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Data Types in CPP Fixed

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Data Types in CPP Fixed

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Introduction to Data Types in C++

Introduction to Data Types in C++

Data types in C++ define the kind of data that variables can hold. They specify the memory

allocation, the range of values a variable can store, and the operations that can be performed on it.

Choosing the appropriate data type is crucial for efficient memory usage, program accuracy, and

performance.

Importance of Data Types

1. Memory Optimization: Allocates only the required memory for data.

2. Error Prevention: Ensures proper data handling and reduces runtime errors.

3. Performance Improvement: Enables the compiler to optimize operations based on the type of

data.

4. Data Consistency: Helps in performing correct and predictable operations.

For instance, handling precise scientific data requires a type that supports decimal precision, while

handling large integers may require a type that supports extended ranges.

Categories of Data Types in C++

1. Numeric Types:

- Integer: Stores whole numbers like 45 or -100.

- Floating Point: Stores numbers with decimals like 3.14 or -0.001.

2. Character Type:

Stores single characters such as 'A' or '&'.


3. Boolean Type:

Represents logical values true or false.

4. String Type:

Stores sequences of characters such as 'Hello, World!'. Requires the #include <string> library.

Numeric Data Types and Properties

C++ provides various numeric data types to suit different requirements in terms of memory and

range.

| Data Type | Size | Range |

|-----------------------|--------|---------------------------------------------|

| short int | 2 bytes | -32,768 to 32,767 |

| unsigned short int | 2 bytes | 0 to 65,535 |

| int | 4 bytes | -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647 |

| unsigned int | 4 bytes | 0 to 4,294,967,295 |

| long int | 4 bytes | -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647 |

| unsigned long int | 4 bytes | 0 to 4,294,967,295 |

| long long int | 8 bytes | -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807 |

| unsigned long long int| 8 bytes | 0 to 18,446,744,073,709,551,615 |

| float | 4 bytes | +-3.4 x 10^-38 to +-3.4 x 10^38 |

| double | 8 bytes | +-1.7 x 10^-308 to +-1.7 x 10^308 |

| long double | 16 bytes | Higher precision and range than double. |

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