Scribd
Upload
14 views

basic-commands

Uploaded by

mayurgangji
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
14 views

basic-commands

Uploaded by

mayurgangji
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

INSERT:

In MySQL, the INSERT statement is used to insert new rows into a table. Here are
the various possibilities and options you can use with the INSERT statement:

Inserting a Single Row:


INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, ...)
VALUES (value1, value2, ...);

Inserting Multiple Rows:


INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, ...)
VALUES (value1, value2, ...),
(value1, value2, ...),
...;

Inserting Rows from Another Table:


INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, ...)
SELECT *
FROM hstaff

Inserting Default Values:


INSERT INTO table_name DEFAULT VALUES;

Inserting with AUTO_INCREMENT Columns:


If a column is set to AUTO_INCREMENT, you can omit the value for that column in the
INSERT statement, and My will automatically generate a unique value for it.

Inserting with Explicit NULL Values:


You can explicitly insert NULL into a column:
INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, ...)
VALUES (value1, NULL, ...);

Inserting with SET Syntax:


You can use the SET syntax to specify column-value pairs:
INSERT INTO table_name
SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2, ...;

Inserting with IGNORE Keyword:


If you use INSERT IGNORE, My will ignore rows that would cause duplicate-key
violations.
INSERT IGNORE INTO table_name (column1, column2, ...)
VALUES (value1, value2, ...);

Inserting with ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE:


If you use INSERT ... ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE, My will update the existing row if a
duplicate-key violation occurs.
INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, ...)
VALUES (value1, value2, ...)
ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE column1 = value1, column2 = value2, ...;

Inserting with SELECT Statement:


You can insert data into a table from the result of a SELECT statement.
INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, ...)
SELECT column1, column2, ...
FROM other_table
WHERE condition;

ALTER:
Alter Table:

Add Column:
ALTER TABLE table_name ADD column_name datatype;

Drop Column:
ALTER TABLE table_name DROP column_name;

Modify Column:
ALTER TABLE table_name MODIFY column_name new-col-name new_datatype;

Rename Table:
ALTER TABLE old_table_name RENAME TO new_table_name;

UPDATE:
The UPDATE statement in MySQL is used to modify existing records in a table. It
allows you to change the values of one or more columns in one or more rows that
meet a specified condition. Here's a detailed explanation with examples:

set SQL_SAFE_UPDATES=false;

Basic Syntax:
UPDATE table_name
SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2, ...
WHERE condition;
table_name: The name of the table to update.
column1 = value1, column2 = value2, ...: The columns to be updated along with their
new values.
WHERE condition: Optional. Specifies which rows to update. If omitted, all rows in
the table are updated.
Examples:

Update a Single Column:


UPDATE users
SET status = 'active'
WHERE id = 1;
This example updates the status column to 'active' for the user with id equal to 1.

Update Multiple Columns:


UPDATE users
SET status = 'active', last_login = NOW()
WHERE id = 1;
This updates both the status and last_login columns for the user with id equal to
1.

Update All Rows:


UPDATE users
SET status = 'inactive';
This updates the status column to 'inactive' for all rows in the users table

DELETE:

In MySQL, the DELETE statement is used to remove rows from a table based on
specified conditions. It allows you to delete one or more rows that match the
condition specified in the WHERE clause. Here's a detailed explanation with
examples:

Basic Syntax:
DELETE FROM table_name
WHERE condition;
table_name: The name of the table from which to delete rows.
WHERE condition: Optional. Specifies the condition that must be met for rows to be
deleted. If omitted, all rows in the table are deleted.
Examples:

Delete All Rows from a Table:


DELETE FROM users;
This example deletes all rows from the users table.

Delete Specific Rows Based on a Condition:


DELETE FROM users
WHERE id = 1;
This example deletes the row from the users table where the id is equal to 1.

Delete Using Multiple Conditions:


DELETE FROM users
WHERE id = 1 AND status = 'inactive';
This example deletes rows from the users table where the id is equal to 1 and the
status is 'inactive'.

SELECT:
Select All Columns from a Table:
SELECT *
FROM users;
This example selects all columns from the users table.

Select Specific Columns:


SELECT id, name, email
FROM users;
This example selects only the id, name, and email columns from the users table.

Select with Aliases:


SELECT id, CONCAT(first_name, ' ', last_name) AS full_name
FROM employees;
This example selects the id column and concatenates the first_name and last_name
columns, aliasing the result as full_name.

Select with WHERE Clause:


SELECT *
FROM users
WHERE status = 'active';
This example selects all columns from the users table where the status is 'active'.

WHERE:
To demonstrate the use of various possibilities in the WHERE clause, let's consider
a hypothetical employees table with columns id, name, department, salary, and
hire_date.

Simple Comparison:
SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE department = 'Sales';
This selects all columns from the employees table where the department is 'Sales'.

Using Logical Operators:


SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE department = 'Sales' AND salary > 50000;
This selects all columns from the employees table where the department is 'Sales'
and the salary is greater than 50000.

Using LIKE Operator for Pattern Matching:


SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE name LIKE 'J%';
This selects all columns from the employees table where the name starts with 'J'.

Using IN Operator:
SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE department IN ('Sales', 'Marketing');
This selects all columns from the employees table where the department is either
'Sales' or 'Marketing'.

Using BETWEEN Operator:


SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE salary BETWEEN 50000 AND 100000;
This selects all columns from the employees table where the salary is between 50000
and 100000.

Using IS NULL/IS NOT NULL:


SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE hire_date IS NULL;
This selects all columns from the employees table where the hire_date is NULL.

Combining Conditions:
SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE department = 'Sales' AND (salary > 50000 OR hire_date > '2023-01-01');
This selects all columns from the employees table where the department is 'Sales'
and the salary is greater than 50000 or the hire_date is after '2023-01-01'.

You might also like