Accelerated Pre-Calculus UI] Worksheet E- Counting Principle, Permutations & Combinations Determine whether you need fo use PERMUTATION OR COMBINATION on the following problems. Then tell me the possible number of outcomes 1. How many ways can you choose 3 pictures out of a group of § to arrange in a row on your wall? My friend has 8 photographs taken at the football game. She says | can have 4 of them. How many different sets could | select? Ihave 5 very close friends. Mom says that I can take 2 of them with us to the movie tonight. How many different ways can | make my selections? How many ways can you choose 4 different trees out of a group of 7 to plant in a row beside the street? How many ways can you choose 3 different letters from the alphabet to arange on a car tag? If there are 12 different pizza toppings, how many different 3 topping pizzas can | order? toppings? Itopping? What about | or 2 or 3 toppings?The following can either be a PERMUTATION, a COMBINATION or use the basic COUNTING PRINCIPLE: 7) Amenu has 3 choices for salad, 5 main dishes, and 2 desserts. If you select a salad, a main dish, and a dessert, how many different meals can you have? 8) Assuming that no questions are left unanswered, in how many ways can a six-question true or false test be answered? 9) You are going to rent 3 movies from the Redbox. There are 80 files available. How many different sets of movies can you rent? 10) Out of the 250 person freshman class, 5 students will be randomly selected to serve on a committee that informs Mr. Lewis of school improvement plans. How many committees of § students exist? 11) In how many ways can the letters A, B, C, D, E, and F be arranged for a six letter security code? 12) A horse race has 10 entries. Assuming there are no ties, in how many different ways can these horses finish Ist, 22, and 3% 13) The access code for a car's security system consists of 4 digits. The first digit cannot be 0, and the last digit MUST be odd. How many different codes are available (numbers CAN repeat]? 14) From a group of 40 people, a jury of 12 people is selected. In how many different ways can the jury be selected? 15) How many permutations are there of the word GEOMETRY? 16) Calculate the following a. oP2* «Co c. 9! a b. 7Ps*sPs azAccelerated Pre-Calculus UI] Worksheet F- Quiz Review Identity the following as a PERMUTATION or a COMBINATION: 1. There are 18 seniors in Beta Club. How many ways are there to select a group of 4 students to attend the conference? Combination Permutation 2. There are 20 students auditioning for the school play. How many ways are there fo select a lead and an understudy for the main role? Combination Permutation 3._Mrs. Overby is going to make a seating chart in her 1 period. How many different ways can she arrange the 21 students into desks? Combination Permutation Evaluate the followin: 4, oP2* Ca 5. 6 12s * sPo Use the basic counting principle, permutations, or combinations to answer the following problems: 7. The local Family Restaurant has a daily breakfast special in which the customer may choose ‘one item from each of the following groups: Breakfast Sandwich ‘Accompaniments Juice Egg and ham Breakfast potatoes Orange Egg and bacon Apple slices Cranberry Egg and cheese Fresh fruit cup Tomato Pastry Apple Grape a) How many different breakfast specials are possible? b) How many different breakfast specials without meat are pos8. To complete a quiz. you must answer 3 questions from a list of 6. In how many ways can you complete the quiz? 9. You are framing a picture. The frames are available in 8 different styles. Each style is available in 24 different colors. You also have a choice of 32 different colors for the mat board. How many different ways could you frame your picture? 10. You must order 3 side items from a menu of 10. In how many ways can you complete your order? 11, You arrange 4 vases on a shelf from a selection of 8. How many different ways can you arrange them? 12. Twelve students are applying for a scholarship. 4) IFall winners receive the same amount, how many different sets of 4 students can be awarded the scholarship? b) If the first award is $3000, the second award $2000, the third award $1500, and the fourth award $1000, how many different ways can four students be awarded the scholarship? 13. How many different permutations are there of the word MATH? 14, How many different permutations are there of the word STATISTICS?15. 16, 17. 18. Amath teacher gave her class two tests. 25% of the class passed both tests and 42% of the class passed the first test. What percent of those who passed the first test also passed the second test? Ajar contains black and white marbles. Two marbles are chosen without replacement. The probability of selecting a black marble and then a white marble is 0.34, and the probability of selecting a black marble on the first draw is 0.47. What is the probability of selecting a white marble on the second draw, given that the first marble drawn was black? The probability that itis Friday and that a student is absent is 0.03. Since there are 5 school days in a week, the probability that it is Friday is 0.2. What is the probability that a student is absent given that today is Friday? At Kennedy Middle School, the probability that a student takes Technology and Spanish is 0.087. The probability that a student takes Technology is 0.68. What is the probability that a student takes Spanish given that the student is taking Technology?Accelerated Pre-Calculus UI] Worksheet - Binomial Probability How to tellif it's Binomial? It’s a SNAP: $: Success/Failure N: Number of Trials (fixed) A: Allindependent (trials) P: Probability of Success (equal) A binomial experiment has n independent trials with } for each trial. The probability for success is the same for each The probability of exactly k successes in n trials is P(k successes) = C,p* (1 — py" possible outcomes ( A binomial distribution shows the of the outcomes of a experiment. Breaking down the formula: ke n-k nCxP* (1 — p) n: k: P: (-p): 1) A husband and wife want to have 6 kids. Girls and boys are equally likely. What is the probability of the couple having more than 4 girls? 2) A couple uses ferility drugs in increase their chances of having git from 0.5 to 0.58. Instead of 6 kids they decide to have 4, and want to know the probability of having at least one girl3) You are taking a quiz for a math class. The quiz consists of 5 questions and is multiple choice with 4 Possible answers each. A student randomly guesses on all 5 questions. a] Whatis the probability that the student gets a 60% or better? b) What is the probability that the student gets and 80% or better? ¢) What is the probability of a the student making below a 60% 4) An Olympic archer is able to hit the bull's-eye 80% of the time. Assume that each shot is independent of the others. If she shoots 6 arrows, what is the probability of each result below? ] She gets exactly 4 bull's-eyes. b) She gets at most 4 bull's-eyes. Cc} She gets at least 4 bull’s-eyes, ] She misses the bull’s-eye at least once. 5) Assume that 13% of people are left-handed. If we randomly select 12 people from this population, 4] what is the probability that they are not all right-handed? b) what is the probability that there are no more than 10 righties? Cc) what is the probability that there are exactly 6 of each? d) what is the probability that the majority is right-handed?6) Awildlife biologist examines ducks for a genetic trait he suspects may be linked to sensitivity to industrial toxins in the environment. Previous research had established that this trait is found in one of every 8 ducks. He collects and examines a dozen ducks. If the frequency of the trait has not changed, what is the probability he finds the trait in a] none of the ducks? b) at least 2 ducks? ¢) 3 or 4 ducks d) no more than 4 ducks 7) Anewly hired telemarketer is told he will probably make a sale on about 12% of his phone calls. The first week he called 200 people, but only made 10 sales. Should he suspect he was misled about the true success rate? Explain. 8) Aniline, believing that 5% of passengers fail to show up for flights, overbooks (sell more tickets than there are seats). Suppose a plane will hold 265 passengers, and the ailine sells 275 seats What's the probability that the airline will not have enough seats so someone gets bumped? 9) Amanufacturing process produces, on average, 3% defective items. The company ships 12 items in each box and wishes to guarantee no more than one defective item per box. What is the probability that the box will fail to satisfy the guarantee?10) A pharmaceutical lab claims that a drug it produces causes serious side effects in 20 out of every 1000 people on average. To check this claim, a hospital administers the drug to 15 randomly selected patients and finds that 3 suffer serious side effects. If the lab's claims are correct, what is the probability of the hospital obtaining the results it did? 11) A manufacturing process produces on average 5 defective items out of 100. To control quality, a random sample of 60 completed items is selected each day and inspected. ) Does the inspection constitute a binomial random variable? Explain. b) What is the probability that at most two are defected? c] How many defective items should the inspector expect to find? Given the number of trials and the probability of success, determine the probability indicated. 12) n= 12, p = 0.2, find P(2 successes) 13) n= 10, p = 0.4, find P(1 success} 14) n = 20, p = 0.5, find P(10 successes} 15) n= 11, p =0.05, find P(3 failures) .35, find Plat least 3 successes) 17) n= 100, p = 0.01, find P(no more than 3 successes}18) Approximately 3% of the eggs in a store are cracked. If you buy two dozen eggs, what is the probability that: a) none of your eggs are cracked b) at least one of your eggs is cracked c] exactly 2 of your eggs is cracked 19) A pair of dice is rolled 20 times. What is the probability that a sum of 5 is rolled: a) exactly 6 times? b) atleast 4 times? Cc} at most 5 times? 20) The probability that Tim will sink a foul shot is 70%. If Tim attempts 30 foul shots, what is the probability that: a) he sinks exactly 21 shots bb) he sinks at least 21 shots Cc) he sinks at most 21 shots d) he sinks between 18 and 20 shots, inclusive. 21) A multiple-choice test is given with five choices for each of 25 questions. Suppose the testis answered by guessing. ) What is the random variable X defined to be? b) What is the probability of getting at least 10 questions comect? c) What is the expected number of questions answered correctly by guessing?