CC ORB KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN fears 4 atherat arrenfta qeatea: after aeqait er Ta Competency Based Assessment in Science: Design of test items (31.07.2024-02.08.2024) CLASS VIII SCIENCEItis with profound delight and utmost pride that we present the Competency Based Assessment question bank for CLASS VIII which was prepared by TGT(Science) of the feeder regions during the 03-day workshop on “Competency Based Assessment in Science: Design of test items” It’s my firm belief that access to quality education should know no boundaries, transcending social and economic constraints. Our collective vision is to empower all students and teachers with the tools for success and intellectual growth. With their steadfast dedication, the TGT(Science) from the feeder Regions namely Bangalore, Chennai, Ernakulam and Hyderabad have invested their knowledge and expertise in preparation of the CBA test items. It is with pleasure that I place on record my commendation for the commitment and dedication of the team of TGT(Science) from the four Regions, Shri. Manoj Kumar Paliwal, Principal KV No.1 Madurai, Chennai Region & Associate Course Director, the Resource persons Ms Seema Saraswat, TGT(Science) KV Vijaypura and Ms Neeta Wage TGT(Science) KV Hebbal and Mr. Dinesh Kumar, Training Associate (Physics) from ZIET Mysore who has been the Coordinator of this assignment. Wishing you all the very best in your academic journey! MENAXI JAIN DIRECTOR ZIET MYSURU [© scane wt on carsMS MENAXI JAIN. DIRECTOR ZONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING, MYSURU ASSOCIATE COURSE DIRECTOR Mr. MANOJ KUMAR PALIWAL PRINCIPAL KVNO-1 MADURAI COURSE COORDINATOR MR. DINESH KUMAR TRAINING ASSOCIATE PHYSICS ZIET MYSURU- RESOURCE PERSONS MRS. SEEMA SARASWATH RP & TGT SCIENCE KV VISYAPURA BENGALURU BENGALURU REGION MRS. NEETA WAGE RP & TGT SCIENCE KV HEBBAL BENGALURU REGIONMRS. SEEMA SARA RP & TGT SCIENCE KV VIJYAPURA BENGALURU BENGALURU REGION CLASS - VIII TABLE OF CONTENTS NAME OF THE CHAPTER CROP PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT PAGE NO. MICROORGANISMS: FRIEND AND FOE COAL AND PETROLEUM COMBUSTION AND FLAME CONSERVATION OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS. REPRODUCTION IN ANIMALS REACHING THE AGE OF ADOLESCENCE FORCE AND PRESSURE FRICTION SOUND CHEMICAL EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC. CURRENT SOME NATURAL PHENOMENA LIGHT © Seanad win one cameQNO SECTION A #\e + © ++ 6 «© © © + PARKS” 1 Weeding involves removal of unwanted and uncultivatet plas cAlled® © [1° ~ a) crop ») granaries = ©) seeds ) weeds i} If you are given a dry piece of land for cultivation, what will you do 1 a) Adequate watering to restore the moisture b)Tilled and ploughing for aeration ) manure is mixed to the soil d) all the above 3 Bhoojho wants to water his fruits plants, gardens and trees,he wants to | 1 adopt an irrigation system in which water is not wasted. Select the appropriate irrigation techniques a) Sprinkler system b) Drip system ©) Pulley system ) Lever System 4 Improper use of fertilizers can cause: T a) soil alkalinity and sol acidity) soil acidity only and soil erosion ©) soil acidity onl 4d) soil erosion onl; 3 Good , healthy seeds when put in water then they = T a) sink b) germinate ) float 4) none of these 6 Which of the following statements is not true for organic manure? T (a) Itenhances the water holding capacity of the soil (b) It has a balance of all plant nutrients. (©) It provides humus to the soil. (@) It improves the texture of the soil Tm the following questions , the Assertion and Reason have been put | I forward Read the statements carefully and choose alternative from the following (a) Both the Assertion and the Reason are correct and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion . (1b) The Assertion and the Reason are correct but the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion . (©) Assertion is true but the Reason is false (d) The statement of the Assertion is false but the Reason is true. Assertion : Food is also obtained from animals for which animals are 7 reared . This is called animal husbandry : Reason : Animals reared at home or in farms , have to be provided with en proper food ,shelter and care. oe 8 ‘Assertion : The grains are properly dried in the sun 1 Reason : This prevents the attack by insect pests,bacteria and fungi SECTION B 9 ‘A farmer wants to grow the crop of wheat .arrange the following boxes a oa 2) se, which he will Us duction, ee ea S recedes © seamed win one camerWhy are few plants such as paddy and flowering plants grown in the nursery and when they grow into plantlets, they are transplanted in the field manually ? taditional ones. Discuss. TI _ [itis strongly advised to wash fruits and vegetables before using them. [2 Why? 12 | Identify the following instruments used in agriculture and waite their 2 name and advantages. 13 __ | If Mustard is sown in the Kharif season, what would happen? Discus 2 SECTION C 14 | Continuous and excessive use of chemical fertilizers in the Tong run can | 3 affect the fertility of the soil. Justify. 15 | Whatis harvesting? What are the different methods used for harvesting? [3 16 _ | Ina school, a field trip is arranged to see the crop field. Jaya noticed that [3 along with wheat crops few unwanted plants are grown. What are these plants called? How these plants affect the growth of the crop. Name two methods to control them. SECTIOND 17 | Storage of produce is important. Why? What precaution farmers should [5 keep in mind before storing the freshly harvested produce. Briefly describe the methods involved in storing the produce. 18 | Nowadays farmers are using modern agricultural implements over 3 SECTIONE. weleeee o4) glass A contains little amount of soil mixed with a little ‘cow dung manure. ii) glass B contains the same amount of soil mixed with a urea, iii) glass C contains the same amount of ‘soil without adding anything. a) Which glass shows the slowest growth and Why ? b) Organic manure is considered better than fertilizers Why ? c) Name some chemical fertilizers ne The supply of water to crops at different intervals is called irrigation . The time and frequency of ittigation varies from crop to crop ,soil to soil and season to season .To maintain the moisture of the soil for healthy crop growth, fields have to be watered regularly a) In summer, the frequency of watering is higher .Why ? ) Device a strategy that will help a farmer to have a better yield in sandy soil . c)How much water does a plant body contain ? © scanned th OREN ScannerANS' KEY (CHAPTER 1- CROPPRODUCBION AND MANAGEMENT) SECTIONA #* + + ‘MARKS @) weeds i d) all the above. 1 b) Drip system 1 b) soil acidity only and soil erosion 1 ¢) float 1 b) It has a balance of all plants nutrients 1 1 ¢) Assertion is true but the Reason is false a) 1 SECTION B i) Preparation of soil ii) Ploughing the field iti) sowing iv 2 )irrigation v) Harvesting vi) Storing in granaries Trallows to plant the seedlings at the right spacing and select only 2 healthy seedlings for the plants Fruits and vegetables may contain many pesticides that can enter the [2 body ,causing serious health problems. Plough 2 Any advantage “Mustard is a Rabi crop, so it is generally sown in the Winter season So | 2 it doesn’t require much water, lack of optimum temperature and various other physical conditions. SECTION C ‘Continuous and excessive use of chemical fertilizers can change pH of [3 soil, kill soil microorganism and reduce the organic matter and humus in the soil. The cutting of the crop after it is mature. The different methods used for harvesting are Using a sickle and harvester These unwanted plants are called weed. Weeds compete with the main crop plant for air, water, sunlight and nutrients. Weeds are removed with the help of khurpi and by using weedicide. SECTION D me High moisture and high temperature favour development of insects and [2 moulds that affect grain quality. Grains must be sun dried | 1 thoroughly.Two methods involved in storing the produce. 2 ‘Any 5 advantages of using modern agriculture implements over 3 traditional ones. SECTIONE eee 7 © seamed win one camerass C Reason wo advantage of manure over chemical a) Increased rate of evaporation of water from the soil and leaves b)i) Growing crops suitable for sandy soil i) Using sprinkler irrigation system ©) 90% © scan witonen scannerz CHAPTER 2- Microorganism: Eriends au SECTION A = 20 -|MARKS 1 - ‘Some medicines obtained from microorganisms are applied to Kill or stop the growth of disease causing microorganisms, Such medicines are called a) antibodies b) antibiotics: c) antisepties d) all the above In Ram village malaria is spreading ‘would use to prevent disease : a) Consume properly cooked food b) Drink boiled drinking water c) Use mosquito net and repellents d) Keep the personal belongings of the patient away from those of the others Paheli wants to know incorrect sentences a) Viruses are microscopic b) Reproduce only inside the cells of the host organism ©) Virus do not respire, feed excrete or move d) none of the above lect the preventive measure Ram | ibout viruses ? 1 Rhizobium found in root nodules of leguminous roots is an T a) Atmospheric Carbon fixer b) Atmospheric Oxygen fixer ©) Atmospheric Nitrogen fixer 4d) All of the above Milk turned into curd by? 1 a) yeast b) Bacteria ©) Protozoa 4d) none of these Deliberately injecting weak microbes into a healthy body and producing | 1 antibodies to fight against strong microbes is called a) Medication b) Antibiotics ©) vaccination 4) All of the above ‘ In the following questions , the Assertion and Reason have been put 1 = forward Read the statements carefully and choose alternative from the followin; (a Both the Assertion and the Reason are correct and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion ((b) The Assertion and the Reason are correct but the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion ° . Aes * */© » | (c) Assertion is true but the Reasonis false — eyes + sls + ba The statement ofthe Assertion is false bultthe Reason iste eter fen, . . eee A 9 seedies oe . Saree of ceeede + okee ar seeedes+ Food poisoning could be dita the consumpti it by some microorganisms Deceeseceeeee ason :. Microorganism that grow on food produce toxic substantes, = ‘Assertion :Microorganisms can spoil food , clothing and leather Reason : Some of the microorganisms cause diseases in human beings.plants and animals are called pathogens SECTION B Fig. 2.1 m/60019/ (a) Write the name of the disease. | (h) Name the causative agent of this disease? 7 = Differentiate between viruses and other microorganisms. 2 Tis always suggested not to eat anything from street hawkers. Why? 2 Write short notes on 2 (a) Protozoa (b) Alga Jam, Jellies and squashes contain sugar as a preservative? 2 Haris mother added a Tittle curd to warm milk to set curd for the next | 2 day Why do you think Hari’s mother added curd to the milk? SECTION C Explain nitrogen cycle and draw a schematic diagram of nitrogen cycle. [3 What are antibiotics? What precautions must be taken while taking 3 antibiotics? Neha *s mother bought some raw mangoes ,Neha wants to preserve these | 3 ‘mangoes for a longer time . Answer as per questions asked below. a) Suggest the method of preservation her mother will use. b) Define the process. ¢) Identify the type of preservative used in our kitchen SECTION D Observe the image below and answer the questions. 5 ooe (© How does the disease spread from one plant to another? Istetevers f ‘ (d) Name any two plant diseases and the microbes that cause them. jpeeee 18 /| Give reasons for the following. (a) Fresh milk is boiled before consumption while processed milk stored in packets can be consumed without boiling. ee (b) Raw vegetables and fruits are kept in refrigerators whereas jams and pickles can be kept outside (c) Farmers prefer to grow beat s and peas in nitrogen deficient soils. SECTION E 19 | Microorganisms are used for various purposes. They are used in the preparation of curd, bread and cake .. Microorganisms have been used for the production of alcohol since ages. They are also used in cleaning up the environment. For example, the organic wastes (vegetable peels, remains of animals, faeces, ete. a) Explain the process of doubling of flour after addition of yeast into it b) Name some of the medicinal uses of microorganisms. ©) Name any one microorganism which led to pandemic in recent times and suggest some preventive measures. =N 20 | Paheli dug two pits, A and B, in her garden. In pit A, she put polythene bags , glass bottles and broken toys . In pit B, she dumped the plant waste She then covered both the pits with soil for | month . Answer the following questions, a) What difference did she observe after a month in pit A and pit B? ) Suggest a method you will use to treat your kitchen waste. 2 c) What are decomposers? ‘ see. ‘ see. / " : sees 2 ‘ (© someed tonsaANSWER KEY (CHAPTER? Mingus ‘roorganism: Friends andFoo) + +” iQ SECTIONA Ss +++ Ine Dees It_[6) antibiotics f 2 I — ) Use mosquito net and repellents [3 |d) none of the above lu 4 IL c) Atmospheric Nitrogen fixer > |byBacteria HE 6 ¢) vaccination u 7 Ja) IL [8 |b) L SECTION B 9 2 (’) They show the characteristics of living wrganisms or reproduce only by entering the frost organisms. Other microbes i) They do not need to enter any host, ganism to reproduce or show any © seamed win one cameri) They are cellular {ii) They are non-cellular microbes \icrobes. [Most street hawkers sell food items in an open area which always get {contaminated with the dust and flies carrying germs with them. Such an lunhygienic condition leads to spoilage of food which when consumed can lead lo serious illness. [Protozoa: Protozoa are unicellular animals. Some are free-living, others are parasites. Several parasitic protozoans cause diseases in human beings, animals and plants. For example, Plasmodium, a protozoan, causes Algae: Algae are green substances floating on the surface of a pond, lake, liver, stagnant water, moist soil, stones. They tend to grow on wet surfaces. [Therefore, they can synthesize their own food. They are found in water or in very moist places. [Sugar is used as a preservative in jams, jellies and squashes, Sugar reduces the 2 moisture content which inhibits the growth of bacteria which spoil food. [Curd contains several microorganisms .OF these the bacterium ,Lactobacillus romotes the formation of the curd SECTION C [The nitrogen cycle is the biogeochemical cycle by which nitrogen is converted linto multiple chemical forms as it circulates among atmospheric, terrestrial, land marine ecosystems. The conversion of nitrogen can be carried out through lboth biological and physical processes. [Diagram [Antibiotics Are medicines produced by certain microorganisms to kill other \disease-causing microorganisms. These medicines are commonly obtained litom bacteria and fungi. Streptomycin, tetracycline, penicillin, etc. are kcommon antibiotics. [Precautions to be taken while using antibiotic: \i) Antibiotics should be taken under the supervision of a well qualified doctor. (ii) Course (intake) of antibiotics should be completed as per the prescription lziven by the doctor. | iii) Antibiotics should be taken in the right amount and at the right time. A lwrong dose of antibiotics makes the drug ineffective. Also, excessive onisumption of drugs may kill the useful bacteria present in our body. la) The method of preservation are use of oil, salt_and vinegar B 13 wel eee seen e boone (OF scanned wt OHENScnnerSECTION D |(a) Fresh milk must be boiled in order to destroy any harmful microorganisms {that may be present. While processed milk has been pasteurized, making it safe| lo consume straight. Pasteurized milk is boiled at 70 degrees Celsius and then |suddenty cooled. \(b) They're kept in the fridge because bacteria can't grow at low temperatures, 117 /|a) Yellow vein mosaic of bhindi t 7 \b) Virus, L lc) Mode of Transmission - Insect L ld) Citrus Canker ~ Bacteria , Rust of Wheat ~ Fungi b 18 p [Sugar and salt make jams and pickles resistant to microbial infection p |(c) Leguminous plants such as peas and beans have nitrogen-fixing bacteria called Rhizobium L SECTION E 19 fa) After adding yeast into the flour, the yeast reproduces rapidly and produces [I |carbon dioxide during respiration. Bubbles of gas fill the dough and hence the |volume of dough is doubled in size. lb) Antibiotics and Vaccine . b Ic) i) Coronavirus ii) Any of the preventive measure 20 la) Waste in pot B has been decomposed whereas waste in pot A did not lundergo any change . Ib) Composting (explain) lc) Microorganisms which can decompose dead organic waste of plants and janimals. 4 . 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