Logic Building Questions

Arrays

1. Write a program to find the second largest number in an array.

Solution: Sort the array and return the second last element.

2. Reverse an array without using an additional array.

Solution: Use a loop to swap elements from start and end until the middle.

3. Rotate an array to the left by a given number of positions.

Solution: Use a temporary array or adjust indices manually for rotation.

4. Count the occurrences of each element in an array.

Solution: Use a dictionary to count occurrences of each element.

5. Check if two arrays are permutations of each other.

Solution: Sort both arrays and compare each element for equality.

6. Merge two sorted arrays into one sorted array.

Solution: Merge the arrays while maintaining sorted order using two pointers.

7. Find the subarray with the maximum sum (Kadane?s Algorithm).

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Solution: Use Kadane's Algorithm to find the subarray with the maximum sum.

Strings

1. Check if a string is a palindrome.

Solution: Reverse the string and compare it with the original.

2. Reverse each word in a string without changing the word order.

Solution: Split the string by spaces, reverse each word, and join back.

3. Count vowels and consonants in a string.

Solution: Iterate through characters and count vowels/consonants using conditions.

4. Find the first non-repeating character in a string.

Solution: Use a dictionary to count character frequencies, then find the first unique character.

5. Remove all duplicate characters from a string.

Solution: Use a set to keep track of seen characters and build a new string.

6. Check if two strings are anagrams of each other.

Solution: Sort both strings and compare them for equality.

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7. Implement a function to compress a string (e.g., 'aaabb' -> 'a3b2').

Solution: Iterate through the string, count consecutive characters, and build the compressed string.

Functions

1. Write a function to calculate the factorial of a number.

Solution: Use a loop or recursion to multiply numbers from 1 to n.

2. Create a function to check if a number is prime.

Solution: Iterate from 2 to sqrt(n) and check divisibility; return True/False.

3. Implement a function to generate Fibonacci numbers up to `n`.

Solution: Use a loop or recursion to generate Fibonacci sequence until n.

4. Write a function to calculate the power of a number using recursion.

Solution: Write a recursive function to multiply the base number for the exponent times.

5. Implement a function to find the GCD (Greatest Common Divisor) of two numbers.

Solution: Use the Euclidean algorithm to calculate the GCD recursively.

6. Write a function to convert a decimal number to binary.

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Solution: Divide the number by 2 repeatedly and store remainders to convert to binary.

7. Implement a function to find all permutations of a given string.

Solution: Use recursion or backtracking to generate all permutations of the string.

Object-Oriented Programming (OOPs)

1. Create a class `BankAccount` with methods to deposit, withdraw, and check balance.

Solution: Define a `BankAccount` class with methods `Deposit`, `Withdraw`, and `GetBalance`.

2. Implement a `Rectangle` class with methods to calculate area and perimeter.

Solution: Define a `Rectangle` class with attributes for length and breadth, and methods for area

and perimeter.

3. Design a `Person` class with properties for name, age, and a method to display the details.

Solution: Create a `Person` class with attributes for name and age, and a method to display details.

4. Create a `Shape` base class and derive classes for `Circle`, `Square`, and `Rectangle`.

Solution: Create a base class `Shape` and derive specific shapes like `Circle` with additional

attributes and methods.

5. Demonstrate method overloading and overriding using a `Calculator` class.

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Solution: Define methods with the same name but different signatures (overloading) and override

base methods in derived classes.

6. Design an abstract class `Vehicle` with a method `StartEngine` and derive classes for `Car` and

`Bike`.

Solution: Create an abstract class `Vehicle` with an abstract method `StartEngine`, and derive

classes `Car` and `Bike` with implementations.

7. Implement a `Student` class with properties, constructors, and methods for managing student

data.

Solution: Define a `Student` class with constructors for initialization and methods to manage student

data.

C#

1. Write a program to demonstrate `foreach` with a collection.

Solution: Use a `foreach` loop to iterate through the elements of a collection like an array or list.

2. Implement a generic method to swap two variables.

Solution: Define a generic method with `ref` parameters to swap values.

3. Use LINQ to find the largest and smallest numbers in a list.

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Solution: Use LINQ queries like `.Max()` and `.Min()` to find values.

4. Write a program to handle exceptions for division by zero.

Solution: Wrap the division code in a `try-catch` block to handle exceptions.

5. Create an interface `IShape` with methods for area and perimeter, and implement it in `Circle`

and `Rectangle`.

Solution: Create an interface `IShape` and implement methods `GetArea` and `GetPerimeter` in

derived classes.

6. Write a program to demonstrate the use of `async` and `await`.

Solution: Define an asynchronous method using `async` and await a task for operations.

7. Create a collection of employees and sort them by their salaries.

Solution: Use `List<Employee>` and `OrderBy` to sort employees based on their salary.

WinForms

1. Create a login form with validation for username and password.

Solution: Design a form with text boxes for username and password, and a button to validate them.

2. Design a form to add, edit, and delete items in a list.

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Solution: Use a `ListBox` or `DataGridView` to display items, and add buttons for Add, Edit, and

Delete.

3. Create a form with a `DataGridView` to display and edit product details.

Solution: Use a `DataGridView` control and bind it to a `DataTable` for product details.

4. Develop a form to calculate the sum of two numbers using text boxes and a button.

Solution: Add two text boxes for numbers, a button to calculate, and display the result in a label.

5. Implement a form with a timer to display the current time.

Solution: Use a `Timer` control to update a label with the current time at regular intervals.

6. Create a notepad application with options to save, open, and edit text files.

Solution: Use `RichTextBox` for editing text, and provide Save/Open buttons with file dialogs.

7. Design a simple calculator application with basic arithmetic operations.

Solution: Use buttons for operations and text boxes to display input and results.