General Foundation Program

Applied Mathematics – 000124

Topic: Functions
Lecture#2 Week#3 Date: / /2021
Objective: After this lesson students should be able to demonstrate an understanding of the definition of a
function and its graph, understand the basic concepts of one-to-one functions, understand the basic concept of
functions and its operations and analyze examples of functions and its operations.

Function: A function f is a rule that assigns to each element x in a set A exactly one
element, called f (x) in a set B .

Arrow diagram

1) A B 2) A B 3) A B 4) A B
1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5

2 10 2 10 2 10 2 15

15 3 20 3

Domain: Domain:

Range: Range:

Co-domain: Co-domain:

Ordered pair: Ordered pair:

Image of 2: Image of 3:

Pre image of 5: Pre image of 10:

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One-to-One Function (Injective): A function with domain A is called 1-to-1 function if
NO TWO elements in set A have the same image.

Onto Function (Surjective): A function is onto if every element of set B have a pre image
in set A .

1) A B 2) A B 3) A B 4) A B
1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5

2 10 2 10 2 10 2 15

3 15 3 3 15 3 20

20

20

1-to-1: 1-to-1: 1-to-1: 1-to-1:

Onto: Onto: Onto: Onto:

1) Choose from the arrow diagrams whether it is a Function or Not a Function.

A B
A B 1 a
1 10
2 b
2 20
3 c
3
d

Function: Function:

Not a Function: Not a Function:

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2) Choose from the arrow diagrams whether it is a Function or Not a Function.
A B A B
a x 1 5

b y 2 10

c 3 15

Function: Function:

Not a Function: Not a Function:

3) Choose from the arrow diagrams whether it is one-to-one Function or onto Function .

A B A B
1 10 1 5

2 20 2 10

3 3 15

20

20

One-to-One Function: One-to-One Function:

Onto Function: Onto Function:

A B A B
1 10 1 5

2 20 2 15

3 30 3

One-to-One Function: One-to-One Function:

Onto Function: Onto Function:

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Vertical Line Test: A curve in the coordinate plane is the graph of a function if
and only if no vertical line intersects the curve more than once.

Horizontal Line Test: A function is one-to-one if and only if no horizontal line

intersects its graph more than once.

X X
0 0

X X
0 0

X X
0 0

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A) Evaluate the function f ( x )=7−√ 3 x+ 4 at the indicated values.

1) f ( 7 ) =

2) f ( 39 )=¿

( 2 4
3) f 3 a − 3 =¿ )

B)The population of planned seaside community in a new city is given by the

function P ( t ) =2000+150 t+ 0. 1 t 2 , where t represents the numbers of years since the
community was incorporated in 1995. Find

a) P ( 10 )=¿

b) P ( 20 )=¿

c) P ( 50 )=¿

d) What do your answer in part (a, b & c) represent?

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C) Evaluate the piecewise defined functions at the indicated values.

2. f ( x )=¿

( i ) f ( 5 )=( ii ) f (7 )=( iii ) f (−2 )=¿

( iv ) f ( 0 )=( v ) f (2 )=¿

D) The income taxT is assessed according to the following function of income x in $.

{
0 if 0 ≤ x ≤10,000
T ( x )= 0.05 x if 10,000< x ≤ 50,000
1000+0.1 x if x >50,000

Find
a ¿ T (10,000 )=¿

b ¿ T ( 35,000 )=¿

c ¿ T ( 80,000 ) =¿

d) What do your answers in part (a, b & c) represent?

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