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Wireless and Mobile Computing Important

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13 views4 pages

Wireless and Mobile Computing Important

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aiworkonly0324
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Wireless and Mobile Computing

IMPORTANT TOPICS DEC-2024


7TH SEM EXAM

Unit 1: Review of Traditional Networks

1. IP Addressing and Subnetting

- IP Datagram Format: Consists of header (source and destination addresses) and data.

- Subnetting: Dividing a network into smaller sub-networks.

- Supernetting: Combining multiple networks into a single network.

- CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing): Allows efficient allocation of IP addresses.

2. NAT (Network Address Translation)

- SNAT (Source NAT): Changes the source IP in packets leaving the network.

- DNAT (Destination NAT): Changes the destination IP in packets entering the network.

- NAT and Firewalls: NAT enhances security by hiding internal network structure.

3. VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks)

- Types: Port-based, MAC-based, Protocol-based VLANs.

- Comparison: VLANs segregate traffic logically without physical boundaries.

4. IPv6

- Address Structure: 128-bit addressing scheme.

- Address Space: Supports trillions of unique addresses.

- Header: Simplified header structure for faster processing.

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Unit 2: Traditional Routing and Transport

1. Routing Protocols

- BGP (Border Gateway Protocol): Handles routing between autonomous systems.

- Types of messages: OPEN, UPDATE, KEEPALIVE, NOTIFICATION.

- RIP (Routing Information Protocol): Distance-vector protocol using hop count.

- OSPF (Open Shortest Path First): Link-state protocol using cost as a metric.

2. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)

- Three-Way Handshake: Connection establishment process (SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK).

- Flow Control: Adjusts data flow to avoid congestion.

- Timeout and Retransmission Algorithms: Ensures reliable data delivery.

- Examples: Tahoe, Reno, Sack (improvements in loss recovery).

3. UDP (User Datagram Protocol)

- Message Encapsulation: Lightweight, connectionless protocol.

- Pseudo Header: Helps in checksum computation.

Unit 3: Wireless LAN and Mobile IP

1. Wireless LAN (WLAN)

- Transmission Medium: Radio waves or infrared.

- MAC Problems: Hidden terminal, exposed terminal issues.

- IEEE 802.11:

- System Architecture: Includes APs, clients, and a distribution system.

- Protocol Architecture: Divided into physical and MAC layers.

- Power Management: Devices enter sleep mode to save energy.


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- Security: Uses WEP, WPA, WPA2.

2. Mobile IP

- Goals: Allow devices to move without changing IP.

- Agent Advertisement and Discovery: Enables mobile devices to find agents.

- Tunneling Techniques: Encapsulation for delivering packets to mobile devices.

3. Ad Hoc Network Routing

- Ad Hoc vs. Traditional IP Routing: Ad hoc is dynamic and decentralized.

- Routing Protocols: Examples include OADV, DSDV, DSR, ZRP.

Unit 4: Mobile Transport Layer and Cellular Networks

1. Mobile Transport Protocols

- I-TCP (Indirect TCP): Splits the connection between wired and wireless parts.

- S-TCP (Split TCP): Optimized for wireless environments.

- M-TCP (Mobile TCP): Maintains end-to-end semantics with low energy consumption.

2. Cellular Networks

- GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications):

- Services: Voice, SMS, data.

- System Architecture: BTS, BSC, MSC components.

- Handover: Switching calls between cells.

- Roaming: Connecting to foreign networks.

Unit 5: Mobile Device Operating Systems and M-Commerce


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1. Mobile Operating Systems

- Constraints: Limited resources, battery, and processing power.

- Examples: iOS, Android.

2. M-Commerce

- Structure: Includes mobile devices, apps, payment gateways.

- Advantages: Convenience, accessibility.

- Disadvantages: Security, privacy issues.

- Mobile Payment Systems: Digital wallets, QR codes.

- Security Issues: Encryption, authentication, fraud detection.

Suggested Strategy:

• Prioritize Unit 3 (Wireless LAN, Mobile IP) and Unit 4 (Mobile Transport, GSM) as they are core
to wireless and mobile computing.
• Spend some time on basic concepts from Unit 1 (IP addressing, NAT) and Unit 2 (TCP/UDP).
• Quickly review Unit 5, focusing on Mobile OS and M-Commerce security.

Focus on these key topics to efficiently prepare for your Wireless and Mobile Computing exam.

Good luck!

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