Q1-What is Quality Assurance?

Give a real-life example of quality

assurance in software development.
Ans- QA in software development is a process to ensure that software
products meet quality standards and requirements by verifying their
functionality, performance, usability, and security.
A real-life example is when the QA team tests a mobile banking app pre-
release to make sure that it works well on both the front end and back
end. They check that the user can log in, view account balances, transfer
funds, and make payments on the front end, while on the back end, they
test the communication between code modules.
If bugs are found, the QA team documents and reports them to the
development team, who immediately resolves the issue. After that, the QA
team runs the test once again to validate that the bug is actually fixed,
and no new bugs arise.

Q2- What is the software testing life cycle? Explain each step
in the cycle.
ANS- The software testing life cycle is the standard process that
software testing teams follow to ensure that software products are
thoroughly tested and meet the specified quality standards.
IT HAVE 6 PHASES
1-REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS ( the process of determining user expectations for
a new or modified product)
2-TEST PLANNING ( where a quality assurance (QA) manager creates a test
plan to outline the strategy, scope, and objectives for testing)
3-TEST CASE DEVELOPMENT (software testers create test cases and test
scripts based on the software's requirements and specifications)
4-ENVIRONMENT SETUP (specifically set up to validate the functionality
and performance of an application before it goes live.)
5-TEST EXECUTION (the process of performing test cases to identify bugs,
errors, and other potential issues your software could have.)
6-TEST CYCLE (The goal is to run multiple test cycles to ensure the
product is stable and error-free before release)

Q3-What is your experience with automation testing tools?

ANS-An automation testing tool serves the purpose of providing utilities
to write, run, debug and report test scripts.
Here are some of the most popular automation testing tools/frameworks in
the current market
POSTMAN,SELENIMU,APACHE JMETER,TESTNG,SOAPUI

Q4- Explain the different test levels of and give examples

ANS-Unit testing: tests the login page to handle valid/invalid
credentials (usernames, passwords)
Integration testing: tests the payment processing process where Paypal
can verify payment details like valid card numbers
End-to-end testing: evaluates the entire application flow from start to
finish, to ensure that all integrated components of the software system
work together as expected.
Q5-What is your approach to test planning?
ANS-Understanding Requirements: I start by thoroughly reviewing project
requirements to understand what needs to be tested and identify key areas
of focus.
-Defining the Scope: Based on the requirements, I define what will and
won’t be covered in testing, ensuring alignment with project goals.
-Resource and Environment Planning: I assess the resources, tools, and
testing environments needed and allocate them accordingly.
-Risk Analysis: I identify potential risks and prioritize testing for
critical areas that could impact the project most if issues arise.
-Creating the Test Strategy: I outline the overall approach, including
testing types (functional, non-functional, etc.), test levels, and the
tools and methods to be used.
-Test Case Design and Review: I develop test cases, review them for
accuracy, and ensure they cover all relevant scenarios.
-Scheduling and Milestones: I set a testing schedule with clear
milestones to track progress and keep the testing on track with project
timelines.

Q6- Waterfall AND Agile TESTING ?

ANS-Waterfall Testing: This follows a step-by-step approach, where
testing happens only after all development is completed. Each phase (like
design, coding, then testing) is finished before the next begins, and
changes are hard to make once a phase is done.
Agile Testing: Testing is continuous and happens alongside development in
short, repeated cycles (called sprints). The team can quickly adapt to
changes, and new features are tested as they’re developed, allowing for
faster feedback and improvements.

Q7-Test plan vs. test strategy

ANS- A Test Plan is a detailed document that outlines the specific
objectives, scope, approach, resources, schedule, and activities for
testing a particular project.
A Test Strategy is a high-level document that describes the general
approach to testing and aligns with organizational or project objectives.

Q8-What is exploratory testing

ANS- Exploratory testing is a testing method where testers freely explore
the software without predefined test cases. They test the application in
real-time, designing tests as they go based on what they discover. This
approach relies on the tester's intuition and creativity to find
unexpected issues. It’s useful when time is short or for uncovering
hidden problems in complex applications.

Q9-Explain stress testing, load testing and volume testing ?

ANS-Stress Testing: Checks how the software behaves under extreme
conditions, like very high traffic or heavy data usage, to see if it
crashes.
Load Testing: Tests how the software performs under normal but high
usage, like many users at the same time, to ensure it works smoothly.
Volume Testing: Tests the software by inputting a large amount of data to
see if it can handle it without slowing down or failing.

Q10-What is the difference between TDD vs BDD ?

ANS-TDD (Test-Driven Development): First, you write tests, then you write
code to make those tests pass. It’s all about checking if the code works
correctly.
BDD scenarios describe how the software should behave from the user’s
perspective, making it easier to ensure the product meets user needs.

Q11-What is Data-driven Testing

ANS- IT is a method where the same test is run multiple times with
different sets of input data. Instead of writing separate tests for each
data set, you store the data (like in a spreadsheet or database) and use
it to run the same test with different values. This helps save time and
effort by testing the software with various inputs to check if it behaves
correctly in all cases.

Q12-What is performance testing?

ANS-is a type of testing that checks how well a software application
performs under different conditions, such as heavy user load or large
amounts of data. The goal is to ensure the software works efficiently,
without slowing down or crashing.

Q13-What is accessibility testing?

ANS-Accessibility testing is the process of checking if a software
application or website can be used by people with disabilities. It
ensures that the app is easy to navigate and interact with for users who
may have visual, hearing, or motor impairments. This testing checks
things like screen reader compatibility, keyboard navigation, and color
contrast to make sure everyone can access the content and features.

Q14-Compare black-box testing vs white-box testing

ANS-BLACK BOX-Focuses on testing the functionality of the software
without knowing its internal code or structure.
Testers check if the software works as expected based on inputs and
outputs.
It's like testing a car by driving it without knowing how the engine
works.
White-box Testing: Focuses on testing the internal code and logic of the
software.
Testers need to understand how the code works and test it for issues like
logic errors or security vulnerabilities.
It’s like checking the car's engine to make sure all parts are working
correctly.
Q15-How do you perform visual testing?
ANS-Manually check the design to make sure everything looks right—like
buttons, text, and images are in the right place and the colors are
correct.
Use tools like Applitools or Selenium to automatically take screenshots
of the page and compare them with a correct version to spot any
differences.
Test on different devices and browsers to make sure the app looks good
everywhere—on phones, tablets, and desktops, and across Chrome, Firefox,
etc.

Q16-How do you prioritize test cases for execution?

ANS-Test Important Features First: Focus on the key parts of the app that
users rely on the most, like login or payments.
Risky Areas Next: Test parts that are most likely to have problems or
could cause big issues if they fail.
Frequently Used Features: Prioritize features that users will use the
most.
Re-test Fixes: Make sure areas that had bugs before are checked again to
confirm they’re fixed.
Check Edge Cases: Test unusual scenarios, like extreme values or special
characters, to prevent unexpected errors.

Q17-What are the key components of a good test case

ANS-Know when manual or automated testing would be best.
Use appropriate design method .
Test cases should be designed to be scalable and reusable.
Each test case should have a unique identifier or name .
Tests should run on environments that end-users use the most.
QA testers should design independent test cases, so that the execution of
one test case does not impact the results of another.

Q18-What are defect triage meetings?

ANS-Defect triage meetings are meetings where the team discusses and
prioritizes defects or bugs found in the software.The goal is to ensure
that the most critical bugs are fixed first and that everyone knows which
issues need attention.

Q19-Can you provide an example of a particularly challenging

defect you have identified and resolved in your previous
projects?
ANS-Defect:
In one of my previous projects, while testing a ride-hailing app, I found
an issue where the user was unable to complete a booking after entering
payment details. The issue was intermittent—sometimes it worked, and
sometimes it didn't—making it hard to reproduce.
Resolution:
To resolve this, I followed these steps:
Reproduced the Issue: I tested it multiple times, focusing on different
devices and network conditions. I found it happened more often on slower
networks.
Isolated the Cause: I investigated the app’s API calls and found that the
payment gateway response time increased under low network speeds.
Collaboration: I worked with the backend team, and we identified that a
timeout setting in the payment API was too short, causing failures on
slower connections.
Fix and Verification: The backend team increased the timeout duration. I
retested the issue under various network speeds, and the problem was
resolved.

Q20-What is your approach to identifying and reporting defects

ANS-My approach to identifying and reporting defects is simple:
Identify the Issue: I first try to reproduce the problem by following the
steps that caused it. I check for things like incorrect behavior,
crashes, or missing functionality.
Analyze the Defect: Once I find the defect, I figure out what caused it
(e.g., wrong input, coding issue, etc.) and check if it’s a repeatable
problem.
Document the Defect: I write a clear and detailed description of the
defect, including:
Steps to reproduce it :
Expected behavior vs. actual behavior
Screenshots or logs if necessary
Report the Defect: I log the defect in the bug tracking tool (like Jira),
set its priority (low, medium, high), and assign it to the right person
to fix.
Follow Up: I check if the defect is fixed and retest it to make sure the
issue is resolved.

Q21-How do you measure the effectiveness of your testing

efforts?
ANS-To measure the effectiveness of my testing, I look at:
Defects Found: I check how many bugs I found before the software was
released. More bugs found means better testing.
Test Coverage: I see if I tested all important parts of the app,
including edge cases.
Test Pass Rate: I track how many tests passed. If most tests pass, the
software is likely good.
Bugs After Release: I check how many bugs users find after release. Fewer
bugs after release means good testing.
Testing Speed: I look at how quickly I can run tests, especially if
automated tests are used.

Q22-What are test management tools?

ANS-Test management tools are used by testing teams to manage and
organize their testing activities.

Q23-How do you manage your QA team?

ANS-Clear Communication: I make sure everyone understands their tasks,
deadlines, and the project goals through regular meetings and updates.
Task Assignment: I assign tasks based on team members’ strengths and
expertise, ensuring they are manageable and achievable.
Support and Training: I provide guidance, answer questions, and help team
members if they face challenges. I also ensure they have the training or
tools they need to succeed.
Regular Monitoring: I check the progress of the tasks, make adjustments
if needed, and ensure we stay on track.
Motivation: I encourage and recognize the team's hard work to keep morale
high and motivate them to do their best.

Q24-What are your key strengths? Also, share a weakness and

explain how you plan to address it?
ANS-Key Strengths:
Attention to Detail: I’m very careful in my testing, which helps me catch
even small bugs that might be missed.
Problem-Solving: I enjoy figuring out the cause of issues and finding
solutions, which helps fix problems quickly.
Collaboration: I work well with developers and other team members,
ensuring smooth communication and efficient work.
Time Management: I’m good at managing my time and ensuring tasks are
completed on schedule, even under tight deadlines.
Weakness:
Sometimes, I tend to take on too many tasks myself to ensure they’re done
right. This can make it hard to delegate.
Plan to Address It:
I’m working on trusting my team more and improving delegation. By
assigning tasks based on strengths, I can focus on higher-level
priorities and help my team grow.

Q25-Why are you interested in this position?

ANS-I’m interested in this position because it aligns with both my skills
and my career goals. I have experience in testing and managing QA teams,
and I enjoy finding and solving problems to ensure high-quality products.
This position offers the opportunity to work on challenging projects,
improve processes, and collaborate with a talented team. I’m excited
about the chance to contribute to the success of the company while
continuing to grow my skills in an environment that values innovation and
quality.

Q26-What is your ideal job?

ANS-My ideal job is one where I can use my skills in testing and problem-
solving to help make great software. I want to work in a team, lead when
needed, and keep improving how we test things. I also want a job where I
can keep learning new tools and grow my skills while making a real impact
on the product.

Q27-Describe yourself using three adjectives?

ABS-I would describe myself as focused, team-oriented, and Motivated.

Q28-Why should we hire you as a QA tester/QA analyst/QA manager?

ANS-You should hire me because I bring a strong attention to detail, a
passion for problem-solving, and excellent teamwork skills. I am
dedicated to ensuring high-quality software by thoroughly testing and
identifying issues early. I also have the ability to adapt to new tools
and technologies quickly, making me a valuable asset to your team. With
my experience and drive to improve processes, I can contribute to
delivering top-notch products while helping your team succeed.

Q29-What type of work environment do you prefer?

ANS- I prefer a collaborative and supportive work environment where open
communication is encouraged.

Q30-Who has influenced your career the most?

ANS-My brother has influenced my career the most. He has always been a
source of guidance and motivation, providing valuable advice on how to
approach challenges and improve my skills. His support helped me focus on
my strengths and encouraged me to keep learning and growing in my field.

Q31-What brought you to a career in QA?

ANS-I was drawn to a career in QA because I have always enjoyed problem-
solving and paying attention to detail. I realized that testing is a
crucial part of ensuring software works correctly and meets user
expectations. The idea of finding bugs, improving the user experience,
and contributing to the success of a product excited me. Additionally, I
enjoy working with teams to help deliver high-quality software, which
motivated me to pursue a career in QA.

Q32-What are some current QA technology advancements or updates

that you know?
ANS-AI-Powered Testing: Tools are using Artificial Intelligence to make
testing faster by automating tasks like checking for bugs and predicting
where problems might happen.
Risk-Based Testing: Instead of testing everything, QA teams are focusing
more on testing the features that could cause the most problems, saving
time and effort
QA and DevOps Integration: QA is working closely with developers in
continuous testing, meaning software is tested all the time as it’s being
built, speeding up delivery.
Robotic Process Automation (RPA): RPA automates simple, repetitive tasks,
so QA teams can focus on more important and complex testing.
Cloud Performance Testing: Testing is now being done to ensure that
cloud-based apps perform well, even under heavy use, and that they can
scale as needed.