General Foundation Program
Applied Mathematics – 000124
Topic: Functions
Lecture#2 Week#3 Date: / /2021
Objective: After this lesson students should be able to demonstrate an understanding of the definition of a
function and its graph, understand the basic concepts of one-to-one functions, understand the basic concept of
functions and its operations and analyze examples of functions and its operations.
Function: A function f is a rule that assigns to each element x in a set A exactly one
element, called f (x) in a set B .
Arrow diagram
1) A B 2) A B 3) A B 4) A B
1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5
2 10 2 10 2 10 2 15
15 3 20 3
Domain: Domain:
Range: Range:
Co-domain: Co-domain:
Ordered pair: Ordered pair:
Image of 2: Image of 3:
Pre image of 5: Pre image of 10:
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One-to-One Function (Injective): A function with domain A is called 1-to-1 function if
NO TWO elements in set A have the same image.
Onto Function (Surjective): A function is onto if every element of set B have a pre image
in set A .
1) A B 2) A B 3) A B 4) A B
1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5
2 10 2 10 2 10 2 15
3 15 3 3 15 3 20
20
20
1-to-1: 1-to-1: 1-to-1: 1-to-1:
Onto: Onto: Onto: Onto:
1) Choose from the arrow diagrams whether it is a Function or Not a Function.
A B
A B 1 a
1 10
2 b
2 20
3 c
3
d
Function: Function:
Not a Function: Not a Function:
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2) Choose from the arrow diagrams whether it is a Function or Not a Function.
A B A B
a x 1 5
b y 2 10
c 3 15
Function: Function:
Not a Function: Not a Function:
3) Choose from the arrow diagrams whether it is one-to-one Function or onto Function .
A B A B
1 10 1 5
2 20 2 10
3 3 15
20
20
One-to-One Function: One-to-One Function:
Onto Function: Onto Function:
A B A B
1 10 1 5
2 20 2 15
3 30 3
One-to-One Function: One-to-One Function:
Onto Function: Onto Function:
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Vertical Line Test: A curve in the coordinate plane is the graph of a function if
and only if no vertical line intersects the curve more than once.
Horizontal Line Test: A function is one-to-one if and only if no horizontal line
intersects its graph more than once.
X X
0 0
X X
0 0
X X
0 0
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A) Evaluate the function f ( x )=7−√ 3 x+ 4 at the indicated values.
1) f ( 7 ) =
2) f ( 39 )=¿
( 2 4
3) f 3 a − 3 =¿ )
B)The population of planned seaside community in a new city is given by the
function P ( t ) =2000+150 t+ 0. 1 t 2 , where t represents the numbers of years since the
community was incorporated in 1995. Find
a) P ( 10 )=¿
b) P ( 20 )=¿
c) P ( 50 )=¿
d) What do your answer in part (a, b & c) represent?
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C) Evaluate the piecewise defined functions at the indicated values.
2. f ( x )=¿
( i ) f ( 5 )=( ii ) f (7 )=( iii ) f (−2 )=¿
( iv ) f ( 0 )=( v ) f (2 )=¿
D) The income taxT is assessed according to the following function of income x in $.
{
0 if 0 ≤ x ≤10,000
T ( x )= 0.05 x if 10,000< x ≤ 50,000
1000+0.1 x if x >50,000
Find
a ¿ T (10,000 )=¿
b ¿ T ( 35,000 )=¿
c ¿ T ( 80,000 ) =¿
d) What do your answers in part (a, b & c) represent?
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