Example

An organic compound contains 49.3% carbon, 6.84% hydrogen and its vapor
density is 73. Molecular formula of compound is :-

Solution

Ans. C6H10O4
 Example

A moth repellent has the composition 49% C, 2.7% H and 48.3% Cl.
Its molecular weight is 147 gm. Determine its molecular formula.

Solution

Ans. C6H4Cl2
 Example

A polystyrene of formula Br3C6H2(C8H8)n was prepared by heating styrene

with tribromo benzyl peroxide in the absence of air. It was found to contain
10.48% bromine by weight. Find the value of n.

Solution

Ans. 19
 Example

The empirical formula of a compounds is CH2O. 0.25 mole of this compound

contains 1 gm hydrogen. The molecular formula of compound is -

Solution

Ans. C2H4O2
 Example

The empirical formula and molecular mass of a compound are CH2O and 180
amu respectively. What will be the molecular formula of the compound?
(A) C9H18O9 (B) CH2O (C) C6H12O6 (D) C2H4O2

Solution

Ans. (C)
 Example

Silicon combines with chlorine to give 26.9 g of compound. If compound

contains 21.3 g of Cl then determine Empirical formula of compound.

Solution

Ans. SiCl3
 Example

A gaseous mixture contains 2 moles of He and 6 moles H2 gas. What is the

average molecular mass of mixture ?

Solution

Ans. 2.5
 Example

A Gaseous mixture contains 40% H2 and 60% He, by volume. What is the
average molecular mass of mixture ?

Solution

Ans. 3.20
 Example

Calculate volume (in litre) of H2 gas kept at (1 atm & 273 K) if it contains as
many H atoms as in 98 gm H3PO4. [Atomic mass of P = 31]

Solution

Ans. 33.6L
 Example

A gas is found to have formula NOx its vapour density is 23, find x.

Solution

Ans. NO2
 Example

The charge on 1 gram ions of Al3+ in coulomb is :

(NA = Avogadro number, e = charge on one electron)
1 1
(A) 27 NA e coulomb (B) 3 × NA e coulomb

1
(C) 9 × NA e coulomb (D) 3 × NA e coulomb

Solution

Ans. D
 Example

An element exist in nature in two isotopic forms X30 (90% by mole) and X32
(10% by mole). What is the atomic mass of element ?

Solution

Ans. 30.2
 Example

Ag107, Ag109 are two isotopes of silver, if it’s atomic mass = 108.5. Find % by
mole of each isotope.

Solution

Ans. 25% , 75%

 Example

How many gm of HCl is needed for complete reaction with 21.75 gm MnO2 ?
(Molar mass of Mn = 55 and Cl = 35.5)
4HCl(aq.) + MnO2 (s) → MnCl2 (aq.) + H2O () + Cl2 (g)

Solution

Ans. 36.5 gm
 Example

Calculate volume of CO2(g) produced at 1 atm, 273 K by decomposition of

150 g of CaCO3(s).

Solution

Ans. 33.6 L
 Example

Calculate volume of CO2(g) produced at 2 atm, 27° C by decomposition of

150 g of CaCO3(s).

Solution

Ans. 18.47 L
 Example

Calculate volume of H2 required to react completely with 3L of N2(g) under

similar conditions of P, T to form NH3(g).

Solution

Ans. 9 L
 Example

When 56 g of N2 reacts with 12 g H2 then find

1. Mass of NH3
2. Volume of NH3 of S.T.P.
3. Total atoms in final product.

Solution

Ans. 1. 68 g
2. 90.8 L
3. 16 NA
 Example

When 120 g of carbon is completely burnt in presence of oxygen at 0°C & 1

atm then find
1. Amount of O2 required in kg.
2. Volume of O2 required.

Solution

Ans. 1. 0.32 Kg
2. 224 L
 Example

During the complete decomposition of KClO3 12.8 g O is formed find initial

mass of KClO3 ?

Solution

Ans. 32.66 g
 Percentage Composition

wt. of that element

% of element in molecule = X 100
Molar mass of compound

Example
mass % of H, O in H2O is :

2
% of H in H2O = 18 × 100 = 11.11%

16
% of O in H2O = 18 × 100 = 88.89%
 Example

Find percentage loss in weight on heating of 1 mole of CaCO3.

Solution

Ans. 44 %
 Example

A metal M forms a metal carbonate M2CO3, if the carbonate contains 48%

oxygen by mass. Then determine the atomic weight of metal.

Solution

Ans. 20
 Example

In an hydrated chloride of Mg. the % of water is 53.2%. Calculate its formula.

Solution

Ans. MgCl2.6H2O
 Example

Hemoglobin contains 0.25% of Fe. If molar mass of Hemoglobin is 89600 then

calculate number of Fe atoms in 1 molecule of Hemoglobin.

Solution

Ans. 4
 Example

If Na2SO4.xH2O on heating losses 55.4% of it mass then calculate value of x.

Solution

Ans. 10
(1) Basic mole calculation, ideal gas

EXAMPLE
Match List–I with List–II.
List – I List –II
A. 16g of CH4(g) I. Weighs 28 g
B. 1g of H2(g) II. 60.2 × 1023 electrons
C. 1 mole of N2(g) III. Weighs 32g
D. 0.5 mol of SO2(g) IV. Occupies 11.4 L volume at STP
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(1) A–I, B–III, C–II, D–IV (2) A–II, B–III, C–IV, D–I
(3) A–II, B–IV, C–III, D–I (4) A–II, B–IV, C–I, D–III

Solution
Solution List – I List –II
A. 16g of CH4(g) I. Weighs 28 g
B. 1g of H2(g) II. 60.2 × 1023 electrons
C. 1 mole of N2(g) III. Weighs 32g
D. 0.5 mol of SO2(g) IV. Occupies 11.4 L volume at STP

[JEE MAIN–2023]

Ans. (4)
 EXAMPLE
The number of molecules and moles in 2.8375 litres of O2 at STP are respectively
(1) 7.527 × 1022 and 0.250 mol (2) 1.505 × 1023 and 0.250 mol
(3) 7.527 × 1023 and 0.125 mol (4) 7.527 × 1022 and 0.125 mol

[JEE MAIN–2023]
Solution

Ans. (4)
 (2) Empirical formula molecular formula

EXAMPLE
Number of hydrogen atoms per molecule of a hydrocarbon A having 85.8%
carbon is _________ [JEE MAIN–2023]
(Given : Molar mass of A = 84 g mol–1)

Solution

Ans. (12.00)
Quantum Number
 Example

Determine the orbitals from the following value of n, l, m:

1. n = 4,  = 0 & m = 0
2. n = 3, = 1 & m = 0

Solution

Ans.
 Example

Find out the value of n, l, m, for the following orbitals

1. 4dz2
2. 5s
3. 3pz

Solution

Ans.
 Example

Pick out the correct sequence of quantum number in the followings :-

1 1
(A) n = 3,  = 2, m = 3, s = – (B) n = 2,  = 2, m = 1, s = + 2
2
1
(C) n = 3,  = 1, m = –1, s = – 2 (D) n = 2,  = 1, m = 0, s = +1

Solution

Ans. C
 Example

Calculate the total number of electron in d Subshell.

(A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 10 (D) None of these

Solution

Ans. C
 Example

Total no. of atomic orbitals in 4th energy level will be

(A) 8 (B) 16 (C) 32 (D) 4

Solution

Ans. B
 Example

Calculate no. of electrons which have following quantum number

1
n = 3,  = 2, m = +1, s = –2.

Solution

Ans. 1
 Example

Calculate the orbital angular momentum for a d-electron.

Solution

Ans. 6h
2π
 Example

Calculate the number of electrons present in the M shell that has

magnetic quantum number = –1 .

Solution

Ans. 4
 Example

In n = 3,  = 2 orbitals, determine the number of electrons having the

value of spin quantum number = –1 /2.

Solution

Ans. 5e–
 Example

Calculate the number of radial, angular & total nodes present in 4s, 5p &
3d orbitals.

Solution

Ans.
Orbital Radial node Angular Total node
(n--1) node() (n-1)
4s 4-0-1=3 0 3
5p 5-1-1=3 1 4
3d 3-2-1=0 2 2
 Example

An atom has 2K, 8L, 11M, 2N electrons, then write it’s electron configuration
& calculate :-
1. Number of subshell
2. Number of orbitals having paired electrons
3. Number of unpaired electrons
4. Number of electron having = 1

Solution
 Ans.
(1) No. of subshell =1 +2 +3 +1 =7
(2) No. of orbitals having paired e— = 10
(3) No. of unpaired e— = 3
(4) No. of e— having l equal to 1 = 6+6 =12
 Example

For Cr atom, calculate the following :-

1. Number of electron with (m = 0)
1
2. Number of electron with (l = 1, s = )
2
3. Number of electron with (n = 3, m = –2)
4. Set of four quantum numbers for the last electron filled

Solution
Ans. (1) 12e–
(2) 6e–
(3) 1e–
(4) n = 3, l = 2
m = – 2 to +2 (any integer value)
1 1
s=– or +
2 2
 Example

Calculate the number of unpaired electron, magnetic moment & total spin
for Cr+3.
(A) 5p (B) 3d (C) 4f (D) 6d

Solution

Ans.
𝟑 𝟑
3, 3.87 BM and +𝟐 or – 𝟐
 Example

Which of the following configuration follows the Hund's rule :-

2s 2p 2s 2p
(1) He (2) He

2s 2p 2s 2p
(3) He (4) He

Solution

Ans. (A)
 Example

Orbital having 3 angular nodes and 3 total nodes is :-

(A) 5p (B) 3d (C) 4f (D) 6d

Solution

Ans. C
Example

In an atom, the total number of electrons having quantum numbers n = 4,

1
|m| = 1 and ms = -2 [JEE ADVANCED 2014]

Solution

Ans. (6)