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Modules-5

Module on crim

Uploaded by

Carissa Infante
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module V

____________________

Computer Software Design, Integral Parts and


Functions

This module presents basic software architecture, design and various software
uses. Topics will also give emphasis on the different applications and use of different
software available and currently in-demand software formats and variations.

After successfully completing this module, you should be able to:

• Define what a software is;


• Distinguish various types of software;
• Know the basic structural design of a software;
• Identify various events/ improvement in the computing world;

• Weblinks for substantial reading and information reference


• Online videos for visual representation and demonstration
• PDF document as printed/non-printed material as evidence of topic resource
• Virtual Meeting for class discussion, brainstorming and exchange of ideas

Computer Software

- Computer software, or just software, is a collection of computer programs and


related data that provides the instructions for telling a computer what to do and how
to do it.
- Any set of instructions that guides the hardware and tells it how to accomplish each
task.
System Software
- System software is computer software designed to operate the computer hardware
to provide basic functionality and to provide a platform for running application
software.
- Refers to the operating system and all utility programs that manage computer
resources at a low level.
- The BIOS (basic input/output system) gets the computer system started after you
turn it on and manages the data flow between the operating system and attached
devices such as the hard disk, video adapter, keyboard, mouse, and printer.
- The boot program loads the operating system into the computer's main memory or
random-access memory (RAM).
- System software also includes system utilities, such as the disk defragmenter and
System Restore.

System Software Includes


• Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) Program

• Disk Defragmenter
• Disk Cleanup

• Disk Partition Tool

PC Software Characteristics
1. User-friendly in terms of interface
2. Easy to access
3. Intuitive and can be guided by the GUI and other features
4. Minimum training and documentation needed to use

Programming Software

- Programming software includes tools in the form of programs or applications that


software developers use to create, debug, maintain, or otherwise support other
programs and applications.
- The term usually refers to relatively simple programs such as compilers, debuggers,
interpreters, linkers, and text editors.
Software Types
Custom Software
▪ Written by programmers
▪ Takes a lot of time to write and test
▪ When specifications are unique
Packaged or Commercial
▪ Sold in stores, catalogs, or downloadable from the WWW
▪ Purchased from software publishers
▪ Must be installed
▪ Standard or custom installation
▪ The setup process copies some of all of the software to the hard disk
▪ May require the CD-ROM to be in the drive to run

Example of programming language:


C, C++, C#
▪ C++ is a low-level programming language that adds object-oriented features to its
base language C whereas C# is a high-level language. C++ compiles down to
machine code whereas C# 'compiles' down to CLR (Common Language Runtime),
which is interpreted by JIT in ASP.NET.
PHP (recursive acronym for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor)
▪ Suited for web development and can be embedded into HTML.
Python
▪ Often used in software applications, pages within a web browser, the shells of
operating systems and some games.
BASIC, Visual Basic
▪ Visual Basic provides a graphical user interface GUI that allows the developer to
drag and drop objects into the program as well as manually write program code
JavaScript
▪ JavaScript is a lightweight interpreted programming language. The web browser
receives the JavaScript code in its original text form and runs the script from that.
HTML
▪ HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is the code that is used to structure a web
page and its content.
Acquiring Software

Freeware
▪ Free to all
▪ Copyrighted
▪ Distributed in machine-readable format
Commercial Software
▪ Used most often
▪ Copyrighted
▪ Generally costly
▪ May not be copied without permission of the manufacturer.
Public-domain Software
▪ Un-copyrighted
▪ May be used or altered without restriction
▪ Generally developed under government grants.
Shareware
▪ Freely distributed for a trial period
▪ Pay a nominal fee to register with the author
Open source
▪ Free to all
▪ Source code is distributed
▪ May be used or altered
▪ Popular under LINUX OS

Application Software

- A program or group of programs designed to allow end users to accomplish one or


more specific (noncomputer related) tasks.
- Task-Oriented Software
- Productivity Software makes work faster, and our lives easier
Word Processing
▪ Uses: Memos, Reports, Correspondence, Minutes of meetings, anything to be
typed
Desktop Publishing
▪ Uses: Newsletters, Reports, Brochures
Electronic Spreadsheets
▪ Uses: Comparing mortgage interest rates, preparing budgets, Tracking weight
loss
Data Graphics
▪ Uses: Maps, Graphs, Charts, Makes Visual information more compelling
Database Management
▪ Uses: Keep track of a large number of related facts, Query the data for specific
information, Retrieve information in a variety of ways
Presentation Graphics
▪ Uses: Sales tool, demonstrate a product, Show cost/benefit projections on
charts, Present audio/video testimonials from satisfied customers
Office Suites
▪ Group of basic software applications designed to work together
▪ Data is portable between basic applications of the suite
▪ Various applications in the suite have the same “look and feel”
Graphic Arts
▪ Use software to produce art, express ideas

Integrated Applications
▪ Combine basic word processing, spreadsheet, and graphics capabilities
Communications
▪ Communicate from home with computer at office, access data stored in another
computer in another location, Stock exchange updates, Weather information
Web Browser
▪ Web browser, a software application used to locate and display Web pages.
Other Examples:
▪ Computer Aided Design (CAD)
▪ Video Editor
▪ Sound Editor
▪ Video Games
▪ Educational Software
▪ Email Client
▪ Electronic Media
Counterfeiting
- Software is copied onto CD-ROMS / DVD-ROMS
- Package duplicates the original
- Sold in flea markets or small stores
- Cheaper price
- Occurs more overseas
Computer Professionals
- Management Information Systems (MIS)
- Computer Information Systems (CIS)
- Computing Services
- Information Services
- Information Technology (IT)

Users – Any individual who operates a computer to accomplish a task


Data entry operators – key data into a machine-readable format
Computer operators – monitor the computer
Librarians – catalog and keep secure the disks
Computer programmers – write, test, implement, and maintain programs
Systems analysts – plan and design computer systems
Network manager – oversees the network
Chief Information Officer (CIO) – department manager; makes strategic decisions
relating to the flow of information in the organization

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