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L-1 - Matrices and Determinants

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21 views17 pages

L-1 - Matrices and Determinants

Uploaded by

mokshprajapati2541
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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#Maths

What is a Matrix?

A set of (m×n) numbers arranged in the form of an ordered


set of m rows and n columns is called m × n matrix.

A = [aij]mxn where aij represents the element at the


intersection of ith row and jth column.
Construct 2 x 3 matrix A, whose elements are given by
A matrix has 12 elements. What are the possible orders it can have?

A. 4 B. 6 C. 24 D. 12
Types of Matrices
Types of Matrices

Square Matrix:
A matrix in which the number of rows is equal to the number of column.

Example:
Types of Matrices

Horizontal Matrix:
Matrix in which number of columns are more than number of rows.

Example:
Types of Matrices

Vertical Matrix:
Matrix in which number of rows are more than number of columns.

Example:
Types of Matrices

Row Matrix:
A matrix having only one row is called a row matrix.

Example:
Types of Matrices

Column Matrix:
A matrix having only one column is called a column matrix.

Example:
Types of Matrices

Diagonal Matrix:

A square matrix A = [aij]n×n is called a diagonal matrix if aij = 0 for all i ≠ j

A diagonal matrix of order n×n having d1, d2, ... dn as diagonal elements is denoted by
diag [d1, d2, ... , dn]

Example:
Types of Matrices

Scalar Matrix:
A diagonal matrix in which all the diagonal elements are equal.

Example:
Types of Matrices

Identity or Unit Matrix:


A diagonal Matrix in which all diagonal elements are equal to one.

The identity matrix of order n is denoted by In .

Example:
Types of Matrices

Null Matrix:
A matrix whose all elements are zero is called a null matrix or a zero matrix.

Example:
Types of Matrices

Upper Triangular Matrix:


A square matrix A = [aij] is called an upper triangular matrix if aij = 0 for all i > j.

Example:
Types of Matrices

Lower Triangular Matrix:


A square matrix A = [aij] is called a lower triangular matrix if aij = 0 for all i < j.

Example:
Find the minimum number of zeros in an upper triangular matrix
of order 10x10.
A. 100 B. 50 C. 55 D. 45

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