 1936 wLªóv‡ã 8B †g KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vjq cÖ_g evsjv evbv‡bi wbqg

cÖKvk K‡i|

 cieZ©x‡Z 1992 mv‡j evsjv GKv‡Wwg cÖwgZ evsjv evbv‡bi wbqg

cÖYqb K‡i|
 AvayywbK evsjv Awfav‡bi bZzb ms¯‹iY Abymv‡i Zrmg ¯¿xevPK k‡ã
Ô x Õ nq|
 †hgbÑ ivÁx, cZœx, i~ceZx, myy›`ix, ¯¿x, bvix, gvbex, QvÎx,
fvM¨eZx, †`ex, ¸YeZx, eyw×gZx, j²x, igYx, †cÖqmx, gnxqmx,
b`x, wmsnx, gqyix, †bÎx, evÜex, k~`ªvYx, Aa©vw½bx, Aa©v½x, †Mvwcbx|

 AZrmg ¯¿xevPK k‡ã Ô w Õ nq|

 †hgbÑ ivwb, Mvwf, fvMwb, fvwe (fvex=fwel¨r), PvwP, gyiwM, `vw`,
bvwb, bbw`, bbw`wb, gvwg, bvZwb, KzwË, mvwcwb, evwNwb, wfLvwiwb,
†R‡jwb, †Mvqvwjwb, cvMwj, †PŠayivwb|
 fvlv I RvwZi bv‡gi †¶‡Î B-Kvi n‡e|
†hgb-Bs‡iwR, Rvcvwb, Aviwe, dviwm BZ¨vw`|

* Z‡e kÖxj¼v, Pxbv, gvjØxc C-Kvi nq| KviY kÖx, Øxc Zrmg kã Ges
Pxbv‡K wPbv wjL‡j †Pbv A‡_©i mv‡_ wg‡k hvq|

* Cq cÖZ¨q hy³ n‡j fvlv ev RvwZi bv‡g C-Kvi nq| †hgb: fviZxq,
Aviexq, Bs‡iRxq, e½xq BZ¨vw`|
 ÔAvwjÕ cÖZ¨qhy³ k‡ã B-Kvi n‡e|
†hgb-iƒcvwj, †mvbvwj, eYv©wj, wgZvwj BZ¨vw`|

* †mvbvjx e¨vsK bvg nIqvi Kvi‡Y GB wbqg cÖ‡qvM nqwb| KviY bv‡g
wbqg cÖ‡hvR¨ bq|
 m/l
A Gici m nq = cyi¯‹vi, bg¯‹vi, wZi¯‹vi BZ¨vw`|
B Gici l nq = cwi®‹vi, Avwe®‹vi, wb®‹vg BZ¨vw`|

B-KvivšÍ Dcm‡M©i ci ÔlÕ n‡e| h_v: cwi®‹vi, cwi‡lev, cwilr,

cwil` BZ¨vw`|
Z‡e cwiùzU, cwimsL¨v, cwiw¯’wZ †Z ÔmÕ n‡e|
 `yi/`~i(cÖ_‡g)
`~iZ¡ eySv‡j k‡ãi cÖ_‡g `~i nq| †hgb: `~ieZx©, `~i`kx©, `~‡i,
`~iexÿY BZ¨vw`|
we‡`wk k‡ã ev `~iZ¡ bv eySv‡j `yi nq| †hgb: `yMv©, `yiweb, `yi`„ó,
`yiwZµg, `y‡M©k, `yišÍcbv, `ywf©ÿ, `y`©g, `yb©xwZ BZ¨vw`|

* K‡qKwU k‡ã `~‡i A_© bv †_‡KI E-Kvi nq|

h_v- `~e©v, `~ifvl, `~i`k©x|
 bv/wb
* bv c„_K _v‡K = hvebv (fzj), hve bv (mwVK)
* wb hy³ _v‡K = Av‡m wb (fzj), Av‡mwb (mwVK)

 A™¢zZ = D-Kvi
Ab¨ mKj f‚Z E-Kvi n‡e| †hgb: D™¢‚Z, civf‚Z, `ªexf‚Z,
f‚Z(AvZ¥v), f‚Z(AZxZ), f‚ZKvj, f‚ZZ¡ BZ¨vw`|
 ¯Í/¯’(‡k‡l)
Ae¯’vb eySv‡j k‡ãi †k‡l Ô ¯’ Õ n‡e|
†hgb: M„n¯’, Øvi¯’, gyL¯’, eÿ¯’ BZ¨vw`|
Ae¯’vb bv eySv‡j ¯Í nq| †hgb: mg¯Í, wek¦¯Í, Avk¦¯Í, MÖ¯Í BZ¨vw`|

 Ñ© (‡id) Gici e¨Äb `yBevi nq bv| †hgb: Kvh©¨vjq(fzj),

†mŠ›`h©¨(fzj)| mwVK- Kvhv©jq, †mŠ›`h©|
 Aby/Ab~
k‡ãi cÖ_‡g _vK‡j wbgœ M‡íi k㸇jv‡Z Ab~ nq|
†hgb: Ab~p Rvwn` Ab~‡c G‡m Ab~a¦© †lv‡jv bvwmgvi Ab~w`Z wPwV co‡Q|

 by/b~
k‡ãi cÖ_‡g _vK‡j wb¤œ M‡íi k㸇jv‡Z b~ nq|
b~ivwb b~ign‡j wM‡q b~cyi c‡i b~Zb bvP †`Lv‡”Q, hv †KD b~¨bZg g~j¨
w`‡”Q bv|
 Db ev Eb:

DwbkÑDbbeŸB GLv‡b 8wU Db Av‡Q, hvi me¸‡jvB ÔDÕ w`‡q †jL‡Z

n‡e|
†hgb: DbwÎk, DbPwjøk, Dwbk, DblvU BZ¨vw`|

wKš‘ Ebwesk, EblwÆ, EbvkxwZZg, EbmßwZZg, EbcÂvkËg BZ¨vw`

Zg eySv‡bvi Kvi‡Y ÔEÕ n‡e|
 ÔKxÕ Ges ÔwKÕ Gi e¨envi:
†h cÖ‡kœi Dˇi nvu/bv ejv hvq = wK
nvu/ bv ejv bv †M‡j = Kx n‡e|
†hgb: Zzwg hv‡e wK?
†Zvgvi bvg Kx?
MíwU c‡oQ wK?
Kx †L‡qQ?

Kx = me©bvg, wK = Ae¨q
 B/C Kvi RwbZ Amyweav: ï׸‡jv †R‡b bvI-
wefxwlKv
mgxPxb
CwáZ
MxZvÄwj
kvixwiK
 D/E Kvi RwbZ Amyweav/Aï×
†KŠZ~K- †KŠZzK (ï×)
†KŠZznj- †KŠZ~nj (ï×)
ïkÖælv- ïkÖƒlv (ï×)
gygyl©- gyg~l©y (ï×)
gyûZ©- gyn~Z© (ï×)
D™¢yZ- D™¢~Z (ï×)
A™¢~Z- A™¢yZ (ï×)
cÖZz¨l- cÖZ~¨l (ï×)
we`~lx- we`ylx (ï×)
a~wjm¨vr- a~wjmvr (ï×)
 ý/nè
†id/i _vK‡j= nè
†id/i bv _vK‡j= ý
†hgb: mvqvnè > mvqvý (ï×)
c~e©vý > c~e©vnè (ï×)
ga¨vnè > ga¨vý (ï×)
Acivý > Acivnè (ï×)
 evûj¨ †`v‡li Kvi‡Y fyj:
mgZzj¨ > mg/Zzj¨ (ï×)
¯^Z¡vwaKvi > ¯^Z/¡ AwaKvi (ï×)
AvqËvaxb > AvqË / Aaxb (ï×)
Aaxb¯’ > Aaxb/ n¯ÍMZ (ï×)
wewea cÖKvi > wewea/ cÖKvi (ï×)
AÎwe`¨vjq > GB we`¨vjq (ï×)
eBcy¯ÍK > eB/cy¯ÍK, eBcÎ (ï×)
†KejgvÎ > †Kej/gvÎ (ï×)
ïaygvÎ > ïay / gvÎ (ï×)
 evsjv fvlvi Zrmg k‡ã `šÍ¨-b Gi g~a©Y¨-Y †Z cwieZ©b nIqvi
wbqgmg~n‡K Y-Z¡ weavb e‡j|

 wbqg: F, i, Ñ©, l I U-eMx©q e‡Y©i mv‡_ Y nq |

†hgb: P~Y©, cÖYq, FY, N„Yv, eY©, fxlY, `~lY, K…cY, kÖveY, nwiY ,eÈb,
jyÉb, LÐ ,cÖYvg, cwiYvg, cwiYwZ ,cÖwYcvZ, cÖwYavb BZ¨vw`|
 KZK¸wj k‡ã ¯^fveZB g~a©Y¨-Y nq| (wbqg gv‡b bv)
h_v: KYv, †MŠY, wbcyY, evwYR¨, jeY, gY, †eYy,
KwYKv, Kj¨vY, gwY, †ewY, AYy, AvcY, evYx, wbcyY,
cvwY, †KvY, cY, ewYK, ¸Y, MYbv, cY¨, evY
BZ¨vw`|

we.`ª. eZ©gv‡b kvb I wcbvK evbv‡b ÔbÕ nq|

1. cÖwYcvZ
2. c&Yª vg
3. cÖwYavb
4. cwiYvg
5. jÿY
6. niwY
7. cÖYq
 Y-n‡e bv †hLv‡b:
1| Z-eM©hy³ g~a©Y¨-Y nq bv| h_v: e„šÍ, e„›`, MÖš’|
2| evsjv wµqvc‡`, ÔYÕ nq bv| h_v- K‡ib, a‡ib, Kwi‡eb BZ¨vw`|
*g~‡j wµqv _vK‡jI ÔYÕ nq bv| h_v- aib, Sib, Sibv|
3| we‡`wk k‡ã g~a©Y¨-Y nq bv| h_v: ciMbv,†Kvivb, Mfb©i, wbkvb BZ¨vw`|
4| mgvme× c‡` YZ¡ weavb Lv‡U bv| h_v: me©bvg, `yb©vg (Kz †h bvg), `yb©xwZ
( Kz †h bxwZ)|
5| P-eM©xq e‡Y©i ci Y nq bv| h_v: AR©b, gvR©bv, AP©bv|

 we.`ª. ÔcyivYÕ evbv‡b ÔYÕ wKš‘ cyiv‡bv, cy‡iv‡bv GB `ywU Z™¢e ZvB ÔbÕ n‡e|
 evsjv fvlvi Zrmg k‡ã `šÍ¨-m g~a©Y¨-l †Z cwieZ©b nIqvi
wbqgmg~n‡K l-Z¡ weavb ejv nq|

 wbqg:
1| F, i , U-eM©xq e‡Y© l nq|
h_v- Fwl, e„l, `y®‹i, wb®‹vg, Abyôvb, gyg~l©y| BZ¨vw`|
2| A, Av wfbœ Ab¨ ¯^‡ii ci l n‡e|
‡hgb: cwi®‹vi, AwZô, Abyôvb, wb‡la, Awf‡lK, mylgv,
cªwZ‡laK BZ¨vw`|


 wb‡gœv³ kã¸wj‡Z ¯^fveZB g~a©Y¨-l nq; h_v-Avlvp,†lvok, mylywß,
welg, welq, fxlY, Dlv, Awfjvl, †Kvl, cvlÐ, fvlv, fvlY, gvbyl,
mwilv, †lvok, Jla, †cŠl, Kjyl, f‚lY, †kvlY, lohš¿ BZ¨vw`|

Qov: fvlv gvlv lU Avlvp lÐ

KwlZ cvlvY Bly cvlÐ|
Klvq Klvq Kvó Kó
Avfvl ev®ú gywlK Aó|
†cŠl cy®ú k®ú fvl¨
l-Z¡ wewai K‡i bv `vm¨||
 l-n‡e bv †hLv‡b:
1| evsjv wµqvq g~a©Y¨-l nq bv| †hgb: Kwim, ewjm, hvm BZ¨vw`|
2| mvr cÖZ¨‡qi `šÍ¨-m g~a©Y¨-l nq bv| †hgb: f‚wgmvr, a~wjmvr|
3| LvuwU evsjv I we‡`wk k‡ã ÔlÕ nq bv| †hgb: †U·, cywjk, wRwbm,
†÷kb BZ¨vw`|
 Pvlvi `yÿz
†mKv‡j igYxMY nvwmqv †Lwjqv e¯¿-mgm¨v c~iY KwiZ| myZivs ZLb Pvlv Abœe‡¯¿i
KvOvj wQj bv| ZLb wKš‘ †m Amf¨ ee©i wQj| GLb Zvnviv mf¨ nBqv‡Q, ZvBÑ
wk‡i w`‡q evuKv ZvR
†X‡K iv‡L UvK|
wKš‘ Zvnv‡`i †c‡U bvB fvZ| cÖkœ nB‡Z cv‡iÑ mf¨Zvi mwnZ `vwi`ªª e„w× nBevi
KviY Kx? KviYÑ †h‡nZz AvcvZ myjf g~‡j¨ wewea iwOb I wgwn Kvco cvIqv hvq,
Z‡e Avi PiKv jBqv NN©i Kwi‡e †Kb? wewPÎ e‡Y©i RyU d¬v‡bj _vwK‡Z eY©nxb GwÛ
e¯¿ e¨envi Kwi‡e †Kb? c~‡e© cwjøevwmbxMY ÿvi cÖ¯‘Z Kwiqv Kvco KvwPZ; GLb
Zvnv‡`i Kvco ayBevi Rb¨ nq †avcvi cÖ‡qvRb, bq †mvWv|
cÖk:œ
K) ÔKvOvjÕ ej‡Z Aby‡”Q‡` Kx eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q?

L) mf¨Zvi mwnZ `vwi`ª¨ e„w×i KviY Kx?

M) Òwk‡i w`‡q evuKv ZvR †X‡K iv‡L UvKÓ ej‡Z †jwLKv Kx
eywS‡q‡Qb?
N) DÏxcKwU‡Z ÔPvlvi `yÿzÕ cÖe‡Ü †h wel‡qi cÖwZ ¸iæZ¡ †`Iqv
n‡q‡Q Zv e¨vL¨v K‡iv?

Dˇii Rb¨ c¨vivMb cvewj‡Kkb-Gi wjwLZ mnvwqKv ÒˆekvLxÓ eBwU co

 kZe‡l©i wek¦we`¨vjq
XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq evsjv‡`k Z_v c~e© evsjvi cÖ_g wek¦we`¨vjq| XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq
cÖ_‡g evsjvi gymwjg ga¨weË mgvR I cieZx©Kv‡j mgMÖ evsjvi mgvR e¨e¯’v
cwieZ©‡b †bZ…Z¡ `vb K‡i| e½f‡½i mgq †_‡K c~e©e‡½ gymwjg mgv‡R †h
beRvMiY ïiæ nq XvKv wek¦we`¨vjh ZviB dj|
1911mv‡j e½f½ i‡`i ci 1912 mv‡ji 21 Rvbyqvwi fvi‡Zi fvBmiq jW© nvwW©Ä
XvKv md‡i Av‡mb Ges †NvlYv K‡ib †h, wZwb miKv‡ii Kv‡Q XvKvq GKwU
wek¦we`¨vjq ¯’vc‡bi mycvwik Ki‡eb| 1912 mv‡ji †g gv‡m XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq
cÖwZôvi j‡ÿ¨ e¨vwi÷vi ievU© bv_v‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ bv_vb Kwgkb MVb Kiv nq| bv_vb
Kwgk‡bi mycvwikµ‡g cÖ_g wek¦h‡y × ciewZ© mg‡q 1920 mv‡j fviZxq AvBb
mfvq XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq cÖwZôvi wejwU M„nxZ nq| Gici 1921 mv‡j 1 RyjvB XvKv
wek¦we`¨vjq AvbyôvwbKfv‡e Kvh©µg ïiæ K‡i|
kyiæ‡Z 600 GKi Rwgi Dci XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq cÖwZôv nq| XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq 12wU wefvM,
3wU Abyl`, 877 Rb wkÿv_©x, 60 Rb wkÿK wb‡q Zvi c_Pjv ïiæ K‡i| wc.‡R. nvU©R
XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi cÖ_g wf.wm wnmv‡e ØvwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib | cÖwZôvi K‡qK `k‡Ki g‡a¨B
XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq cÖv‡P¨i A·‡dvW© wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ n‡q I‡V|

evsjv‡`‡ki BwZn‡mi A‡bKUv Ry‡o Av‡Q XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq| XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi QvÎ I
wkÿK mgvR 52Gi fvlv Av‡›`vjb, 56Gi kvmbZš¿ Av‡›`vjb, 62Gi wkÿv Av‡›`vjb,
66Gi Qq `dv, 69Gi MYAfy¨&Ìvb, 71Gi gyw³hy× Ges gyw³hy× cieZ©x •¯^ivPvi we‡ivax
Av‡›`vjbmn wewfbœ Av‡›`vj‡b m¤§yL †hv×v wn‡m‡e Ae`vb iv‡Lb|

2020 mv‡j XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq kZe‡l© c`vc©Y K‡i| K‡ivbv cwiw¯’wZi Kvi‡b kZel©
Dcj‡ÿ we‡kl †Kvb Abyôvb Av‡qvRb Kiv m¤¢e bv n‡jI mvgvwRK †hvMv‡hvM
gva¨g¸‡jv‡Z cÖ³b I eZ©gvb wkÿv_©x‡`i wfbœag©x D`hvcb wQj †Pv‡L civi g‡Zv| Avi
GB eQ‡iB wek¦we`¨vjq‡K 100 †KvwU UvKvi Znwej n¯ÍvšÍi Ki‡e XvKv BDwbfvwm©wU
A¨vjgbvB A¨v‡mvwm‡qkb| XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi M‡elYv I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv Kvh©µg cwiPvjbvi
Rb¨ G Znwej n¯ÍvšÍi Kiv n‡e|
 English to Bangla Translation
Books are men's best companions in life; You must have very good friends but
you cannot get them when you need them. They may not speak gently to you.
One or two may prove false and do you much harm. But books are always
ready to be by your side. Some books may make you laugh. Some other may
give you much pleasure. Others again may give you knowledge and new ideas.
So making friendship with books costs us nothing but gives us much.

Abyev`: eB gvby‡li Rxe‡bi m‡ev©Ëg eÜz| †Zvgvi Aek¨B fv‡jv eÜz evÜe Av‡Q| wKš‘ cÖ‡qvR‡bi
mgq Zzwg Zv‡`i cvI bv| Zviv ‡Zvgvi m‡½ kvšÍfv‡e Kiv bv-I ej‡Z cv‡i| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ `yGKRb
K…wÎg eÜz e‡j cÖgvwYZ n‡Z cv‡i Ges Zviv †Zvgvi h‡_ó ÿwZ Ki‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ eB me©`v ‡Zvgvi
cv‡k _vK‡e| KZK eB †Zvgv‡K †ek Avb›` w`‡Z cv‡i| KZK¸‡jv Avevi †Zvgv‡K Ávb I bZzb
wPšÍv `vb Ki‡e| myZivs eB‡qi m‡½ eÜzZ¡ Mo‡Z Avgv‡`i †Kv‡bv LiPv Ki‡Z nq bv wKš‘ cÖvc¨Zv
A‡bK †ewk|