General Foundation Program
Applied Mathematics – 000124
Topic: The Transformations of Functions
Lecture#4 Week#5 Date: / /2021
Basic graphs
2 3
f ( x )=−x f ( x )=−x
x -2 -1 0 1 2
f(x)
Watch the video of the lecture “The Transformations of Functions” on Moodle. The link is shared already.
Sketch the graph of functions, not by plotting points or making table, but by starting with
the graph of a standard function and apply transformations. Find the domain and range.
VERTICAL SHIFTS OF GRAPHS: Suppose c >0.
To graph y=f ( x )+ c , shift the graph of y=f (x ) upwards c units.
To graph y=f ( x )−c , shift the graph of y=f (x ) downwards c units.
f ( x )=x +2 , f ( x )=x −2,
2 2 3 3
f ( x )=x +1 , f ( x )=x −1
Df =D f =¿ Df =D f =¿
R f =R f =¿ R f =R f =¿
f ( x )= √ x +3 , f ( x )=√ x−3,
Df =R f =¿ Df =R f =¿
Watch the video of the lecture “The Transformations of Functions” on Moodle. The link is shared already.
HORIZONTAL SHIFTS OF GRAPHS: Suppose c >0.
To grpah y=f ( x−c ) , shift the graph of y=f (x ) to the right c units.
To graph y=f ( x+ c ) , shift the graph of y=f (x ) to the left c units.
2 2 3 3
f ( x )= ( x +3 ) , f ( x)=( x−3 ) f ( x )= ( x +3 ) , f ( x)= ( x −3 )
Df =D f =¿ Df =D f =¿
R f =R f =¿ R f =R f =¿
f ( x )= √ x +4 , f ( x )=√ x−2
Df =R f =¿ Df =R f =¿
Watch the video of the lecture “The Transformations of Functions” on Moodle. The link is shared already.
Combining Horizontal and Vertical Shifts
2
f ( x )= ( x −1 ) + 4 f ( x )= √ x +2−3
Df =R f =¿ Df =R f =¿
3
f ( x )= ( x −2 ) + 3
Df =R f =¿
Watch the video of the lecture “The Transformations of Functions” on Moodle. The link is shared already.
REFLECTING GRAPHS:
To graph y=−f (x ), reflect the graph of y=f (x ) in the x−axis .
To graph y=f (−x ), reflect the graph of y=f (x ) in the y−axis
y=f (x )
y=f (x )
Df =D f =¿ Df =D f =¿
R f =R f =¿ R f =R f =¿
y=f (x )
Df =D f =¿ Df =D f =¿
R f =R f =¿ R f =R f =¿
Watch the video of the lecture “The Transformations of Functions” on Moodle. The link is shared already.
