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Simple pendulum

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18 views

Simple pendulum

Good

Uploaded by

areebkh335
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

EXPERIMENT

AIM: To study variation of time period ofa simple pendulum of agiven length by taking bobs of
same size but different masses and interpret the result.
APPARATUS

Aclamp with stand, a split cork, thread, vernier callipers, stopwatch, metre scale and
pendulum bobs of different masses.

THEORY
1. Simple Pendulum, Anidealsimplependulum consists ofaheavypointmass(called bob) tied to one
end of aperfectly inextensible, Aexible and weightless string, There is no ideal simple pendulum.
In practice, we make asimple pendulum by tyinga metallic spherical bobto afine cotton stitching
thread.

Length of Simple Pendulum. The distance between the point of suspension of the pendulum
and its C.G. (which is C.G. of the bob), is called the length of the simple pendulum. It is represented
by the symbol l.
Length of simple pendulum = length of thread + length of hook of bob + mean radiusof the
spherical bob

i.e., l= l'+h+r

3. Time Period of the Simple Pendlum. Time taken by the bob of the simple pendulum to
make one complete vibration, is called the time period of the simple pendulum. It is represented
by the symbol T.
The time period is given by the formula,
T= 2%
4. Time period of simplependulum is independent of its mas. The time period of simple
given by the sbove formmsia.kdesily indicatesthat, Tayi andTo btitis independent
of mass of the simple pendulum i.e., for the same value of l andg, the time period for two bobs of
different masses will be same.

OBSERVATIONS
Table to check the effect of bobs of different masses on time period
Bob No. Time taken for 20 oscillation, t (C)
S.
No.
Effective length
ofsimple Per io dof
osciT=t/20
l ation
pendulum
l=(i+h+r) n (second) (second) (in second)
1. First bob

m, = gram

2. Second bob

100.00
m, = gram

3. Third bob

m =...gram

*The effective length of the simple pendulum will be kept same in each case.

CALCULATIONS
Average time for 20 vibrations may be calculated as:
t=

t
Then calculate the tíme period,T= second and finally write in the table.
20

RESULT
It is clear from the table, for the same effective length of simple pendulum, the time period
is same for bobs of different massesi.e, the time period is independent of mass of the bob.
PRECAUTIONS

1. Thread should be strong, weightless and inextensible.


2. Point of suspension shouldbe fixed in a rigid support.
Amplitude should be small

The bob should not spin during vibration.

Length of pendulum should include length of hook and radius of bob.

SOURCES OF ERROR
1. The string may not be weightless and inextensible.
2. Point of suspension may not be rigid.
3. The amplitude may not be small.
4. The bob may spin.

There may be an error in counting.


The stop dock/watch may be inaccurate.
There may be delay in starting and stopping the stopclock/watch.

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