International Relations 01- Daily Class Notes -- (Titan (Upsc 2024)

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DAILY
CLASS NOTES
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Lecture – 01
Introduction
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Introduction
Difference between International and Global:
❖ International: It means the meeting of Nations, International primarily deals between players (Head of State)
and Nations state at international level (International means involvement of two or more countries of the
world).
❖ It also means, primarily looking at relations between countries and how it impacts the world.
❖ Global: It means World Phenomena (Going beyond the countries). For example, the H & M global brand,
Climate change, Cuisine, Music.
International Relations:
❖ The study of the interactions between nation-states and non-governmental organizations in subjects such as
politics, economics, and security is known as international relations. For example, India & USA.
❖ In international relations you need to know about what it is, why it is and how it is. For example, the Russia-
Ukraine conflict.
❖ Important things for IR: Location, Impacting on India also.
❖ Russia-Ukraine: Kyiv is the capital of Ukraine and Moscow is the capital of Russia. You need to know about
the Russia-Ukraine war, and how it impacts India’s interest.
❖ The Prime Minister of India went to Papua New Guinea, it shows that a country understands the Cultural
relevance of your country and it also shows the aspect of soft power. In the context of Papua New Guinea,
you need to know about this region and the relevance of this Island. For example, Bismark sea, great barrier
reef, Marshall Islands.
❖ Peace keeping Forces: the United Nation sends to the forces to maintain peace in the region. For example,
the civil war.
Syllabus:
❖ Bilateral (between two countries), regional (ASEAN, SAARC) and global groupings (like SCO, G20, G7,
BRICS) involving India and/or affecting India’s interests.
❖ India and its neighborhood-relations.
❖ Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests, India’s diaspora (The
Indian Diaspora is a generic term to describe the people who migrated from territories that are currently within
the borders of the Republic of India).
❖ Important international institutions (UN), agencies (WTO) and fora, their structure, mandate.
Overview:
❖ India and Neighbourhood: You need to look at multiple relations like Bhutan, Sri Lanka, China, Pakistan,
Myanmar, Afghanistan, Nepal, Bangladesh.
➢ Multiple Relations: India's relationship with Bangladesh is impacted by India’s relation with Pakistan.
➢ China is also very close to Pakistan and is also impacted on India’s relation. For example, BRI, Aksai
Chin.
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➢ India is having conflict with China that's why it makes India a country, which is closer to the USA.
➢ Bird’s eye view: For example in the South Asia-Country of this region, their relations, an important
project which is done by India, impacts on India (Kashmir issues,Siliguri corridor).
❖ Global Groups, agreements, Countries: you need to look at the UN, WTO, SCO, G20, G7, Peace clause,
Montreal protocol, Kyoto protocol, I2U2. You need to remember India is part of the group or not.
❖ Policies and Diaspora: You need to know about Government, institutions, people to people relations, and you
also need to know how diaspora is getting impacted, how diaspora is adding value.
❖ International Institutions: Institutions deal with specialized things. For example, WTO, WHO, UNICEF,
UN, AIIB, ADB, SAARC, etc.
➢ Global powers or major countries: it means those countries who can hamper or impact on India’s
interest in a large way. For example, the USA, Russia, China, Japan, France.
UPSC Mains Questions:

❖ If the last few decades were of Asia’s growth story, the next few years are expected to be Africa's. In the
light of this statement, examine India’s influence in Africa in recent years.
❖ The USA is facing the existential threat in the form of China, that is much more challenging than the
erstwhile Soviet Union. Explain.
❖ Critically examine the aims and objectives of SCO. What importance does it hold for India?
❖ The newly Tri-Nation partnership AUKUS is aimed at countering China’s ambition in the Indo-Pacific
region. Is it going to supersede the existing partnership in the region? Discuss the strength and impact of
AUKUS in the present scenario.
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