“ NOISE POLLUTION “

INTRODUCTION :
The word "noise" is derived from the Latin word
"nausea," meaning seasickness.Noise that is
experienced by people who did not produce it is called
second hand-noise. Like second-hand smoke, second-
hand noise can have negative impacts on people
without their consent.
Noise is unwanted sound and is among the most
pervasive pollutants today. Noise from road traffic, jet
planes, jet skis, garbage trucks, construction equipment,
manufacturing processes, lawn mowers, leaf blowers,
and boom boxes, to name a few, are among the
unwanted sounds that are routinely broadcast into the
air.
The problem with noise is not only that it is unwanted,
but also that it negatively affects human health and well-
being. Problems related to noise include hearing loss,
stress, high blood pressure, sleep loss, distraction and
lost productivity, and a general reduction in the quality
of life and opportunities for tranquillity.
Noise pollution, also known as environmental noise or
sound pollution, is the propagation of noise with ranging
impacts on the activity of human or animal life, most of
them harmful to a degree. The source of outdoor noise
worldwide is mainly caused by machines, transport, and
propagation systems. Poor urban planning may give rise
to noise disintegration or pollution, side-by-side
industrial and residential buildings can result in noise
pollution in the residential areas.
IMPORTANCE :

Noise pollution can cause health problems for people and

wildlife, both on land and in the sea. From traffic noise to rock
concerts, loud or inescapable sounds can cause hearing loss,
stress, and high blood pressure. Noise from ships and human
activities in the ocean is harmful to whales and dolphins that
depend on echolocation to survive.
Noise pollution is an invisible danger. It cannot be seen, but it
is present nonetheless, both on land and under the sea. Noise
pollution is considered to be any unwanted or disturbing sound
that affects the health and well-being of humans and other
organisms.
Sound is measured in decibels. There are many sounds in the
environment, from rustling leaves (20 to 30 decibels) to a
thunderclap (120 decibels) to the wail of a siren (120 to 140
decibels). Sounds that reach 85 decibels or higher can harm a
person’s ears. Sound sources that exceed this threshold include
familiar things, such as power lawn mowers (90 decibels),
subway trains (90 to 115 decibels), and loud rock concerts (110
to 120 decibels).
Noise pollution impacts millions of people on a daily basis. The
most common health problem it causes is Noise Induced
Hearing Loss (NIHL). Exposure to loud noise can also cause high
blood pressure, heart disease, sleep disturbances, and stress.
These health problems can affect all age groups, especially
children. Many children who live near noisy airports or streets
have been found to suffer from stress and other problems, such
as impairments in memory, attention level, and reading skill.
Noise pollution also impacts the health and well-being of
wildlife. Studies have shown that loud noises cause caterpillars’
hearts to beat faster and bluebirds to have fewer chicks. Animals
use sound for a variety of reasons, including to navigate, find
food, attract mates, and avoid predators. Noise pollution makes
it difficult for them to accomplish these tasks, which affects their
ability survive.
Increasing noise is not only affecting animals on land, it is also a
growing problem for those that live in the ocean. Ships, oil
drills, sonar devices, and seismic tests have made the once
tranquil marine environment loud and chaotic. Whales and
dolphins are particularly impacted by noise pollution. These
marine mammals rely on echolocation to communicate,
navigate, feed, and find mates, and excess noise interferes with
their ability to effectively echolocate.
OBJECTIVE :
Steps to Control Noise pollution
(1) Control at receiver’s end: For people working in noisy
installations, ear-protection aids like ear-plugs, ear-muffs,
noise helmets, headphones etc. must be provided to reduce
occupational exposure.
(2) Acoustic Zoning: There should be silence zones near the
residential areas, educational institutions and
above all, near hospitals. Zoning of noisy industrial areas,
bus terminals and railway stations, aerodromes
etc. away from the residential areas i.e. increasing the
distance between source and receiver.

3) Planting of Trees: Green muffler scheme involves planting

green trees and shrubs along roads, hospitals, educational
institutions etc. to reduce noise to a considerable extent.
Trees like Ashoka, Neem, Tamarind are good for this
purpose.

4) Legislative Measures: Strict legislative measures need to

be enforced to curb the menace of noise
pollution. Noise standards (Table) should be strictly
followed. Minimum use of loudspeakers and amplifiers
especially near silence zones. Banning pressure horns in
automobiles. Albeit, noise has been considered as
METHODOLOGY :

CAUSE OF NOISE POLLUTION ;

1.Noise is known to have auditory and non-

auditory health impacts

2.Environmental noise causes both psychological

and physiological non-auditory health effects and
the evidence for the non-auditory effects is
growing Specifically, road traffic is considered to
be the main source of community noise pollution.

3.The most important non-auditory effects of

traffic noise are annoyance and sleep disturbance.
Annoyance is a feeling of displeasure that can
result in adverse emotions including irritability,
stress, fear, and even depression
The study was conducted in the city of Talca
(Maule region, Chile). Talca has a population of
about 200,000 inhabitants (the population
increases during the academic year due to the
influx of university students) and is the tenth
largest city in the country. The highest percentage
of the active population (approximately 55%)
works in the service sector, followed by the
industrial sector (approximately 36%). This city
does not have a historic centre and a high
percentage of buildings have only one floor. The
mean annual temperature and rainfall are 13 °C
and 750 mm, respectively.
Today, noise pollution is an increasing
environmental stressor. Noise maps are
recognised as the main tool for assessing and
managing environmental noise, but their accuracy
largely depends on the sampling method used. The
sampling methods most commonly used by
different researchers (grid, legislative road types
and categorisation methods) were analysed and
compared using the city of Talca (Chile) as a test
case. The results show that the stratification of
sound values in road categories has a significantly
lower prediction error and a higher capacity for
discrimination and prediction than in the
legislative road types used by the Ministry of
Transport and Telecommunications in Chile. Also,
the use of one or another method implies
significant differences in the assessment of
population exposure to noise pollution. Thus, the
selection of a suitable method for performing noise
maps through measurements is essential to
achieve an accurate assessment of the impact of
noise pollution on the population.
ANALYSIS ;

USA:
In us of America twenty eight million Americans suffer
from some form of deafness. because of advancement in
technology the 2 largest sources of sound pollution,
aerodrome and vehicular traffic, area unit growing at a
rate of 3 to 5 % annually and there has been a 14 July
increase in deafness since 1971. sound pollution
continues to grow in big apple town. the town is
attempting stronger measures to lower noise levels. The
U.S. Veterans‟ Administration has spent $4 billion
dealing due to deafness from 1977-1998.
Germany:
In Federal Republic of Germany and alternative
developed countries as several as four to five million
that's 12-15% of all used individuals, area unit exposed to
noise levels of eighty five dB or additional. In Germany,
associate non heritable noise-related disablement that
leads to two hundredth or additional reduction in earning
ability is compensatable. In 1993, nearly 12,500 new
such cases of sound pollution were registered.
Australia:
In Australia, most deafness in youngsters is because of
eruption or music, the individuals
below thirty area unit getting down to show signs of
deafness at one time found in those over fifty.
contamination, which has turned into a piece of our
everyday lives. Street activity Noise he irritation, which
is substantiated by the aftereffect of ceaseless observing
of commotion proportionate levels Public interest,
training, movement administration, auxiliary outlining
assume a noteworthy part in Noise administration. In a
composed society.
UK:
The main statutory provisions that relate to sound
pollution in uk area unit as follows The
latter 3 legislations deal, severally, with the matter of
noise within the geographic point, duty
of public authorities to insulate buildings against noise
created by construction love roads,
CONCLUSION ;

Noise pollution is a silent attacker which is

directly and indirectly responsible for health
hazards, sickness and other ailments „and loss of
income due to reduced work. It has also added to
the suffering firings of human beings.
Environmental degradation arising from noise
pollution and other factors has become a major
cause of worry for future generations. One should
not experiment with a system in a way that
imposes unknown and potentially large risks on
future generations.In order to do so, measures
should be considered as Reduction of speed limits,
mainly near residential areas, schools and
hospitals.Incentives may be given to the vehicle
manufactures to develop new systems in
order to reduce sound power emissions. Through
the results obtained in the study it„s very
evident that the city is suffering from severe noise
pollution due to the vehicular traffic,
industries contribute less concerned with increase
in noise pollution. The Noise as of late has
risen as one of the essential poisons of condition.
Indeed, it needs the enactment to control
and there are some focal and state establishments
which straightforwardly or in a roundabout
way identify with the issue of Noise be that as it
may, there is no particular enactment in
India.This is mainly attributed towards congested
traffic area, unplanned road network,
reduced one way traffic, construction of silence
zone in the main area of the city, unplanned
urban sprawl etc. In most the areas the noise level
is exorbitant with more than 85 db average
is prevailing across the city during the peak hour
traffic, many schools, hospitals are situated
in the heart of the city are also affected severely
by the noise pollution.Removal of encroachments
and banning the use of air horns within the city
limits.