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19 views2 pages

Sem Document

Uploaded by

amitabhdas935
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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V-3/248/2021

B.E. CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING 2ND YEAR 3RD SEMESTER,2022


HYDRAULICS
Time: Three Hours* Full Marks:70

Attempt all questions


Assume any data, if not furnished, consistent with the problem

1. A velocity field is given by -


V = 4txi − 2t2 yj + 4xzk
Is the flow field steady or unsteady? Is it 2D or 3D? At the point (x, y, z) = (–1, +1, 0), compute
(a) the acceleration vector and (b) any unit vector normal to the acceleration.
2. Determine the appropriate value of the unknown velocities w or v which satisfy the equation of
three-dimensional incompressible continuity for:
(a) u = x2 yz, v = −y2 x; (b) u = x2 + 3z2 x, w = −z3 + y2
Discard any constants of integration.

3. The velocity field is given by: u = V cosθ, v = V sinθ, and w = 0, where V and θ are constants.
Find the equation of streamline.

4. Oil flows upward through a slanted pipe of 30°. The mercury manometer reads h = 12 cm.
What is the pressure difference between points in the pipe where the manometer is attached?

5. Find an analytic expression for the force F, perpendicular to the gate AB, such that the gate is
in equilibrium. Length of the gate is L, width b is into the paper, and it is hinged at B (the gate
has negligible weight). The liquid level h remains at the top of the gate for any angle θ.

6. The width of a dam ABC is 30 m (into the paper) and is made of concrete (SG ≈ 2.40). What
hydrostatic force acts on surface AB and also find the moment about C. Could this force tip the
dam over?

7. The horizontal pump with an inlet dia. of 9 cm and outlet dia. of 3 cm discharges water at 57
m3/h. Neglecting losses, what power (in kW) is delivered to the water by the pump?

1 G.Banerjee
8. A water jet is pumped in such a way that it
travels a maximum horizontal distance.
Friction head losses are 6.5 m. If the jet is
approximated by the trajectory of frictionless
particles, what power must be delivered by the
pump?

9. Water jet exiting from a nozzle, as shown,


strikes a stagnation tube. If the mean pressure
at section (1) is 110 kPa and neglecting losses,
estimate (a) the mass flow in kg/s; and (b) the
height H of the fluid in the tube.

10. Oil at 20°C of ρ = 891 kg/m3 and µ = 0.29


kg/(m⋅s), flows through a pipe at an average
velocity of 4.3 m/s. (a) Verify whether the flow is
laminar. (b) Determine the volume flow rate in
m3/h. (c) Calculate the manometric reading h, in
cm.

11. A capillary tube of 5 mm dia. is used as a viscometer. The measured pressure drop per unit
length is 375 kPa/m, when the flow rate is 0.071 m3/h. Calculate the viscosity of the fluid.
Comment whether the flow is laminar? Given: ρoil = 900 kg/m3.

12. A soda straw delivers cold cola, approximated as water at 10°C (µ = 1.307E−3 kg/m⋅s), at a
rate of 3 cm3/s. It is 20 cm long and 2 mm in diameter. (a) What is the head loss through the
straw? What is the axial pressure gradient ∂p/∂x if the flow is (b) vertically up (c) horizontal?

13. What is the oil flow rate in m3/h, if SAE 10 oil at 20°C (ρ = 870 kg/m3 and µ = 0.104 kg/m⋅s)
flows in a vertical pipe of diameter 2.5 cm.? Consider that the pressure is constant throughout
the fluid. Is the flow up or down?

14. Oil flows through a horizontal pipe of 15 m length with ρ = 890 kg/m3 and µ = 0.07 kg/m⋅s. If
1 hp power is delivered to the flow Find: (a) What is the appropriate pipe diameter if the flow is
at the laminar transition point? For this condition, also estimate (b) discharge in m3/h; and (c)
wall shear stress in kPa?

*
Note: 1 additional hour is provided for uploading answer scripts (As per Faculty Council)

2 G.Banerjee

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