
H 2SO4 in water, respectively. The pH of the resultant solution obtained from mixing
40L of solution A and 10L of solution. B is ________.
[NV, Jan. 07, 2020 (I)]

Answer: 10.60

Solution:
 9.8
MH = = 10−3M
2SO4 98 × 100
4
M N aOH = = 10−3M
40 × 100
−
After neutralisation [OH ] can be calculated as
(40 × 10−3) − (2 × 10−3 × 10)
[OH ] =
50
20
= × 10−3
50
− 2
[OH ] = × 10−3
5
pOH = 3.397
pH = 14 − pOH
= 14 − 3.397 = 10.603

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question98
3g of acetic acid is added to 250mL of 0.1M H Cl and the solution made up to 500mL.
To 20mL of this solution 12 mL of 5M N aOH is added. The pH of the solution is
_________.
[Given: pKa of acetic acid = 4.75, molar mass of acetic
acid = 60g ∕ mol , log 3 = 0.4771 ]
Neglect any changes in volume.
[NV, Jan. 07, 2020 (II)]
Answer: 5.22

Solution:

Mass
No. of moles =
Molar mass
3
3gCH 3COOH = 0.5mol = 50mmol
60
No. of millimoles = Molarity × Volume in mL
250mL of 0.1M H Cl = 250 × 0.1 = 25mmol
500mL solution = 50mmol CH 3COOH
50
20mL solution = × 20 = 2mmol CH 3COOH
500
500mL solution contains = 25mmol H Cl
25
20mL solution contains = × 20 = 1mmol H Cl
500
1 1
mL of 5M N aOH = × 5 = 2.5mmol N aOH
2 2
H Cl + N aOH ⟶ N aCl + H 2O
1 2.5 1
Remaining N aOH = 2.5 − l = 1.5mmol

1.5
pH = pK a + log = 4.74 + log 3
0.5
= 4.74 + 0.48 = 5.22
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question99
−5 2+ −
The K sp for the following dissociation is 1.6 × 10 PbCl 2(s) ⇌ Pb (aq) + 2Cl (aq)
Which of the following choices is correct for a mixture of
300 mL 0.134 M Pb(NO3)2 and 100 mL 0.4 MNaCl?
[Jan. 09, 2020 (I)]
Options:

A. Not enough data provided

B. Q < K s
C. Q > K sp

D. Q = K sp

Answer: C

Solution:
PbCl 2 ⇌ Pb2+(aq) + 2Cl −(aq)
Given; K sp = 1.6 × 10−5
300 × 0.134
[Pb2+] = = 0.1005
400
− 100 × 0.4
[Cl ] = = 0.1
400
Q = [Pb2+][Cl −]2 = 0.1005 × (0.1)2
= 1.005 × 10−3
Q > K sp

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question100
−31
The solubility product of Cr(OH )3 at 298K is 6.0 × 10 .
The concentration of hydroxide ions in a saturated solution of Cr(OH )3 will be:
[Jan. 09,2020 (II)]
Options:
−31 1 ∕ 4
A. (2.22 × 10 )
−31 1 ∕ 4
B. (18 × 10 )

C. (18 × 10−31)1 ∕ 2

D. (4.86 × 10−29)1 ∕ 4

Answer: B

Solution:
Cr(OH )3 → Cr + 3OH −
3+
s
K sp = s . (3s)3

( 276 × 10 )
1∕4
⇒6 × 10−31 = 27 . s4; s = −31

] = 3s = 3 × ( )
6 1∕4
[OH − × 10 −31
27
= (18 × 10−31)1 ∕ 4M
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question101
The stoichiometry and solubility product of a salt with the solubility curve given below
is, respectively:

[Jan. 08,2020 (I)]

Options:
 −9 3
A. X 2Y , 2 × 10 M

B. X Y 2, 4 × 10−9M 3

−9 3
C. X Y 2, 1 × 10 M

−6 3
D. X Y , 2 × 10 M

Answer: B

Solution:
From the given curve,
if [X ] = 1mM then [Y ] = 2mM
∴ Salt is X Y 2
K sp = [X ][Y ]2 = (10−3)(2 × 10−3)2 = 4 × 10−9M 3
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question102
For the reaction
F e2N (s) + 32 H 2(g) ⇌ 2F e(s) + N H 3(g)
[Sep. 06,2020(I)]
Options:

A. K c = K p(RT )

−1
B. K c = K p(RT ) 2

1
C. K c = K p(RT ) 2

3
D. K c = K p(RT ) 2

Answer: C

Solution:
∆ng
K p = K c(RT ) = K c(RT )1 − 3 ∕ 2 = K c(RT )−1 ∕ 2
⇒K c = K p(RT )1 ∕ 2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question103
The value of K c is 64 at 800K for the reaction N 2(g) + 3H 2(g) ⇌ 2N H 3(g).
The value of K c for the following reaction is:
N H 3(g) ⇌ 12 N 2(g) + 3
2
H 2(g)
[Sep. 06, 2020 (II)]
Options:

A. 1 ∕ 64

B. 8

C. 1 ∕ 4

D. 1 ∕ 8

Answer: D

Solution:
N 2(g) + 3H 2(g) ⇌ 2N H 3(g); K c
1
2N H 3(g) ⇌ N 2(g) + 3H 2(g);
Kc
For
1 3 1
N H 3(g) ⇌ N 2(g) + H 2(g);
2 2 K c1 ∕ 2
1 1 1
= =
Kc
1∕2
(64)
1∕2 8

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question104
For a reaction X + Y ⇌ 2Z , 1.0mol of X , 1.5mol of Y and 0.5 mol of Z were taken in a 1
−1
L vessel and allowed to react. At equilibrium, the concentration of Z was 1.0mol L .
x
The equilibrium constant of the reaction is 15 . The value of x is __________.
[NV, Sep. 05, 2020 (II)]

Answer: 16

Solution:

Solution:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question105
For the equilibrium A ⇌ B, the variation of the rate of the forward (a) and reverse (b) reaction with time is given by:
[Sep. 04,2020(I)]

For the equilibrium A ⇌ B, the variation of the rate of the forward (a) and reverse (b)
reaction with time is given by:
[Sep. 04,2020(I)]
Options:

A.

B.

C.
D.

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
At equilibrium, rate of forward reaction = Rate of backward reaction.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question106
If the equilibrium constant for A ⇌ B + C is K eq(1) and that of B + C ⇌ P is K eq(2), the
equilibrium constant for A ⇌ P is:
[Sep. 04,2020(II)]
Options:

A. K eq(1) ∕ K eq(2)

B. K eq(2) − K eq(t)

(1) (2)
C. K eq + K eq

(1) (2)
D. K eq
K eq

Answer: D

Solution:
(1)
A ⇌ B + C; K eq . . . (i)
(2)
B + C ⇌ P; K eq . . . (ii)
On adding equations (i) and (ii), we get
A⇌P
(1) (2)
K eq( overall ) = K eq ⋅ K eq
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question107
The variation of equilibrium constant with temperature is given below:
Temperature Equilibrium Constant
∘
T 1 = 25 C K 1 = 10
T 2 = 100∘C K 2 = 100
The values of ∆H ∘, ∆G∘ at T 1 and ∆G∘ at T 2 (in kj mol −1 ) respectively, are close to
−1 −1
[ use R = 8.314J K mol ]
[Sep. 06, 2020 (I)]
Options:
A. 28.4, −7.14 and −5.71

B. 0.64, −7.14 and −5.71

C. 28.4, −5.71 and −14.29

D. 0.64, −5.71 and −14.29

Answer: C

Solution:
∆G∘ = −RT ln K , T 1 = 25∘C, K 1 = 10
∆G∘ at T 1 = −8.314 × 298 × 2.303 × log 10 = −5.71kJ ∕ mol
∆G∘ at T 2 = −8.314 × 298 × 373 × 2.303 × log(100)
= −14.29kJ ∕ mol
∆G∘ = ∆H ∘ − T ∆ S∘
⇒−5.71 = ∆H ∘ − 298(∆S∘)
⇒−14.29 = ∆H ∘ − 373(∆S∘)
∆H ∘ = 28.4kJ ∕ mol
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question108
Consider the following reaction:
0
N 2O4(g) ⇌ 2N O2(g); ∆H = +58kJ
For each of the following cases ((i), (ii)), the direction in which the equilibrium shifts
is:
(i) Temperature is decreases
(ii) Pressure is increased by adding N 2 at constant T .
[Sep .05,2020(I)]
Options:

A. (i) towards product, (ii) towards product

B. (i) towards reactant, (ii) towards product

C. (i) towards reactant, (ii) no change

D. (i) towards product, (ii) no change

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
(i) As reaction is endothermic ( ∆H z = + ve) so on decrease in temperature equilibrium will shift towards reactant side.
(ii) On increase in pressure by adding inert gas (N 2) at same temperature, no shifting will take place. The equilibrium changes only if the added
gas is a reactant or product involved in the reaction.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question109
Arrange the following solutions in the decreasing order of pOH:
(A) 0.01M H Cl
(B) 0.01M N aOH
(C) 0.01M CH 3COON a
(D) 0.01M N aCl
[Sep. 06, 2020 (I)]
Options:

A. (A) > (C) > (D) > (B)

B. (A) > (D) > (C) > (B)

C. (B) > (C) > (D) > (A)

D. (B) > (D) > (C) > (A)

Answer: B

Solution:
0.01M H Cl
[H +] = 10−2, pH = −log 10−2 = 2
pOH = 14 − 2 = 12
(B) 0.01M N aOH
[OH −] = 10−2, pOH = −log[OH ] = 2
(C) 0.01M CH 3COON a
1
pH = 7 + [pK a + log 0.01]
2
pH > 7 ⇒ pOH < 7
(D) 0.01M N aCl , pH = 7, pOH = 7
Decreasing order of pOH value is,
(A) > (D) > (C) > (B)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question110
A soft drink was bottled with a partial pressure of CO2 of 3 bar over the liquid at room
temperature. The partial pressure of CO2 over the solution approaches a value of 30 bar
when 44g of CO2 is dissolved in 1kg of water at room temperature. The approximate pH
−1
of the soft drink is ______ ×10 .
(First dissociation constant of H 2CO3 = 4.0 × 10−7; log 2 = 0.3; density of the soft drink
= 1gmL−1 )
[NV, Sep. 05, 2020(I)]

Answer: 7

Solution:

0.1α2
4.0 × 10−7 =
1−α
⇒(1 − α) = 1
α2 = 4 × 10−6 ⇒ α = 2 × 10−3
=[H +] = 2 × 10−4M
pH = 4 × log 2 = 3.7 = 37 × 10−1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question111
100mL of 0.1M H Cl is taken in a beaker and to it 100mL of 0.1M N aOH is added in
steps of 2mL and the pH is continuously measured. Which of the following graphs
correctly depicts the change in pH?
[Sep. 03, 2020 (II)]
Options:

A.
B.

C.

D.

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
At equivalence point pH is 7 and pH increases with addition of N aOH so correct graph is (c).

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question112
If the solubility product of AB2 is 3.20 × 10−11M 3, then the solubility of AB2 in pure
−4 −1
water is _______×10 mol L .
[Assuming that neither kind of ion reacts with water]
[NV, Sep.06, 2020 (II)]

Answer: 2

Solution:

AB2 ⇌ A2+(aq) + 2B
2s−(aq)
K sp = 4s3 = 3.2 × 10 −11

⇒s3 = 8 × 10−12
⇒s = 2 × 10−4
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question113
An acidic buffer is obtained on mixing :
[Sep. 03,2020 (I)]
Options:

A. 100mL of 0.1M CH 3COOH and 100mL of 0.1M N aOH

B. 100mL of 0.1M H Cl and 200mL of 0.1M N aCl

C. 100mL of 0.1M CH 3COOH and 200mL of 0.1M N aOH

D. 100mL of 0.1M H Cl and 200mL of 0.1M CH 3COON a

Answer: D

Solution:

Buffer solution contains CH 3COON a( 10 millimole ) and CH 3COOH ( 10 millimole) which is a acidic buffer.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question114
For the following Assertion and Reason, the correct option is
Assertion (A): When Cu (II) and sulphide ions are mixed, they react together extremely
quickly to give a solid.
Reason (R): The equilibrium constant of Cu2+(aq) + S2− (aq) ⇌CuS(s) is high because
the solubility product is low.
[Sep. 02,2020(I)]
Options:

A. (A) is false and (R) is true

B. Both (A) and (R) are false

C. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the explanation for (A)

D. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the explanation for (A)

Answer: C

Solution:

2+ 2−
Cu ions get precipitated every quickely due to low K sp value even at very low concentration of S ion.
2+ 2−
CuS(s) ⇌ Cu + S
K sp = [Cu2+][S2−]
Cu2+ + S2− ⇌ CuS(s)
1 1
K eq = =
[Cu2+][S2−] K sp
Due to high value of K eq , CuS precipitated easily.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question115
For the equilibrium
2H 2O ⇌ H 3O+ + OH − ; the value of ∆G∘ at 298K is approximately:
[Jan. 11, 2019 (II)]
Options:
−1
A. 100kJ mol

B. −80kJ mol −1

C. 80kJ mol −1
−1
D. −100kJ mol

Answer: C

Solution:
∆G = ∆G∘ + RT ln Q
At equilibrium; ∆G = 0 and Q = K eq
⇒ ∆ G∘ = −2.303RT log K w
= −2.303 × 8.314 × 298 × log 10−14
= 79.9kJ ∕ mol ≈ 80kJ ∕ mol
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question116
Which amongst the following is the strongest acid?
[Jan. 9,2019 (I)]
Options:

A. CH Br3

B. CH I 3

C. CH (CN )3

D. CH Cl 3

Answer: C

Solution:

Due to the resonance stabilisation of the conjugate base, CH (CN )3 is the strongest acid amongst the given compounds.
CH (CN )3 ⇌ H + + C(CN )3

The conjugate bases of CH Br3 and CH I 3 are stabilised by inductive effect of halogens. This is why, they are less stable. Also, the conjugate base
of CH Cl 3 involves backbonding between 2p and 3p orbitals.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question117
If K 50 of Ag2CO3 is 8 × 10−12, the molar solubility of Ag2CO3 in 0.1M AgN O3 is:
[Jan. 12,2019(II)]
Options:

A. 8 × 10−12M
−11
B. 8 × 10 M
 −10
C. 8 × 10 M
−13
D. 8 × 10 M

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
As AgN O3 dissociates completely,
therefore in 0.1M AgN O3 solution, [Ag+] = 0.1M
AgN O3 ⟶ Ag + N O0.1−
+
0.1
Ag2CO3 ⇌ 0.1 + 2ss
Ag+ + CO32−
K sp = [Ag ] [CO32−]
+ 2

−12 2
8 × 10 = (0.1 + 2s) × s
−12
0.01s = 8 × 10 ; (0.1 + 2s × 0.1)
−10
s = 8 × 10 M

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question118
20mL of 0.1M H 2SO4 solution is added to 30mL of 0.2 M N H 4OH solution. The pH of
the resultant mixture is:
[ pK b of N H 4OH = 4.7 ]
[Jan. 9,2019 (I)]
Options:

A. 5.2

B. 9.0

C. 5.0

D. 9.4

Answer: B

Solution:
m ⋅ mol of H 2SO4 = 20 × 0.1 = 2
m . mol of N H 4OH = 30 × 0.2 = 6

[N H 4OH ] left = 2m mol

[(N H 4)2SO4] = 2m mol
[N H 4] = 2 × 2 = 4m mol
Total Volume = 30 + 20 = 50 mL
pOH = pK b + log
Salt
Base [ ]
4 ∕ 50
= 4.7 + log
2 ∕ 50
= 4.7 + log 2 = 5
pH = 14 − pOH
pH = 14 − 5 = 9

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question119
A mixture of 100m mol of Ca(OH )2 and 2g of sodium sulphate was dissolved in water
and the volume was made up to 100mL. The mass of calcium sulphate formed and the
−
concentration of OH in resulting solution, respectively, are: (Molar mass of
Ca(OH )2, N a2SO4 and CaSO4 are 74,143 and 136gmol −1, respectively; K sp of Ca(OH )2
is 5.5 × 10−6 )
[Jan. 10,2019(I)]
Options:
−1
A. 1.9g, 0.28mol L

B. 13.6g, 0.28mol L−1

C. 1.9g, 0.14mol L−1

−1
D. 13.6g, 0.14mol L

Answer: A

Solution:
N a2SO4 + Ca(OH )2 → CaSO4 + 2N aOH
2 × 1000
m mol of N a2SO4 = = 13.98m mol
143
m mol of CaSO4 formed = 13.98m mol
Mass of CaSO4 formed = 13.98 × 10−3 × 136 = 1.90g
m mol of N aOH = 28m mol ≈ 0.028 mol
Ca(OH )2 ⇌ Ca2+ + 2OH −
S 2s + 0.028
Value of ' S ' will be negligible so
0.028 mol
[OH ] = = 0.28 mol L−1
0.1L
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question120
Two solids dissociate as follows
A(s) → B(g) + C(g); K P = xatm2
1

D(s) → C(g) + E (g); K P = yatm2

2

The total pressure when both the solids dissociate simultaneously is:
[Jan. 12, 2019 (I)]
Options:

A. √x + y atm

B. 2(√x + y) atm

C. (x + y)atm

D. x2 + y2 atm

Answer: B

Solution:
A(s) ⟶ B(g) + C(g)
Pl P1 + P2
K P = PB × PC
1

P1(P1 + P2) = x
K P = PC × PE
2

(P1 + P2)P2 = y ...(ii)

Adding (i) and (ii)
∴P1(P1 + P2) + P2(P1 + P2) = x + y
P12 + P1P2 + P2P1 + P22 = x + y
P12 + P22 + 2P1P2 = x + y
⇒&(P1 + P2)2 = x + y
⇒P1 + P2 = √x + y
∴ Total pressure (PT ) = PC + PB + PE
(P1 + P2) + P1 + P2 = 2(P1 + P2)
PT = 2(√x + y)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question121
 K
In a chemical reaction, A + 2B⇌2C + D, the initial concentration of B was 1.5 times of
the concentration of A, but the equilibrium concentrations of A and B were found to be
equal. The equilibrium constant (K ) for the aforesaid chemical reaction is:
[Jan. 12, 2019 (I)]
Options:

A. 4

B. 16

1
C. 4

D. 1

Answer: A

Solution:

Given, 3 − 2x = 2 − x
⇒x=1
∴ [C] = 2, [D] = 1, [A] = 1, [B] = 1

{ }
2
2 ×1
Kc= 2
=4
1 ×1

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question122
Consider the reaction
N 2(g) + 3H 2(g) ⇌ 2N H 3(g)
The equilibrium constant of the above reaction is K p.If pure ammonia is left to
dissociate, the partial pressure of ammonia at equilibrium is given by (Assume that
PN H < < P total at equilibrium)
3

[Jan. 11, 2019 (I)]

Options:
3∕2 1∕2 2
3 KP P
A. 16

1∕2 2
KP P
B. 16

1∕2 2
KP P
C. 4

3∕2 1∕2 2
3 KP P
D. 4

Answer: A

Solution:
1
2N H 3(g) ⇌ N 2(g) + 3H 2(g), K =
PNH PN PH
KP
3 2 2
3
1 PN ( PH )
K = = 2 2
2
. . . (i)
Kp ( PN H ) 3

⇒P Total (P) = PN + PH + PN H
2 2 3

= PN + PH
2 2
( ∵PN H 3
< PT )
1 3
Now, Partial f 2 = P; Partial pressure of H 2 = P
4 4
 ( 14 P ) ( 34 P )
3

1
From eq (i), =
KP 2
( PN H )3
2 2
( PN H ) P P3 3 ( PN H ) P4 3
3
= ⋅ ⋅3 ; 3
= ⋅3
KP 4 43 KP 4
4

[ ]
1∕2
2 P4 P4
( PN H ) ⋅ 33; PN H =
= K P⋅ K P⋅ ⋅ 33
3 44 3 44
33 ∕ 2 ⋅ P2 ⋅ K P1 ∕ 2
PN H =
3 16

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question123
The values of K p ∕ K c for the following reactions at 300K are, respectively: ( At
300K , RT = 24.62dm3 atm mol−1 )
N 2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2N O(g)
N 2O4(g) ⇌ 2N O2(g)
N 2(g) + 3H 2(g) ⇌ 2N H 3(g)
[Jan. 10, 2019 (I)]
Options:
3 −1
A. 1, 24.62dm atm mol ,
6 2 −2
606.0dm atm mol

B. 1, 24.62d m3 atm mol−1,

1.65 × 10−3dm−6atm−2mol2
−2 −3 −1
C. 1, 4.1 × 10 dm atm mol,
606dm6atm2mol2

D. 24.62dm3 atm mol−1,

6 2 −2
606.0dm atm mol
−3 −6 −2 2
1.65 × 10 dm atm mol

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
n
K p = K c(RT )∆ g
Kp n
∆ g
∆ng = No. of gaseous moles of products - No. of gaseous moles of reactants = (RT )
Kc
N 2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2N O(g), ∆ng = 0
Kp
= (24.62d m3atmmol −1)0 = 1
Kc
N 2O4(g) ⇌ 2N O2(g), ∆ng = 1
Kp 3 −1
= 24.62d m atmmol
Kc
N 2(g) + 3H 2(g) ⇌ 2N H 3(g), ∆ng = −2
Kp
= (24.62d m3atmmol −1)−2
Kc
= 1
(24.62d m3atmmol −1)2
= 1.65 × 10−3d m−6atm−2mol 2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question124
5.1 gN H 4SH is introduced in 3.0L evacuated flask at 327∘C, 30% of the solid N H 4SH
decomposed to N H 3 and H 2S as gases. The K p of the reaction at 327∘C is ( R = 0.082L
atm mol −1K −1, molar mass of S = 32gmol −1, molar mass of N =
−1
14gmol )
[Jan. 10, 2019 (II)]
Options:

A. 0.242 × 10−4atm2
−4 2
B. 1 × 10 atm

C. 4.9 × 10−3atm2

D. 0.242atm2

Answer: D

Solution:
Concerned reaction:
N H 4SH ⟶ N H 3(g) + H 2S(g)
5.1
Initial moles = = 0.1mol
51
Moles at equillibrium
N H 4SH ⟶ N H 3(g) + H 2S(g)
0.1(1 − 0.3) 0.1 × 0.3 0.1 × 0.3
∴K c = [N H 3][H 2S] =
0.03 2
3
= 10−4 ( )
K p = K c(RT )∆ng
−4 2 2
= 10 × (0.082 × 600) = 0.242atm
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question125
Consider the following reversible chemical reactions:
K1

A2(g) + B2(g)⟵2AB(g)..... . (1)

K2

6AB(g) ⇌ 3A2(g) + 3B2(g).... . (2)

The relation between K 1 and K 2 is:
[Jan. 9,2019(II)]
Options:

1
A. K 1K 2 = 3

B. K 2 = K 13

−3
C. K 2 = K 1

D. K 1K 2 = 3

Answer: C

Solution:
Given:
K1
A2 + B2 ⇌ 2AB
1
⇒ 2AB ⇌ A2 + B2; K =
K1
K1

( K1 )
3
6AB⟵3A2 + 3B2; K 2 =
1
−3
The relation between K 1 and K 2 is K 2 = K 1

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question126
The INCORRECT match in the following is:
[April 12, 2019 (II)]
Options:

A. ∆G0 < 0, K > 1

 0
B. ∆G = 0, K = 1
0
C. ∆G > 0, K < 1

D. ∆G0 < 0, K < 1

Answer: D

Solution:
∘
∆G = −RT ln K
∘
∴ If K > 1 then ∆G < 0
∘
If K < 1 then ∆G > 0
∘
If K = 1 then ∆G = 0

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question127
In which one of the following equilibria, K p ≠ K c ?
[April 12, 2019 (II)]
Options:

A. 2C(s) + O2(g) ⇌ 2CO(g)

B. 2H I (g) ⇌ H 2(g) + I 2(g)

C. N O2(g) + SO2(g) ⇌ N O(g) + SO3(g)

D. 2N O(g) ⇌ N 2(g) + O2(g)

Answer: A

Solution:
∆ng
We know that, K p = K c . (RT )
∴ If ∆ng ≠ 0 then K p ≠ K c
Now, 2C(s) + O2(g) ⇌ 2CO(g)
∆ng = +1
⇒K p = K c(RT )1
Hence, K p ≠ K c
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question128
For the following reactions, equilibrium constants are given:
52
S(s) + O2(g) ⇌ SO2(g); K 1 = 10
129
2S(s) + 3O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3(g); K 2 = 10
The equilibrium constant for the reaction,
2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3(g) is:
[April 8, 2019 (II)]
Options:

A. 10154
181
B. 10
25
C. 10

D. 1077

Answer: C

Solution:
 52
Given, S + O2 ⇌ SO2 .. . (i); K 1 = 10
129
2S + 3O2 ⇌ 2SO3 ... (ii); K 2 = 10
2SO2 + O2 ⇌ 2SO3 ... (iii) ; K = ?
To get equation (iii) follow (ii) −2 (i),
129
2S + 3O2 → 2SO3 K = 10
104
−(2S + 2O2 → 2SO2 K = 10 )
25
O2 → 2SO3 − 2SO2 K = 10
25
or 2SO2 + O2 → 2SO3K = 10
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question129
For the reaction,
2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3(g)
−1 16
∆H = −57.2kJ mol and K c = 1.7 × 10
Which of the following statement is INCORRECT?
[April 10, 2019 (II)]
Options:

A. The equilibrium constant is large suggestive of reaction going to completion and so no catalyst is required.

B. The equilibrium will shift in forward direction as the pressure increases.

C. The equilibrium constant decreases as the temperature increases.

D. The addition of inert gas at constant volume will not affect the equilibrium constant.

Answer: A

Solution:

Equilibrium constant has no relation with catalyst. Catalyst only affects the rate of the reaction. Catalyst, V 2O5 in the given reaction, is used to
speed up the reaction.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question130
Consider the following statements
(a) The pH of a mixture containing 400mL of 0.1M H 2SO4 and 400mL of 0.1M N aOH
will be approximately 1.3.
(b) Ionic product of water is temperature dependent.
(c) A monobasic acid with K a − 10−5 has a pH = 5. The degree of dissociation of this
acid is 50%.
(d) The Le Chatelier's principle is not applicable to common-ion effect.
The correct statements are :
[April 10, 2019 (I)]
Options:

A. (a), (b), and (d)

B. (a), (b) and (c)

C. (b) and (c)

D. (a) and (b)

Answer: B

Solution:
N aH SO4 → N a+ + H + + SO42−
+ 0.04
[H ] = = 0.05M ; pH = 1.3
0.80
(b) Ionic product of water increases with increase in temperature because ionisation of water is endothermic.

+
Given pH = 5 ⇒ −log(H ) = 5
+ −5
∴[H ] = 10
As we know,
2 2
Cα Cα Cα ⋅ α
Ka= ; 10−5 = =
1−α 1−α (1 − α)
α 1
10−5 = 10−5 ;α= i.e., 50%
1−α 2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question131
In an acid base titration, 0.1M H Cl solution was added to the N aOH solution of
unknown strength. Which of the following correctly shows the change of pH of the
titration mixture in this experiment?

[April 9,2019 (II)]

Options:

A. (B)

B. (A)

C. (C)

D. (D)

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
Graph A and B, both represents the titration curve between strong acid and strong base, i.e., H Cl and N aOH but, the pH of N aOH is more than
7 and during the titration it decreases, so graph (A) is correct.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question132
What is the molar solubility of Al (OH )3 in 0.2M N aOH solution ?
−24
Given that, solubility product of Al (OH )3 = 2.4 × 10 :
[April 12, 2019 (I)]
Options:

A. 3 × 10−19

B. 12 × 10−21

C. 3 × 10−22
D. 12 × 10−23

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
Let the solubility of Al (OH )3 in 0.2M N aOH solution be s.
Then,
Al (OH )3 ⇌ Al3+ + 3OH −
s 3s
and N aOH ⇌ N a+ + OH −
0.2M 0.2M 0.2M
3+ −
[Al ] = s and [OH ] = 3s + 0.2 ≈ 0.2
−24 3+ 3
K sp = 2.4 × 10 = [Al ][OH ]
2.4 × 10−24 = s(0.2)3
2.4 × 10−24 −22
s= = 3 × 10 mol ∕ L
8 × 103

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question133
−5
The molar solubility of Cd (OH )2 is 1.84 × 10 M in water. The expected solubility of
Cd (OH )2 in a buffer solution pH = 12 is:
[April 12, 2019 (II)]
Options:
−9
A. 1.84 × 10 M

2.49
B. × 10−9M
1.84

−11
C. 6.23 × 10 M

D. 2.49 × 10−10M

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
Cd (OH )2 ⇌ Cd 2+ + 2OH −
s 2s
2 3
At equilibrium, K sp = s(2s) = 4s
−5 −3
⇒K sp = 4 × (1.84 × 10 )
Solubility in buffer solution having pH = 12
[OH −] = 10−2
Cd (OH )2 ⇌ Cd 2+ + 2OH −
2s′ + 10−2 ≈ 10−2
−5 3 ′ −2 2
∴K sp = 4 × (1.84 × 10 ) = s (10 )
−15
24.9 × 10
⇒s′ = = 2.49 × 10−10M
10−4

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question134
The pH of a 0.02M N H 4Cl solution will be [given K b(N H 4OH ) = 10−5 and
log 2 = 0.301 ]
[April 10, 2019 (II)]
Options:

A. 2.65

B. 4.35

C. 4.65

D. 5.35

Answer: D
Solution:
1 1
pH = 7 − pK b − log C
2 2
5 1
=7− − (log 2 × 10−2) = 5.35
2 2
pH = 5.35
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question135
If solubility product of Z r3(PO4)4 is denoted by K sp and its molar solubility is denoted
by S, then which of the following relation between S and K sp is correct?
[April 8, 2019 (I)]
Options:

( )
1∕6
K gp
A. S = 144

( )
1∕7
K sp
B. S = 6912

( )
1∕9
Kϕ
C. S = 929

( )
1∕7
K sp
D. S = 216

Answer: B

Solution:
4+ 3−
Z r3(PO4)4 ⇌ 3Z r + 3SO4
3S 4S
4+ 3 3− 4 3 4
K sp = [Z r ] [PO4 ] = (3S) (4S)
7
K sp = 6912S

( 6912 )
K sp 1∕7
S=

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question136
At a certain temperature in a 5L vessel, 2 moles of carbon monoxide and 3 moles of
chlorine were allowed to reach equilibrium according to the reaction, CO + Cl 2 ⇌ COCl 2
At equilibrium, if one mole of CO is present then equilibrium constant (K c) for the
reaction is:
[Online April 15, 2018 (II)]
Options:

A. 2.5

B. 4

C. 2

D. 3

Answer: A

Solution:

Initially 2 moles of CO are present.

At equilibrium, 1 mole of CO is present
Hence, 2 − 1 = 1 moles of CO has reacted.
l. mole of CO will react with 1 mole of Cl 2 to form 1 mole of COCl 2
3 − 1 = 2 moles of Cl 2 remains at equilibrium The equilibrium constant
1mol
[COCl 2] 5L
Kc= = = 2.5
[CO][Cl 2] 1mol 2mol
×
5L 5L

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question137
In which of the following reactions, an increase in the volume of the container will
favour the formation of products?
[Online April 15,2018(I)]
Options:

A. 4N H 3(g) + 5O2(g) ⇌ 4N O(g) + 6H 2O(l )

B. 2N O2(g) ⇌ 2N O(g) + O2(g)

C. 3O2 ⇌ 2O3(g)

D. H 2(g) + I 2(g) ⇌ 2H I (g)

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
Volume ↑P↓, reaction proceeds in which direction where the number of moles of gases increases.
2N O2(g) ⇌ 2N O(g) + O2(g) ∆ ng = (2 + 1) − 2 = 1

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question138
The gas phase reaction 2N O2(g) ⟶ N 2O4(g) is an exothermic reaction. The
decomposition of N 2O4, in equilibrium mixutre of N O2(g) and N 2O4(g), can be
increased by:
[Online April 16, 2018]
Options:

A. addition of an inert gas at constant pressure

B. lowering the temperature

C. increasing the pressure

D. addition of an inert gas at constant volume

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
Reaction at equilibirium
N 2O4 ⇌ 2N O2
According to Le chatelier's principle-
(a) addition of an inert gas at constant pressure will increase volume and equilibirium shifts towards more number of molecules.
(b) Decomposition of N 2O4 will be endothermic, so reaction will move in forward reaction when temperature is increased.So, It is incorrect. It will
not effect reaction (volume is constant)
(c) Increasing the pressure on a gas reaction shifts theposition of equilibirium towards thesidewith fewer molecules. So, it will move in backward
direction which leads to formation of N 2O4 from N O2.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question139
Following four solutions are prepared by mixing different volumes of N aOH and H Cl
of different concentrations, pH of which one of them will be equal to 1 ?
[Online April 15, 2018 (II)]
Options:

M M
A. 55mL 10
H Cl + 45mL 10
N aOH

M M
B. 75mL 5
H Cl + 25mL 5
N aOH

M M
C. 100mL 10
H Cl + 100mL 10
N aOH

M M
D. 60mL 10
H Cl + 40mL 10
N aOH

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
M M
75mL H Cl + 25mL N aOH
5 5
M M
25mL N aOH will neutralise 25mL H Cl
5 5
M
75 − 25 = 50mL H Cl will remain.
5
Total volume will be 75 + 25 = 100mL
M
50mL H Cl is diluted to 100mL
5
+ M 50 M
[H ] = [H Cl ] = × =
5 100 10
+ M
pH = −log10[H ] = −log10 =1
10

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question140
Which of the following is a Lewis acid?
[Online April 15, 2018 (I)]
Options:

A. PH 3

B. N F 3

C. N aH

D. B(CH 3)3

Answer: D

Solution:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question141
Which of the following salts is the most basic in aqueous solution?
[2018]
Options:

A. Al (CN )3

B. CH 3COOK

C. F eCl 3

D. Pb(CH 3COO)2
Answer: B

Solution:
CH 3COOK is a salt of weak acid (CH 3COOH ) and strong base (KOH).
F eCl 3 is a salt of weak base [F e(OH )3] and strong acid (H Cl ).
Pb(CH 3COO)2, is a salt of weak base Pb(OH )2 and weak acid (CH 3COOH )
Al (CN )3 is a salt of weak base [Al (OH )3] and weak acid (HCN).

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question142
An aqueous solution contains 0.10M H 2S and 0.20M HCl. If the equilibrium constants
for the formation of HS from H 2S is 1.0 × 10−7 and that of S2− from H S -ions is 1.2
×10−13 then the concentration of S2− ions in aqueous solution is :
[2018]
Options:

A. 5 × 108
−20
B. 3 × 10
−21
C. 6 × 10

D. 5 × 10−19

Answer: B

Solution:
H 2S ⇌ 2H + + S2−, K a ⋅ K a = K eq
1 2
Atequb . 0.10 0.20 ?
+ 2 2−
[H ] [s ]
∴ = 1 × 10−7 × 1.2 × 10−13
[H 2S]
2 2−
[0.2] [s ]
= 1.2 × 10−20
[0.1]
[S2] = 3 × 10−20
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question143
An aqueous solution contains an unknown concentration of Ba2+. When 50mL of a 1M
solution of N a2SO4 is added, BaSO4 just begins to precipitate. The final volume is 500
mL. The solubility product of BaSO4 is 1 × 10−10 . What is the original concentration of
Ba2+?
[2018]
Options:
−9
A. 5 × 10 M

B. 2 × 10−9M
−9
C. 1.1 × 10 M
−10
D. 1.0 × 10 M

Answer: C

Solution:

2−
Concentration of SO4 in BaSO4 solution
M 1V 1 = M 2V 2
1 × 50 = M 2 × 500
 1
M2=
10
For just precipitation
Ionic product = K sp
2+ 2
[Ba ][SO4 ] = K sp(BaSO4)
2+ 1
[Ba ]× = 10−10
10
2+ −9
[Ba ] = 10 M in 500mL solution
2+
Thus [ Ba ] in original solution
(500 − 50 = 450mL)
−9
⇒M 1 × 450 = 10 × 500
[ where M 1 = Molarity of original solution]
500 −9 −9
M1= × 10 = 1.11 × 10 M
450

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question144
The minimum volume of water required to dissolve 0.1g lead (II) chloride to get a
−8
saturated solution ( K sP of PbCl 2 = 3.2 × 10 ; atomic mass of Pb = 207u ) is:
[Online April 15, 2018 (I)]
Options:

A. 1.798L

B. 0.36L

C. 17.95L

D. 0.18L

Answer: D

Solution:
(K sp)PbCl = 3.2 × 10−8 = 32 × 10−9
2

PbCl 2 ⇌ Pb2+ + 2Cl

−
s
K sp = [Pb2+][Cl −]2
K sp = 4s3 = 32 × 10−9
s3 = 8 × 10−9
s = 2 × 10−3M
W 1
× = 2 × 10−3
M ⋅W VL
0.1 1
× = 2 × 10−3
278 V L
0.1 × 1000
VL= = 0.18L
278 × 2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question145
The following reaction occurs in the Blast Furnace where iron ore is reduced to iron
metal :
F e2O3(s) + 3CO(g) ⇌ 2F e(l ) + 3CO2(g)
Using the Le Chatelier's principle, predict which one of the following will not disturb
the equilibrium?
[Online April 9, 2017]
Options:

A. Removal of CO

B. Removal of CO2

C. Addition of CO2

D. Addition of F e2O3
Answer: D

Solution:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question146
50mL of 0.2M ammonia solution is treated with 25mL of 0.2M H Cl . If pK b of ammonia
solution is 4.75, the pH of the mixture will be:
[Online April 9, 2017]
Options:

A. 3.75

B. 4.75

C. 8.25

D. 9.25

Answer: D

Solution:

N H 3 + H Cl ⟶ N H 4Cl
moles of H Cl = 0.2M × 25 × 10−3L = 0.005 moles HCl (total consumed)
moles of N H 3 = 0.2M × 50 × 10−3L = 0.01mol esH Cl
excess N H 3 = 0.01 − 0.005 = 0.005mol es
1 mole ammonia = 1mol eN H 4Cl
0.005N H 3 = 0.005N H 4Cl
Total volume = V H Cl + V N H = 25 + 50 = 75mL [N H 3] = [N H 4Cl ] = 0.005mol e = 0.066M
3
75 × 10−3L
[N H 4Cl ]
pOH = pK b + log
[N H 3]
[0.066]
pOH = 4.75 + log
[0.066]
pOH = 4.75
pH = 14 − pOH ⇒ pH = 9.25
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question147
pK a of a weak acid (HA) and pK b of a weak base (BOH) are 3.2 and 3.4, respectively.
The pH of their salt (AB) solution is
[2017]
Options:
A. 7.2

B. 6.9

C. 7.0

D. 1.0

Answer: B

Solution:

The salt (AB) given is a salt of weak acid and weak base. Hence the pH can be calculated by the following formula
1 1
∴pH = 7 + pK a − pK b
2 2
1 1
= 7 + (3.2) − (3.4) = 6.9
2 2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question148
Addition of sodium hydroxide solution to a weak acid (HA) results in a buffer of pH . . If
ionisation constant of H A is 10−5, the ratio of salt to acid concentration in the buffer
solution will be:
[Online April 8, 2017]
Options:

A. 4 : 5

B. 1 : 10

C. 10 : 1

D. 5 : 4

Answer: C

Solution:
H A ⇌ H + + A−
(Unionized, weak acid and common ion effect)
H A + N aOH ⟶ N aA + H 2O
N aA ⟶ N a+ + A− (ionized)
[H +][A−]
Ka=
[H A]
Given, pH = 6, [H +] = 1 × 10−6
K a[ Acid ]
[H +] =
[ Salt ]
[ Salt ] Ka 10−5
= = = 10 : 1
[ Acid ] +
[H ] 10−6

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question149
The equilibrium constant at 298K for a reaction A + B ⇌ C + D is 100 . If the initial
concentration of all the four species were 1 M each, then equilibrium concentration of
D (in mol L−1 ) will be:
[2016]
Options:

A. 1.818

B. 1.182

C. 0.182

D. 0.818

Answer: A
Solution:

Given, A + B ⇌ C + D
Kc= (
1+a 2
1−a
= 100; )
1+a
1−a
= 10
On solving; a = 0.81
[D]At = 1 + a = 1 + 0.81 = 1.81
Oq

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question150
A solid XY kept in an evacuated sealed container undergoes decomposition to form a
mixture of gases X and Y at temperature T . The equilibrium pressure is 10 bar in the
vessel. K p for this reaction is:
[Online April 10,2016]
Options:

A. 25

B. 100

C. 10

D. 5

Answer: A

Solution:
X Y (s) ⇌ X (g) + Y (g)
p p
At eqm.
Total pressure = 2p = 10 bar ∴p = 5;
Now K p = (px)(py) = p2 = 25.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question151
The plot shows the variation of −ln K p versus temperature for the two reactions.
1
M (s) + O (g)
2 2
→ M O(s) and
1
C(s) + O (g)
2 2
→ CO(s)

Identify the correct statement:

[Online April 9,2016]
Options:

A. At T < 1200K , oxidation of carbon is unfavourable.

B. Oxidation of carbon is favourable at all temperatures.

C. At T < 1200K , the reaction M O(s) + C(s) → M (s) + CO(g) is spontaneous.

D. At T > 1200K , carbon will reduce M O(s) to M (s).

Answer: C

Solution:

At T < 1200K , carbon will reduce M O(s) to M (s) hence, chemical reaction
M O(s) + C(s) ⟶ M (s) + CO(g) is spontaneous.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question152
For the reaction,
A(g) + B(g) → C(g) + D(g), ∆H ∘ and ∆S∘ are, respectively,
−29.8kJ mol −1 and −0.100kJ K −1mol −1 at 298K .
The equilibrium constant for the reaction at 298K is :
[Online April 9, 2016]
Options:

A. 1.0 × 10−10

B. 10

C. 1
10
D. 1.0 × 10

Answer: C

Solution:
Given ∆H ∘ = −29.8kJ mol −1
∆S∘ = −1.00kJ K −1
From the equation
∆G∘ = ∆H ∘ − T ∆ S∘ = −29.8 − (298× − 0.100)
= −29.8 + 29.8 = 0
Now, ∆G∘ = −2.303RT log K eq
0 = −2.303RT log K eq
∴K eq = 1.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question153
Gaseous N 2O4 dissociates into gaseous N O2 according to the reaction
[N 2O4(g) ⇌ 2N O2(g)]
At 300K and 1 atm pressure, the degree of dissociation of N 2O4 is 0.2. If one mole of
N 2O4 gas is contained in a vessel, then the density of the equilibrium mixture is :
[Online April 10, 2015]
Options:

A. 1.56g ∕ L

B. 6.22g ∕ L

C. 3.11gL
D. 4.56g ∕ L

Answer: C

Solution:

N 2O4(g) ⇌ 2N O2(g)
Where α = degree of dissociation.
∴ Mol. wt. of mixture
(1 − α) × M N O + 2α × M N O
= 2 4 2

(1 − α + 2∝)
(1 − 0.2)92 + 2 × 0.2 × 46
= = 76.66
(1 + 0.2)
Now, as per ideal gas equation,
PV = nRT
PM mix = d RT
PM mix 1 × 76.66
∴ d = = = 3.11g ∕ L
RT 0.0821 × 300
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question154
The standard Gibbs energy change at 300K for the reaction 2A ⇌ B + C is 2494.2J . At a
given time, the composition of the reaction mixture is [A] = 12 , [B] = 2 and [C] = 12 . The
reaction proceeds in the : [R = 8.314J ∕ K ∕ mol , e = 2.718]
[2015]
Options:

A. forward direction because Q < K c

B. reverse direction because Q < K c

C. forward direction because Q > K c

D. reverse direction because Q > K c

Answer: D

Solution:
∘
∆G = 2494.2J
2A ⇌ B + C.
1 1
[A] = , [B] = 2, [C] =
2 2
[B][C] 2×1∕2
Q= = =4
( )
2 1 2
[A]
2
∘
∆G = −2.303RT log K c
2494.2J = −2.303 × (8.314J ∕ K ∕ mol ) × (300K ) log K c
2494.2J
⇒log K c = −
2.303 × 8.314J ∕ K ∕ mol × 300K
⇒log K c = −0.4341; K c = 0.37; Q > K c

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question155
The following reaction is performed at 298K .
2N O(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2N O2(g)
The standard free energy of formation of N O(g) is 86.6 K J ∕ mol at 298K .
What is the standard free energy of formation of N O2(g) at 298K ?(K p = 1.6 × 1012)
[2015]
Options:
 ln(1.6 × 1012)
A. 86600 − R(298)

B. 0.5[2 × 86, 600 − R(298) ln(1.6 × 1012)]

12
C. R(298) ln(1.6 × 10 ) − 86600
12
D. 86600 + R(298) ln(1.6 × 10 )

Answer: B

Solution:
∘ o ∘ ∘
∆G = 2 ∆ Gf (N O2) − 2 ∆ Gf (N O)− ∆ Gf (O2)
rexn
∘ ∘ ∘ ∘
2 ∆ Gf (N O2) = ∆G n + 2 ∆ Gf (N O)+ ∆ Gf (O2)
rex
∘
∵ ∆ G = ∆G + RT ln K p
At equilibrium,
∘
∆G = 0, Q = K p; ∆G = −R ln K p
∘
∆Gj (O2) = 0
∘ 1 12
∴∆Gf (N O2) = [2 × 86600 − R(298) ln(1.6 × 10 )]
2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question156
The increase of pressure on ice ⇌ water system at constant temperature will lead to
[Online April 11, 2015]
Options:

A. a decrease in the entropy of the system

B. an increase in the Gibb's energy of the system

C. no effect on the equilibrium

D. a shift of the equilibrium in the forward direction

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
Volume of ice is greater than that of water. The direction in which the reaction will proceed can be predicted by applying Le-Chatelier's principle
1
Pressure ∝
Volume
So equilibrium, will shift forward.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question157
1 x
For the reaction SO2(g) + O (g)
2 2
⇌ SO3(g), if K p = K c(RT ) where the symbols have
usual meaning then the value of x is (assuming ideality):
[2014]
Options:

A. −1

1
B. − 2

1
C. 2

D. 1

Answer: B

Solution:
 1
SO2(g) + O (g) ⇌ SO3(g)
2 2
x
K p = K c(RT )
where x = ∆ng = number of gaseous moles in product − number of gaseous moles in reactants

=1− ( 1 + 12 ) = 1 − 32 = − 12
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question158
At a certain temperature, only 50%H I is dissociated into H 2 and I 2 at equilibrium. The
equilibrium constant is:
[Online April 9, 2014]
Options:

A. 1.0

B. 3.0

C. 0.5

D. 0.25

Answer: D

Solution:

2H I ⇌ H 2 + I 2
cα cα
At eqm. c-cα
2 2

Now, K c =
( )( )
cα
2
cα
2
(c − cα)2
α 0.5
KC= 2
;Kc= 2
4(1 − α) 4(1 − 0.5)
K 0 = 0.25

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question159
For the decomposition of the compound, represented as
N H 2COON H 4(s) ⇌ 2N H 3(g) + CO2(g) the K p = 2.9 × 10−5atm3.
If the reaction is started with 1mol of the compound, the total pressure at equilibrium
would be:
[Online April 19, 2014]
Options:

A. 1.94 × 10−2 atm

B. 5.82 × 10−2atm

C. 7.66 × 10−2atm

D. 38.8 × 10−2atm

Answer: B

Solution:

N H 2COON H 4(s) ⇌ 2N H 3(g) + CO2(g)

 2
( pN H ) × ( pCo ) 2
Kp= 3 2
= ( pN H ) × ( pCO )
PN H (s) 3 2
2COON H 4

As evident by the reaction, N H 3 and CO2 are formed in molar ratio of 2 : 1.

Thus if P is the total pressure of the system at equilibrium, then
2 1
pN H = × p pCO = ×P
3 3 2 3
3
( ) 4P
2P 2 P
Kp= × =
3 3 27
Given, K p = 2.9 × 10−5
3
4P
∴2.9 × 10−5 =
27
−5
3 2.9 × 10 × 27
P =
4

(
2.9 × 10−5 × 27
)
1∕3
P= = 5.82 × 10−2atm
4

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question160
What happens when an inert gas is added to an equilibrium keeping volume
unchanged?
[Online April 12, 2014]
Options:

A. More product will form

B. Less product will form

C. More reactant will form

D. Equilibrium will remain unchanged

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
On adding inert gas at constant volume the total pressure of the system is increased, but the partial pressure of each reactant and product
remains the same. Hence no effect on the state of equilibrium.

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Question161
The conjugate base of hydrazoic acid is:
[Online April 12, 2014]
Options:
−3
A. N

B. N 3−

−
C. N 2

D. H N 3−

Answer: B

Solution:

N 3H ⇌ N 3− + H +
Hydrazoic acid
i.e, conjugate base of hydrazoic acid is N 3.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question162
Assuming that the degree of hydrolysis is small, the pH of 0.1M solution of sodium
 −5
acetate (K a = 1.0 × 10 ) will be:
[Online April 11, 2014]
Options:

A. 5.0

B. 6.0

C. 8.0

D. 9.0

Answer: D

Solution:
Sodium acetate is a salt of strong base and weak acid.
1 1
∴pH = 7 + pK a + log c where pK a = −log K a
2 2
5 1
=7+ −
2 2
= 9.0
−5
= −log 10 = 5
−1
log c = log 10 = −1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question163
+
In some solutions, the concentration of H 3O remains constant even when small
amounts of strong acid or strong base are added to them. These solutions are known
as:
[Online April 11, 2014]
Options:

A. Ideal solutions

B. Colloidal solutions

C. True solutions

D. Buffer solutions

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
Solutions which resist the change in the value of pH when small amount of acid or base is added to them are known as buffers.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question164
Consider the following equilibrium
+ −
AgCl ↓ +2N H 3 ⇌ [Ag(N H 3)2] + Cl
White precipitate of AgCl appears on adding which of the following?
[Online April 11,2014]
Options:

A. N H 3

B. aqueous N aCl

C. aqueous H N O3

D. aqueous N H 4Cl
Answer: C

Solution:
+ − −
2H N O3(aq) + [Ag(N H 3)2] + Cl ⟶ AgCl (s) ↓ +2N H 4 + 2N O3
When nitric acid is added to amine solution, solution is made acidic and the complex ion dissociates and liberate silver ion to recombine with
chloride ion. This is the conformatory test for silver in group 1.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question165
Zirconium phosphate [Z r3(PO4)4] dissociates into three zirconium cations of charge +4
and four phosphate anions of charge −3. If molar solubility of zirconium phosphate is
denoted by S and its solubility product by K sp then which of the following relationship
between S and K sp is correct?
[Online April 19,2014]
Options:

A. S = {K sp ∕ (6912)1 ∕ 7}

1∕7
B. S = {K sp ∕ 144}

C. S = {K sp ∕ 6912}1 ∕ 7

D. S = {K sp ∕ 6912}7

Answer: C

Solution:
[Z r3(PO4)4] ⇌ 3Z r4+ + 4PO43−
3s 4s
K sp = (3s)3(4s)4
= 27s3 × 256s4
= 6912s7

∴s = (
K sp 1 ∕ 7
6912
)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question166
In reaction A + 2B ⇌ 2C + D, initial concentration of B was 1.5 times of [A], but at
equilibrium the concentrations of A and B became equal. The equilibrium constant for
the reaction is :
[Online April 9, 2013]
Options:

A. 8

B. 4

C. 12

D. 6

Answer: B

Solution:
 (2x)2 × x
Hence, K c =
(a − x)(1.5a − 2x)2
Given, at equilibrium
∴ (a − x) = (1.5a − 2x)
∴ a = 2x
On solving K c = 4

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Question167
(1) N 2(g) + 3H 2(g) ⇌ 2N H 3(g), K 1
(2) N 2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2N O(g), K 2
1
(3) H 2(g) + O (g)
2 2
⇌ H 2O(g), K 3
The equation for the equilibrium constant of the reaction
2N H 3(g) + 52 O2(g) ⇌ 2N O(g) + 3H 2O(g), (K 4) in ter of K 1, K 2 and K 3 is :
[Online April 23, 2013]
Options:

K1⋅K2
A. K3

K 1 ⋅ K 32
B. K2

C. K 1K 2K 3

K 2 ⋅ K 33
D. K1

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
To calculate the value of K 4 in the given equation we should apply:
eqn. (2) +cqn . (3) × 3 -eqn. (1)
K 2K 33
hence K 4 =
K1

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Question168
Kp
The ratio Kc
for the reaction is:
[Online April 25, 2013]
Options:

1
A.
√RT

B. (RT )1 ∕ 2

C. RT

D. 1

Answer: A

Solution:
∆n
K p = K c(RT ) g
For the reaction
1
CO(g) + O2(g) ⇌ CO2(g)
2
∆ng = 1 − 1 +
1
2 (
=−
1
2 )
 Kc Kp I
∴ Kp= ; =
√RT Kc √RT

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Question169
How many litres of water must be added to 1 litre an aqueous solution of H Cl with a
pH of 1 to create an aqueous solution with pH of 2 ?
[2013]
Options:

A. 0.1L

B. 0.9L

C. 2.0L

D. 9.0L

Answer: D

Solution:
+ −1
∵pH = 1; H = 10 = 0.1M
+ −2
pH = 2; H = 10 = 0.01M
∴M 1 = 0.1 V 1 = 1
M 2 = 0.01, V 2 = ?
From
M 1V 1 = M 2V 2
0.1 × 1 = 0.01 × V 2
V 2 = 10L
∴ Volume of water added = 10 − 1 = 9L
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Question170
N aOH is a strong base. What will be pH of 5.0 × 10−2M N aOH solution ? (log 2 = 0.3)
[Online April 22, 2013]
Options:

A. 14.00

B. 13.70

C. 13.00

D. 12.70

Answer: D

Solution:

Given [OH −] = 5 × 10−2

∴pOH = −log 5 × 10−2
= −log 5 + 2 log 10 = 1.30
∵pH + pOH = 14
∵pH = 14 − pOH
= 14 − 1.30 = 12.70
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Question171
Equimolar solutions of the following compounds are prepared separately in water.
Which will have the lowest pH value?
[Online April 23, 2013]
Options:
A. BeCl 2

B. SrCl 2

C. CaCl 2

D. M gCl 2

Answer: A

Solution:

Metal halide on hydrolysis with water form corresponding hydroxides.

The basic strength of hydroxide increases as we move down in a group. This is because of the increase in size which results in decrease of
ionization energy which weakens the strength of M − O bonds in M OH and thus increases the basic strength.
Be(OH )2 M g(OH )2
Amphoteric Weak base
Ca(OH )2 Sr(OH )2Ba(OH )2
Strong base
Hence, Be(OH )2 will have lowest pH .

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question172
What is the pH of a 10−4M OH − solution at 330K , if K w at 330K is 10−13.6?
[Online April 23, 2013]
Options:

A. 4

B. 9.0

C. 10

D. 9.6

Answer: D

Solution:
Given at 330K
−13.6
K w = 10
i.e. pK w = pH + pOH
−
∵pOH = −log[OH ]
13.6 = pH + pOH
−4
pOH = −log 10
pOH = 4
∴ pH = 13.6 − 4
= 9.6
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question173
Which one of the following arrangements represents the correct order of the proton
affinity of the given species:
[Online April 25, 2013]
Options:
− − − −
A. I <F <HS <NH2

B. H S− < N H 2− < F − < I −

C. F − < I − < N H 2− < H S

D. N H 2− < H S− < I − < F −

Answer: A
Solution:
The species with the greatest proton affinity will be the strongest base, and its conjugate acid will be the weakest acid. The weakest acid will have
the smallest value of K ∘ Since H I is a stronger acid than H F which is a stronger acid than H 2S, a partial order of proton affinity is
a
− − −
I <F <HS
−
Since N H 3 is a very weak acid, N H 2 must be a very strong base. Therefore the correct order of proton affinity is
− − −
I <F <HS <NH2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question174
Values of dissociation constant, K 0 are given as follows:

− − −
Correct order of increasing base strength of the base CN F and N O2 will be:
[Online April 22, 2013]
Options:

A. F < CN − < N O2−

B. N O2− < CN − < F −

C. F < N O2− < CN −

D. N O2− < F − < CN −

Answer: C

Solution:

Higher the value of K a lower will be the value of pK a i.e. higher will be the acidic nature. Further since CN −, F − and N O2− are conjugate base of
the acids H CN , H F and H N O2 respectively hence the correct order of base strength will be
F − < N O2− < CN
( ∵ stronger the acid weaker will be its conjugate base)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question175
What would be the pH of a solution obtained by mixing 5g of acetic acid and 7.5g of
sodium acetate and making the volume equal to 500mL ?
(K a = 1.75 × 10−5, pK a = 4.76)
[Online April 25, 2013]
Options:

A. pH = 4.70

B. pH < 4.70

C. pH of solution will be equal to pH of acetic acid

D. 4.76 < pH < 5.0

Answer: D

Solution:
Concentration of CH 3COOH is computed as under.
conc. = 5g in 500mL
= 10g ∕ L [ Mol. wt. of CH 3COOH = 60
10 1
[CH 3COOH ] = M; M
60 6
concentration of CH 3COON a is computed as under.
conc. = 7.5g in 500mL
= 15g ∕ L
15
[CH 3COOH ] = M
18
pK a = −log K a
= log(1.8 × 10 − 5) = 4.7447
[sal t]
pH = pK a + log
[ acid ]
15 ∕ 82
= 4.744 log
1∕6
= 4.7447 + log 1.097
= 4.7447 + 0.0402
= 4.78

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Question176
Solid Ba(N O3)2 is gradually dissolved in a 1.0 × 10−4M N a2CO3 solution. At which
2+
concentration of Ba , precipitate of BaCO3 begins to form ?( K sp for BaCO3
= 5.1 × 10−9 )
[Online April 9, 2013]
Options:
−5
A. 5.1 × 10 M

B. 7.1 × 10−8M

C. 4.1 × 10−5M

D. 8.1 × 10−7M

Answer: A

Solution:
Conc. of N a2CO3 = 1.0 × 10−4M
∴[CO32] = 1.0 × 10−4M i.e. s = 1.0 × 10−4M
At equilibrium
[Ba2+][CO32−] = K spof BaCO3
K sp 5.1 × 10−9
[Ba2+] = =
[CO32−] 1.0 × 10−4
= 5.1 × 10−5M
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question177
Which one of the following arrangements represents the correct order of solubilities of
sparingly soluble salts H g2Cl 2, Cr2(SO4)3, BaSO4 and CrCl 3 respectively?
[Online April 22, 2013]
Options:

A. BaSO4 > H g2Cl 2 > Cr2(SO4)3 > CrCl 3

B. BaSO4 > H g2Cl 2 > CrCl 3 > Cr2(SO4)3

C. BaSO4 > CrCl 3 > H g2Cl 2 > Cr2(SO4)3

D. H g2Cl 2 > BaSO4 > CrCl 3 > Cr2(SO4)3

Answer: B
Solution:

Cr2(SO4)3 ⟹ 2Cr3+ + 3SO42−

2 3 2 3 5
K sp
= (2s) (3s) = 4s × 27s = 108s

( 108 )
K 1∕5
sp
s=
H g2Cl 2 ⇌ 2H g2+ + 2Cl
−
2s
K sp
= (2s)2 × (2s)2 = 16s4

( K16 )
1∕4
sp
s=
BaSO4 ⇌ Ba2+ + SO42−
s s
K sp = s2
s = √K sp
3+ −
CrCl 3 ⟹ Cr + 3CI
s 3s
K sp = s × (3s)3 = 27s4

( K27 )
1∕4
sp
s=
Hence the correct order of solubilities of salts is

√K sp >
16
(
K sp 1 ∕ 4
> )
K sp 1 ∕ 4
27
> (
K sp 1 ∕ 5
108
) ( )
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question178
K 1, K 2 and K 3 are the equilibrium constants of the following reactions (I), (II) and (III)
respectively:
(I) N 2 + 2O2 ⇌ 2N O2
(II) 2N O2 ⇌ N 2 + 2O2
1
(III) N O2 ⇌ 2
N2 + O2
The correct relation from the following is
[Online May 7, 2012]
Options:

1 1
A. K 1 = =
K2 K3

1 1
B. K 1 = =
K2 (K 3)2

C. K 1 = √K 2 = K 3

1
D. K 1 = =K3
K2

Answer: B

Solution:
:
K1
(I) N 2 + 2O2 ⇌ 2N O2
2
[N O2]
K1= 2
. . . (i)
[N 2][O2]
K2
(II) 2N O2 ⇌ N 2 + 2O2
2
[N 2][O2]
K2= 2
. . . (ii)
[N O2]
K3
1
(III) N O2ef tarrows N + O2
2 2
1∕2
[N 2] [O2]
K3=
[N O2]
2
2 [N 2][O2]
∴(K 3) = 2
. . . (iii)
[N O2]
∴ From equation (i), (ii) and (iii)
1 1
K1= =
K2 (K 3)
2
Question179
3
8 mol of AB3(g) are introduced into a 1.0d m vessel. If it dissociates as
2AB3(g) ⇌ A2(g) + 3B2(g). At equilibrium, 2 mol of A2 are found to be present. The
equilibrium constant of this reaction is
[Online May 12, 2012]
Options:

A. 2

B. 3

C. 27

D. 36

Answer: C

Solution:

2AB3(g) ⇋ A2(g) + 3B2(g)

3
[A2][B2] 2 ∕ 1 × [6 ∕ 1]
3
now K c = 2
= 2
= 27
[AB3] [4 ∕ 1]

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Question180
The value of K p for the equilibrium reaction N 2O4(g) ⇌ 2N O2(g) is 2 .
The percentage dissociation of N 2O4(g) at a pressure of 0.5 atm is
[Online May 19, 2012]
Options:

A. 25

B. 88

C. 50

D. 71

Answer: D

Solution:

Total number of moles at eqm.

= (1 − α) + 2α
= (1 + α)
(1 − α)
pN O = ×P
2 4 a(1 + α)
2α
pN O = ×P
2 a(1 + α)
 ( (12α ×P)
2
2
( pN O ) + α)
Kp= 2
=
PN o
2 4
( 11 −+ αα ) × P
4α2P 4α2P 4α2P
Kp= ;Kp= ; =
2
(1 + α) (1 − α) (1 + α)(1 − α) 1−α
2

1+α
Given, K p = 2, P = 0.5atm
2 2
4α P 4α × 0.5
∴K p = ;2=
1 − α2 1 − α2
α = 0.707 ≈ 0.71
∴ Percentage dissociation
= 0.71 × 100 = 71

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question181
One mole of O2(g) and two moles of SO2(g) were heated in a closed vessel of one-litre
capacity at 1098K . At equilibrium 1.6 moles of SO3(g) were found. The equilibrium
constant K c of the reaction would be
[Online May 26, 2012]
Options:

A. 30

B. 40

C. 80

D. 60

Answer: C

Solution:

Given at equilibrium,
2α = 1.6
α = 0.8
2 2
(2α) (0.8) 0.64
Kc= 2
= 2
=
(1 − α)(2 − 2α) (1 − 0.8)(1 − 0.8) 0.002
K c = 80

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Question182
The pH of a 0.1 molar solution of the acid H Q is 3. The value of the ionization
constant, K a of the acid is :
[2012]
Options:

A. 3 × 10−1

B. 1 × 10−3

C. 1 × 10−5

D. 1 × 10−7

Answer: C

Solution:
 [H +]
H + = Cα; α =
C
10−3
or α = = 10−2
0.1
K a = Cα2 = 0.1 × 10−2 × 10−2 = 10−5

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question183
Given
+ −
(i) H CN (aq) + H 2O(I ) ⇌ H 3O (aq) + CN (aq)
K a = 6.2 × 10−10
− −
(ii) CN (aq) + H 2O(I ) ⇌ H CN (aq) + OH (aq)
K b = 1.6 × 10−5
These equilibria show the following order of the relative base strength,
[Online May 12, 2012]
Options:
− −
A. OH > H 2O > CN

B. OH − > CN − > H 2O

C. H 2O > CN − > OH −

D. CN −>H 2O > OH −

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
The more is the value of equilibrium constant, the more is the completion of reaction or more is the concentration of products i.e. the order of
relative strength would be
OH − > CN − > H 2O

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Question184
The solubility (in mol L−1 ) of AgCl (K sp = 1.0 × 10−10) in a 0.1 M KCl solution will be
[Online May 7, 2012]
Options:

A. 1.0 × 10−9

B. 1.0 × 10−10

C. 1.0 × 10−5

D. 1.0 × 10−11

Answer: A

Solution:
Let solubility of AgCl = smol ∕ L
AgCl ⇌ Ag+ + Cl −
i.e., K sp(AgCl ) = s × s
K Cl ⟶ K + + Cl −
0.1
[Cl −] from K Cl = 0.1M
Total [Cl −] in solution = s + 0.1
K cp(AgCl ) = [Ag+][Cl −] = s(s + 0.1)
1.0 × 10−10 = s(s + 0.1)
1.0 × 10−10 = s2 + 0.1s
1.0 × 10−10 = 0.1s (as s2 ≪ < 1 )
s = 1.0 × 10−9mol ∕ L
Question185
∘ −10
If K sp of CaF 2 at 25 C is 1.7 × 10 , the combination amongst the following which
gives a precipitate of CaF 2 is
[Online May 19, 2012]
Options:

A. 1 × 10−2M Ca2+ and 1 × 10−3M F −

B. 1 × 10−4M Ca2+ and 1 × 10−4M F −

C. 1 × 10−2M Ca2+ and 1 × 10−5M F

D. 1 × 10−3M Ca2+ and 1 × 10−5M F −

Answer: A

Solution:

When ionic product i.e. the product of the concentration of ions in the solution exceeds the value of solubility product, formation of precitpiate
occurs.
2+ −
CaF 2 ⇌ Ca + 2F
Ionic product = [Ca2+][F −]2
when, [Ca2+] = 1 × 10−2M
[F −]2 = (1 × 10−3)2M
= 1 × 10−6M
∴ [Ca2+][F −]2 = (1 × 10−2)(1 × 10−6) = 1 × 10−8
In this case,
Ionic product (1 × 10−8)>
solubility product (1.7 × 10−10)

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Question186
The solubility of PbI 2 at 25∘C is 0.7gL−1. The solubility product of PbI 2 at this
−1
temperature is (molar mass of PbI 2 = 461.2gmol )
[Online May 26, 2012]
Options:

A. 1.40 × 10−9

B. 0.14 × 10−9

C. 140 × 10−9

D. 14.0 × 10−9

Answer: D

Solution:
PbI 2 ⇌ Pb2+ + 2I −
s 2s
K cp = s × (2s)2 = 4s3

( 461.2 )
0.7 3
=4× = 14.0 × 10−9

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question187
An acid HA ionises as
H A ⇌ H + + A−
The pH of 1.0M solution is 5. Its dissociation constant would be :
[2011RS]
Options:

A. 5

B. 5 × 10−8

C. 1 × 10−5

D. 1 × 10−10

Answer: D

Solution:
pH = 5 means
[H +] = 10−5

[H +][A−] (cα)2 [H +]2

Ka= = =
[H A] c(1 − α) c − [H +]
+
But, [H ]< < c
∴K a = [H +]2 = (10−5)2 = 10−10

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question188
The K sp for Cr(OH )3 is 1.6 × 10−30 . The solubility of this compound in water is :
[2011 RS]
Options:

A. 4 √ 1.6 × 10−30

B. 4 √ 1.6 × 10−30 ∕ 27

C. 1.6 × 10−30 ∕ 27

D. 2 √ 1.6 × 10
−30

Answer: B

Solution:
3+ −
Cr(OH )3(s) ⟹ Cr (aq) + 3OH (aq.)
4
27s = K sp

( K27 ) ( 1.6 ×2710 )

1∕4 −30 1∕4
sp
s= =

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question189
In aqueous solution the ionization constants for carbonic acid are
K L = 4.2 × 10−7 and K 2 = 4.8 × 10−11
Select the correct statement for a saturated 0.034M solution of the carbonic acid.
[2010]
Options:

A. The concentration of CO32− is 0.034M .

B. The concentration of CO32− is greater than that of H CO3−

C. The concentrations of H + and H CO3− are approximately equal.

D. The concentration of H + is double that of CO32−.

Answer: C

Solution:

+ − −7
H 2CO3 ⇌ H + H CO3 K 1 = 4.2 × 10
− + 2− −11
H CO3 ⇌H + CO3 K 2 = 4.8 × 10
Second dissociation constant (K 2) is much smaller than the first one (K 1). Just a small fraction of total H CO3− formed will undergo second stage of
ionization. Hence in saturated solution
[H +]≫> > [CO32−]; [CO32−] ≠ 0.034M
[H CO32−]> > [CO32−] and [H +] ≈ [H CO3−]

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question190
Solubility product of silver bromide is 5.0 × 10−13. The quantity of potassium bromide
(molar mass taken as 120g mol −1 ) to be added to 1 litre of 0.05M solution of silver
nitrate to start the precipitation of AgBr is
[2010]
Options:
−10
A. 1.2 × 10 g

B. 1.2 × 10−9g

C. 6.2 × 10−5g

D. 5.0 × 108g

Answer: B

Solution:
+ −
AgBr ⇌ Ag + Br
+ −
K sp = [Ag ][Br ]
For precipitation to occur
Ionic product > Solubility product
−13
− K sp 5 × 10 −11
[Br ] = = = 10
+
[Ag ] 0.05
−11
i.e., precipitation just starts when 10 moles of K Br is added to I LAgN O3 solution
− −11
∴ Number of moles of Br needed from K Br = 10
−11 −9
∴ Mass of K Br = 10 × 120 = 1.2 × 10 g
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question191
At 25∘C, the solubility product of M g(OH )2 is 1.0 × 10−11. At which pH , will M g2+ ions
2+
start precipitating in the form of M g(OH )2 from a solution of 0.001M M g ions?
[2010]
Options:

A. 9

B. 10

C. 11

D. 8

Answer: B

Solution:
M g(OH )2 ⇌ M g2+ + 2OH −
K sp = [M g2+][OH −]2
1.0 × 10−11 = 10−3 × [OH −]2

[OH −] =
√ 10−11
10−3
= 10−4

∴ pOH = 4
∴ pH + pOH = 14
∴ pH = 10

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question192
−
Three reactions involving H 2PO4 are given below:
(i) H 3PO4 + H 2O → H 3O+ + H 2PO4− [2010]
− 2− +
(ii) H 2PO4 + H 2O → H PO4 + H 3O
(iii) H 22PO4− + OH − → H 3PO4 + O2
−
In which of the above does H 2PO4 act as an acid ?
[2010]
Options:

A. (ii) only

B. (i) and (ii)

C. (iii) only

D. (i) only

Answer: A

Solution:
+ −
(i) H 3PO4 + H 2O ⟶ H 3O + H 2PO4
acid1 base2 acid2 base1
− 2− +
(ii) H 2PO4 + H 2O ⟶ H PO4 + H 3O
acid1 base2 base1 acid2
− − 2−
(iii) H 2PO4 + OH ⟶ H 3PO4 + O
base1 acid2 acid1 base2
−
Hence only in (ii) reaction, H 2PO4 is acting as an acid.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question193
−4
Solid Ba(N O3)2 is gradually dissolved in a 1.0 × 10 M N a2CO3 solution. At what
concentration of Ba2+ will a precipitate begin to form? ( K xp for for BaCO3 = 5.1 × 10−9 )
[2009]
Options:

A. 5.1 × 10−5M

B. 8.1 × 10−8M

C. 8.1 × 10−7M

D. 4.1 × 10−5M

Answer: A

Solution:
N a2CO3 ⟶ 2N a+ + CO32−
1 × 10−4M 1 × 10−4M 1 × 10−4M
2+
K sp(BaCO ) = [Ba ][CO32−]
3
 −9
5.1 × 10
[Ba2+] = −4
= 5.1 × 10−5M
1 × 10

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question194
The equilibrium constants K p and K p for the reactions X ⇌ 2Y and Z ⇌ P + Q,
1 2

respectively are in the ratio of 1 : 9. If the degree of dissociation of X and Z be equal,

then the ratio of total pressures at these equilibria is
[2008]
Options:

A. 1 : 36

B. 1 : 1

C. 1 : 3

D. 1 : 9

Answer: A

Solution:
Let the initial moles of X be 'a' and that of Z be ' b ' then for the given reactions.

Total no. of moles = a(1 − α) + 2aα

= a − aα + 2aα
= a(1 + α)

( )
2 ∆n
(ny) PT
Kp = × 1
1 nx ∑n

[ ]
dn
nQ × nP PT
Now K p = × 2
2 nz ∑n
(bα)(bα) ⋅ PT
or K p = 2

2 [b(1 − α)][b(1 + α)]

2
Kp 4α ⋅ PT (1 − α)
2 4PT
or 1
= 2
1
× 2
= 1

Kp (1 − α ) PT ⋅ α PT
2 2 2

[
4PT 1 Kp 1
or 1
= ∵ 1
= given ]
PT 9 Kp 9
2 2

PT 1
or 1
= or 1 : 36
PT 36
2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question195
For the following threereactions (i), (ii) and (iii), equilibrium constants are given:
(i) CO(g) + H 2O(g) ⇌ CO2(g) + H 2(g); K l
(ii) CH 4(g) + H 2O(g) ⇌ CO(g) + 3H 2(g); K 2
(iii) CH 4(g) + 2H 2O(g) ⇌ CO2(g) + 4H 2(g); K 3
Which of the following is correct?
[2008]
Options:

A. K 1√K 2 = K 3

B. K 2K 3 = K 1

C. K 3 = K 1K 2
D. K 3 ⋅ K 23 = K 12

Answer: C

Solution:
Reaction (iii) can be obtained by adding reactions (i) and (ii) therefore K 3 = K 1 . K 2

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Question196
Four species are listed below:
i. H CO3−
+
ii. H 3O
iii. H SO4−
iv. H SO3F
Which one of the following is the correct sequence of their acid strength?
[2008]
Options:

A. iv < ii < iii < i

B. ii < iii < i < iv

C. i < iii < ii < iv

D. iii < 1 < iv < ii

Answer: C

Solution:

The correct order of acidic strength of the given species is

H SO3F > H 3O+ > H SO4− > H CO3−
(iv) (ii) (iii) (i)
or (i) < (iii) < (ii) < (iv)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question197
The pK a of a weak acid, H A, is 4.80. The pK b of a weak base, BOH , is 4.78. The pH of
an aqueous solution of the corresponding salt, BA, will be
[2008]
Options:

A. 9.58

B. 4.79

C. 7.01

D. 9.22

Answer: C

Solution:
In aqueous solution, BA(salt) hydrolyses to give
BA + H 2O ⇌ BOH + H A
base acid
Now pH is given by
1 1 1
pH = pK W + pK a − pK b
2 2 2
Substituting given values, we get
1
pH = (14 + 4.80 − 4.78) = 7.01
2
Question198
The first and second dissociation constants of an acid H 2 A are 1.0 × 10−5 and
5.0 × 10−10 respectively. The overall dissociation constant of the acid will be
[2007]

Options:

A. 0.2 × 105

B. 5.0 × 10−5

C. 5.0 × 1015
−15
D. 5.0 × 10 .

Answer: D

Solution:
+ −
H 2A ⇌ H +HA
+ −
−5 [H ][H A ]
∴K 1 = 1.0 × 10 =
[H 2A]
− + −
HA ⇌H +A
−10 [H +][A−]
∴ K 2 = 5.0 × 10 =
[H A−]
For the reaction,
+ 2−
H 2A ⇌ 2H + A
+ 2 2−
[H ] [A ]
K = =K1×K2
[H 2A]
= (1.0 × 10−5) × (5 × 10−10) = 5 × 10−15
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question199
The pK a of a weak acid (HA) is 4.5. The pOH of an aqueous buffer solution of H A in
which 50% of the acid is ionized is
[2007]
Options:

A. 7.0

B. 4.5

C. 2.5

D. 9.5

Answer: D

Solution:

For acidic buffer, pH = pK a + log

salt
acid [ ] pH = 4.5 + log [ [acid]
salt ]

As HA is 50% ionized so [salt] = [ acid ]

∴pH = 4.5
∵pH + pOH = 14
pOH = 14− pH = 14 − 4.5 = 9.5

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question200
In a saturated solution of the sparingly soluble strong electrolyte AgI O3 (molecular
+ −
mass = 283 ) the equilibrium which sets in is AgI O3(s) ⇌ Ag (aq) + I O3 (aq). If the
solubility product constant K sp of AgI O3 at a given temperature is 1.0 × 10−8, what is
the mass of AgI O3 contained in 100mL of its saturated solution?
[2007]
Options:

A. 1.0 × 10−4g
−2
B. 28.3 × 10 g
−3
C. 2.83 × 10 g

D. 1.0 × 10−7g.

Answer: C

Solution:
+ −
Let s = solubility AgI O3 ⇌ Ag + I O3
+ s 2
K sp = [Ag ][I O3 ] = s × s = s
−8
Given K 5p = 1 × 10
∴ s = √K sp = √ 1 × 10−8
−4 −4
= 1.0 × 10 mol ∕ L = 1.0 × 10 × 283g ∕ L
( ∵ Molecular mass of AgI O3 = 283 )
−4
1.0 × 10× 283 × 100
= g ∕ 100mL
1000
−3
= 2.83 × 10 g ∕ 100mL
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question201
Phosphorus pentachloride dissociates as follows, in a closed reaction vessel
PCl 5(g) ⇌ PCl 3(g) + Cl 2(g)
If total pressure at equilibrium of the reaction mixture is P and degree of dissociation
of PCl 5 is x, the partial pressure of PCl 3 will be
[2006]
Options:

A. ( x
x−1 )P
B. ( x
1−x )P
C. ( x
x+1 )P
D. ( 2x
1−x )P
Answer: C

Solution:
PCl 5(g) ⇌ PCl 3(g) + Cl 2(g)
1−x x x
Total moles after dissociation 1 − x + x + x = 1 + x
pPCl = Mole fraction of PCl 3 × Total pressure
3

= ( 1 +x x ) P
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question202
The equilibrium constant for the reaction
SO3(g) ⇌ SO2(g) + 12 O2(g)
 −2
is K c = 4.9 × 10 .
The value of K c for the reaction 2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3(g)
will be
[2006]
Options:

A. 9.8 × 10−2

B. 4.9 × 10−2

C. 416

D. 2.40 × 10−3

Answer: C

Solution:
1
SO3(g) ⇌ SO2(g) + O (g)
2 2
1∕2
[SO2][O2] −2
Kc= = 4.9 × 10
[SO3]
On taking the square of the above reaction
2
[SO2] [O2] −4
2
= 24.01 × 10
[SO3]
Now for 2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3
2
′ [SO3] 1
Kc = 2
= −4
= 416
[SO2] [O2] 24.01 × 10

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question203
For the reaction :
2N O2(g) ⇌ 2N O(g) + O2(g)
( K c = 1.8 × 10−6 at 184∘C )(R = 0.0831kJ ∕ (mol . K ))
When K p and K c are compared at 184∘C, it is found that
[2005]
Options:

A. Whether K p is greater than, less than or equal to K c depends upon the total gas pressure

B. K p = K c

C. K p is less than K c

D. K p is greater than K c

Answer: D

Solution:
For the reaction:-
2N O2(g) ⇌ 2N O(g) + O2(g)
Given K c = 1.8 × 10−6 at 184∘C
R = 0.0831kJ ∕ mol . K
∆n
K p = K c(RT )
K p = 1.8 × 10−6 × 0.0831 × 457
= 6.836 × 10−6
Hence it is clear that K p > K c

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question204
An amount of solid N H 4H S is placed in a flask already containing ammonia gas at a
certain temperature and 0.50 atm pressure. Ammonium hydrogen sulphide decomposes
to yield N H 3 and N 2S gases in the flask. When the decomposition reaction reaches
equilibrium, the total pressure in the flask rises to 0.84 atm? The equilibrium constant
for N H 4H S decomposition at this temperature is
[2005]
Options:

A. 0.11

B. 0.17

C. 0.18

D. 0.30

Answer: A

Solution:

Then 0.5 + x + x = 2x + 0.5 = 0.84 (given)

x = 0.17 atm.
pN H = 0.5 + 0.17 = 0.67atm
3

pH S = 0.17atm
2
2
K = pN H × pH S = 0.67 × 0.17atm
3 2

= 0.1139 = 0.11
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question205
The exothermic formation of CI F 3 is represented by the equation:
Cl 2(g) + 3F 2(g) ⇌ 2Cl F 3(g); ∆ H = −329kJ
Which of the following will increase the quantity of CI F 3 in an equilibrium mixture of
Cl 2, F 2 and Cl F 3 ?
[2005]
Options:

A. Adding F 2

B. Increasing the volume of the container

C. Removing Cl 2

D. Increasing the temperature

Answer: A

Solution:

The reaction given is an exothermic reaction thus accordingly to Le-Chatalier's principle lowering of temperature, addition of F 2 and or Cl 2 favour
the forward direction and in hence the production of CI F 3.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question206
Hydrogen ion concentration in mol ∕ L in a solution of pH = 5.4 will be:
[2005]
Options:
A. 3.98 × 10−6

B. 3.68 × 10−6

C. 3.88 × 106

D. 3.98 × 108

Answer: A

Solution:
+ 1
pH = −log[H ] = log +
[H ]
1
5.4 = log +
[H ]
+ −6
On solving, [H ] = 3.98 × 10
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question207
What is the conjugate base of OH − ?
[2005]
Options:

A. O2−
−
B. O

C. H 2O

D. O2

Answer: A

Solution:

Conjugate acid-base pair differ by only one proton.

− + 2−
OH ⟶ H + O
2
Conjugate base of OH is O
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question208
The solubility product of a salt having general formula M X 2, in water, is :4 × 10−12.
2+
The concentration of M ions in the aqueous solution of the salt is
[2005]
Options:

A. 4.0 × 10−10M

B. 1.6 × 10−4M

C. 1.0 × 10−4M
−6
D. 2.0 × 10 M

Answer: C

Solution:
M X 2 ⇌ M 2+ + 2s2+
s 2s
Where s is the solubility of M X 2
then K sp = 4s3
4 × 10−12 = 4s3
or s = 1 × 10−4

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question209
The equilibrium constant (K c) for the reaction N 2(g) + O2(g) →2N O(g) at temperature
T is 4 × 10−4 . The value of K c for the reaction
N O(g) → 12 N 2(g) + 1
O (g)
2 2
at the same temperature is:
[2004, 2012]
Options:

A. 0.02

B. 2.5 × 102

C. 4 × 10−4

D. 50.0

Answer: D

Solution:
For the reaction
−4
N 2 + O2 ⟶ 2N O K c = 4 × 10
Hence for the reaction
1 1 ′ 1 1
N O ⟶ N 2 + O2 K c = = = 50
2 2 √K √ 4 × 10−4
c

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question210
What is the equilibrium expression for the reaction
P4(s) + 5O2(g) ⇌ P4O10(s)?
[2004]
Options:

A. K c = [O2]5

B. K c = [P4O10] ∕ 5[P4][O2]

5
C. K c = [P4O10] ∕ [P4][O2]

D. K c = 1 ∕ [O2]5

Answer: D

Solution:
For P4(s) + 5O2(g) ⇌ P4O10(s)
1
Kc= 5
(O2)
Solids have concentration unity.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question211
For the reaction, CO(g) + Cl 2(g) ⇌ COCl 2(g) the K p∕K c is equal to
[2004]
Options:

A. √RT
B. RT

C. 1 ∕ RT

D. 1.0

Answer: C
Solution:

K p = K c(RT )∆n ;
Here ∆n = 1 − 2 = −1
K 1
∴ p=
Kc RT
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question212
The conjugate base of H 2PO4− is
[2004]
Options:

A. H 3PO4

B. P2O5

3−
C. PO4

D. H PO42−

Answer: D

Solution:
+
−H
− 2−
H 2PO4 ─────▶ H PO4
Acid Conjugate base
+
Conjugate acid-base differs by H .
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question213
The molar solubility (in mol L−1 ) of a sparingly soluble salt M X 4 is 's'. The
corresponding solubility product is K 's' is given in term of K sp by the relation:
sp∘
[2004]
Options:
1∕5
A. s = (256K sp)

B. s = (128K sp)1 ∕ 4

C. s = (K sp ∕ 128)1 ∕ 4

D. s = (K sp ∕ 256)1 ∕ 5

Answer: D

Solution:
4+
MX4⇌MS + 4X
4S−
4 5
K sp
= [s][4s] = 256s

( )
K 1∕5
sp
∴s =
256
Question214
For the reaction equilibrium
N 2O4(g) ⇌ 2N O2(g)
−2
the concentrations of N 2O4 and N O2 at equilibrium are 4.8 × 10 and
−2 −1
1.2 × 10 mol L respectively. The value of K c for the reaction is
[2003]
Options:

A. 3 × 10−1mol L−1

B. 3 × 10−3mol L−1

C. 3 × 103mol L−1
2 −1
D. 3.3 × 10 mol L

Answer: B

Solution:

[N O2]2 [1.2 × 10−2]2

Kc= =
[N 2O4] [4.8 × 10−2]
= 3 × 10−3mol ∕ L
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question215
Consider the reaction equilibrium
2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3(g); ∆H ∘ = −198kJ
On the basis of Le Chatelier's principle, the condition favourable for the forward
reaction is
[2003]
Options:

A. increasing temperature as well as pressure

B. lowering the temperature and increasing the pressure

C. any value of temperature and pressure

D. lowering of temperature as well as pressure

Answer: B

Solution:

Due to exothermic nature of reaction low or optimum temperature will be required. Since 3 moles are changing to 2 moles, therefore high pressure
will be required.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question216
Which one of the following statements is not true?
[2003]
Options:

A. pH + pOH = 14 for all aqueous solutions

B. The pH of 1 × 108M H Cl is 8
C. 96,500 coulombs of electricity when passed through a CuSO4 solution deposits 1 gram equivalent of copper at
the cathode

D. The conjugate base of H 2PO4− is H PO42−

Answer: B

Solution:
+ −7 −8
pH of an acidic solution should be less than 7 . The reason is that from H 2O, [H ] = 10 M which cannot be neglected in comparison to 10 M.
The pH can be calculated as.
From acid, [H +] = 10−8M
From H 2O, [H +] = 10−7M
∴ Total [H +] = 10−8 + 10−7
= 10−8(1 + 10) = 11 × 10−8
∴pH = −log[H +] = −log 11 × 10−8
= −[log 11 + 8 log 10]
= −[1.0414 − 8] = 6.9586

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question217
When rain is accompanied by a thunderstorm, the collected rain water will have a pH
value
[2003]
Options:

A. slightly higher than that when the thunderstorm is not there

B. uninfluenced by occurrence of thunderstorm

C. that depends on the amount of dust in air

D. slightly lower than that of rain water without thunderstorm.

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
The rain water after thunderstorm contains dissolved acid and therefore the pH is less than rain water without thunderstorm.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question218
The solubility in water of a sparingly soluble salt AB2 is 1.0 × 10−5mol L−1 . Its solubility
product will be
[2003]
Options:

A. 4 × 10−10

B. 1 × 10−15

C. 1 × 10−10

D. 4 × 10−15

Answer: D

Solution:

AB2 ⇌ A2+ + 2B−

[A] = 1.0 × 10−5, [B] = [2.0 × 10−5]
K gp = [B][A] = [2 × 10−5]2[1.0 × 10−5] = 4 × 10−15
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question219
For the reaction CO(g) + (1 ∕ 2)O2(g) ⇌ CO2(g), K p ∕ K c is
[2002]
Options:

A. RT

B. (RT )−1

C. (RT )−1 ∕ 2
1∕2
D. (RT )

Answer: C

Solution:
K p = K c(RT )∆n ;

∆n = 1 − ( 1 + 12 ) = 1 − 32 = − 12
Kp
∴ = (RT )−1 ∕ 2
Kc

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question220
Change in volume of the system does not alter which of the following equilibria?
[2002]
Options:

A. N 2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2N O(g)

B. PCl 5(g) ⇌ PCl 3(g) + Cl 2(g)

C. N 2(g) + 3H 2(g) ⇌ 2N H 3(g)

D. SO2Cl 2(g) ⇌ SO2(g) + Cl 2(g)

Answer: A

Solution:

In reaction (a) the ratio of number of moles of reactants to products is same i.e. 2 : 2, hence change in volume will not alter the number of moles.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question221
Species acting as both Bronsted acid and base is
[2002]
Options:

A. H SO4−

B. N a2CO3

C. N H 3

D. OH

Answer: A

Solution:
 −
(H SO4) can accept and donate a proton
− +
(H SO4) + H → H 2SO4 (acting as base)
+
(H SO4) − H → SO42−. (acting as acid)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question222
Let the solubility of an aqueous solution of M g(OH )2, be x, then its K sp is
[2002]
Options:

A. 4x3

B. 108x5

C. 27x4

D. 9x.

Answer: A

Solution:
2+ −
M g(OH )2 → [M g ] + 2[OH ]
x 2x
2 2 2 3
K sp = [M g][OH ] = [x][2x] = x.4x = 4x
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question223
1M NaCl and 1M HCl are present in an aqueous solution. The solution is
[2002]
Options:

A. not a buffer solution with pH < 7

B. not a buffer solution with pH > 7

C. a buffer solution with pH < 7

D. a buffer solution with pH > 7.

Answer: A

Solution:

A buffer is a solution of weak acid and its salt with strong base and vice versa. H Cl is strong acid and N aCl is its salt with strong base. pH is less
than 7 due to H Cl .

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------