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Exam
Name___________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
2) Which is the approach to take in the short-run when considering the most efficient sales mix where 2)
there is a limiting factor?
A) the sales price per unit for each alternative
B) a comparison of the contribution margin per limiting factor for each alternative
C) a comparison of the contribution margin for each alternative
D) remove the limiting factor
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
3) If total costs are $20,000 at an output of 1000 units and $35,000 at an output of 2,500 units, and 3)
variable costs are $10 per unit, total fixed costs are:
A) $25,000 B) $10,000 C) $20,000 D) $15,000
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
4) Eagle Co sells T-shirts. If the sales price per shirt is $10, the variable production costs are $3.50 per 4)
shirt and the fixed costs are $22,000 p.a., calculate the break-even point in sales dollars.
A) $6,286 B) $33,846 C) $3,385 D) $62,857
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
1
5) Variable costs per unit are also known as: 5)
A) break-even costs. B) activity costs.
C) semi-variable costs. D) marginal costs.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Sales Extraordinaire sells one particular photo frame. It estimates that it can sell as many frames as it produces.
Sales price per unit $5.00
Variable cost per unit $2.00
Fixed costs per annum $9,000
8) Refer to the table above. Increasing the sales price to $6.00 and having a sales volume of 3,000 8)
photo frames would result in:
A) breaking even. B) a loss of $1,000.
C) a profit of $3,000. D) a profit of $1,000.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
9) If total costs are $80,000 at an output of 12,000 units and $95,000 at 15,000 units, fixed costs are: 9)
A) $20,000 B) $15,000 C) $5,000 D) $10,000
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
2
10) Semi-fixed costs are best defined as: 10)
A) costs ignored in cost-volume-profit analysis.
B) varying over time.
C) having both fixed and variable elements.
D) none of the above.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
11) Pretty Dolls Pty Ltd usually sells 30,000 dolls per annum. This year they have excess stock of 10,000 11)
dolls; they usually retail the dolls at $35 per unit. Their variable cost per unit is $20 and their annual
fixed costs are $30,000. They have received 'a one-time-only expression of interest' from an
overseas retail chain to purchase 7,500 units at $29 per unit. What would be the best advice you
could provide to Pretty Dolls?
A) Do not accept the offer, as the variable cost plus the fixed costs per unit amounts to $30 per
unit.
B) Do not accept the order, as it is not worthwhile pursuing 'a one-time-only expression of
interest'.
C) Do not accept the offer, as a loss will be incurred.
D) Accept the offer, as it will lead to a $9 per unit contribution to fixed costs.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
13) If the sales output of a firm increases, what will be the impact on the break-even point? 13)
A) no change B) increase
C) reduce D) equal the margin of safety
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
3
14) Which of these is a limitation in applying break-even analysis? 14)
A) multi-product businesses
B) stepped fixed costs
C) the possibility of non-linear relationships
D) all of the above
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
15) Screen Saver Industries has spare production capacity due to the cancellation of a customer order. 15)
An overseas retail chain has offered the business an order for 300 units at a price of $25 each. The
variable cost of the units is $20 each and the fixed costs are $3 per unit. What will be the impact on
Screen Saver's profit if the special order is accepted?
A) $1,500 decrease B) $600 increase
C) $1,500 increase D) $600 decrease
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
16) A business makes three different products, the details of which follow: 16)
Product code A1 A2 A3
Selling price $50 $46 $40
Variable cost $20 $24 $16
Weekly demand (units) 50 40 60
Machine time per unit 4 hours 4 hours 6 hours
The maximum machine time available is 350 hours per week. How many machine hours should be
spent manufacturing product A3?
A) 35 machine hours B) 120 machine hours
C) none D) 240 machine hours
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
4
Use the information below to answer the following questions.
Computer Expertise Ltd provides three services, the details for which are as follows:
Basic Secretarial Expert
Sales price per unit $20 $30 $50
Variable cost per unit $10 $12 $15
(paper, transport, etc.)
Labour time per unit 1 hour 2 hours 5 hours
Annual fixed costs $20,000
The demand for all services is unlimited. The ability to provide each service is limited by the availability of qualified staff
and therefore the labour time available.
17) Refer to the table above. Which product is the most profitable? 17)
A) expert, because it has the highest sales price
B) expert, because it has the highest contribution margin
C) basic, because it provides the highest dollar contribution per labour hour.
D) secretarial, because it is the most pleasurable for staff
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Travel Made Easy Ltd provides three services: International travel, Interstate travel, and Holiday Packages. The results for
the year were as follows:
International Interstate Packages Total
Revenue $200,000 $200,000 $100,000 $500,000
Variable costs 50,000 60,000 40,000 50,000
Contribution 150,000 140,000 60,000 350,000
Fixed costs 90,000 90,000 90,000 270,000
Net Profit $60,000 $50,000 ($30,000) $80,000
The fixed costs have been shared equally between the three functions.
18) Refer to the table above. Assume that Travel Made Easy can sublet the space occupied by the 18)
Holiday Packages staff for $50,000 per annum. The best advice to management is:
A) close the service and save $40,000.
B) do not close the service, because profit would decrease by $40,000.
C) do not close the service, because profit would decrease by $10,000.
D) close the service, and the business would make a profit of $130,000.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
5
19) Relevant costs for decision-making are those costs that: 19)
A) are the same for all alternatives. B) vary between alternatives.
C) represent fixed costs only. D) none of the above
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
21) Where several products are produced and there is a scarce factor, the rule for deciding on the 21)
optimum product mix is:
A) produce equal quantities of all products.
B) produce as much as can be sold of the product with the highest contribution margin per unit
of scarce factor and use any remaining resource to produce the product with the next highest
contribution margin per unit of scarce factor etc.
C) produce only the product with the highest contribution margin.
D) produce only the product with the highest contribution margin per unit of scarce factor.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
22) The term 'relevant range', as used in break-even analysis, means the range: 22)
A) over which costs are relevant.
B) over which the firm has a margin of safety.
C) where the firm will break even.
D) of activity within which an entity would normally operate.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
6
23) Which organisation is more likely to be highly operationally geared? 23)
A) internet service provider B) takeaway food outlet
C) hairdresser D) vehicle manufacturer
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
26) On a profit-volume chart, the output where the graph line crosses the axis is the output where: 26)
A) profit equals zero. B) the firm breaks even.
C) fixed costs are zero. D) both A and B
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
7
Use the information below to answer the following questions.
Unique Tables manufactures coffee tables made of recycled timber. Market research has suggested that there will be strong
demand for the tables. Due to this, management is debating whether to lease a new turning machine to meet increased
production needs. To assist in their decision-making, the management accountant has supplied the following information:
Without With
turning machine turning machine
Expected level of sales 1,500 units 1,500 units
Sales price per unit $150 $150
Variable costs per unit $120 $110
Fixed costs $7,500 $15,000
27) Refer to the table above. At the current level of sales, which of the following results are achieved? 27)
A) without the turning machine profit of $30,000; with the turning machine profit of $22,500
B) without the turning machine profit of $37,500; with the turning machine profit of $45,000
C) without the turning machine profit of $45,000; with the turning machine profit of $52,500
D) none of the above
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
28) Management may justifiably hesitate to close a service because of: 28)
A) emotional attachment to providing the service.
B) closing one service may lead to a decline in the demand of other services.
C) the loss made in providing one service can be compensated by the profit made by providing
other services.
D) all of the above.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
29) Xon Company needs 1,000 components for one of its products. It can subcontract production of the 29)
components to the Eon Company for $40 each. Xon Company can produce the components
internally for a total variable cost of $30 per component and has spare capacity. What will be the
impact on Xon's profit if Eon's offer is accepted?
A) $1,000 decrease B) $10,000 decrease
C) $1,000 increase D) $10,000 increase
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
8
30) A marginal analysis of two or more possible courses of action takes into account: 30)
A) only the fixed costs involved in each course of action.
B) only the costs that vary with each course of action.
C) all of the costs involved in each course of action.
D) all the revenue received from each course of action.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
32) Sales revenue per unit less variable costs per unit is known as: 32)
A) direct cost. B) avoidable cost.
C) contribution per unit. D) all of the above.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
34) Management's concern about 'scarce resources' is primarily due to: 34)
A) social and environmental reasons.
B) the desire to maximise total revenue.
C) the desire to minimise total costs.
D) the desire to make the most efficient use of scarce resources.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
9
35) For short-run decisions, which costs can normally be deemed to be irrelevant? 35)
A) fixed costs B) total costs C) variable costs D) relevant costs
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Computer Expertise Ltd provides three services, the details for which are as follows:
Basic Secretarial Expert
Sales price per unit $20 $30 $50
Variable cost per unit $10 $12 $15
(paper, transport, etc.)
Labour time per unit 1 hour 2 hours 5 hours
Annual fixed costs $20,000
The demand for all services is unlimited. The ability to provide each service is limited by the availability of qualified staff
and therefore the labour time available.
36) Refer to the table above. The demand for the Secretarial service is very strong, however Computer 36)
Expertise does not have sufficient labour hours available to meet the demand. An employment
agency is able to supply qualified staff to provide the Secretarial service. What is the maximum
price Computer Expertise should be prepared to pay per hour for agency staff?
A) $12 B) $18 C) $30 D) $9
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
37) In which of these short-term decision areas are fixed costs generally irrelevant? 37)
A) accepting or rejecting a special order B) closing a department
C) make or buy decisions D) all of the above
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
10
Use the information below to answer the following questions.
Travel Made Easy Ltd provides three services: International travel, Interstate travel, and Holiday Packages. The results for
the year were as follows:
International Interstate Packages Total
Revenue $200,000 $200,000 $100,000 $500,000
Variable costs 50,000 60,000 40,000 50,000
Contribution 150,000 140,000 60,000 350,000
Fixed costs 90,000 90,000 90,000 270,000
Net Profit $60,000 $50,000 ($30,000) $80,000
The fixed costs have been shared equally between the three functions.
38) Refer to the table above. Travel Made Easy supplies you with the following additional information. 38)
The fixed costs consist of $180,000 in rental and $90,000 in utilities and insurance. The floor space
occupied by Holiday Packages staff is 15% of the total area and the remainder is shared equally by
the other two services. All three services contribute equally to the utilities and insurance expense.
Allocating fixed costs based on this information, the profit or loss of the Holiday Packages service
would be:
A) a loss of $30,000. B) a profit of $30,000.
C) a loss of $3,000. D) a profit of $3,000.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Sales Extraordinaire sells one particular photo frame. It estimates that it can sell as many frames as it produces.
Sales price per unit $5.00
Variable cost per unit $2.00
Fixed costs per annum $9,000
39) Refer to the table above. The sale of 5,000 photo frames would result in: 39)
A) a loss of $3,000. B) a loss of $2,000.
C) a profit of $6,000. D) a profit of $5,000.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
11
Use the information below to answer the following questions.
Unique Tables manufactures coffee tables made of recycled timber. Market research has suggested that there will be strong
demand for the tables. Due to this, management is debating whether to lease a new turning machine to meet increased
production needs. To assist in their decision-making, the management accountant has supplied the following information:
Without With
turning machine turning machine
Expected level of sales 1,500 units 1,500 units
Sales price per unit $150 $150
Variable costs per unit $120 $110
Fixed costs $7,500 $15,000
40) Refer to the table above. The operating gearing for Unique Tables is: 40)
A) higher without the turning machine. B) insignificant.
C) equal in both cases. D) higher with the turning machine.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
41) A business may prefer to make a product that it could subcontract out at a cheaper price because: 41)
A) by subcontracting, the business may find that supply is less reliable.
B) it may be concerned that having gained its business, the subcontractor could increase the
price charged.
C) by subcontracting, the business may lose control over quality.
D) all of the above
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
42) The vertical axes on a break-even chart and a profit-volume chart respectively, are: 42)
A) profit; sales revenue and costs. B) fixed costs; sales revenue.
C) volume of output; volume of output. D) sales revenue and costs; profit.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
43) Which method can be used to separate semi-variable costs into their fixed and variable 43)
components?
A) the line of best fit B) high-low method
C) linear regression method D) all of the above methods
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
12
44) High operating gearing refers to: 44)
A) an activity with relatively high fixed costs compared with its variable costs.
B) an activity with fixed costs equal to its variable costs.
C) an activity with relatively high variable costs compared with its fixed costs.
D) an activity with relatively low fixed costs compared with its variable costs.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
47) Which of these is not a relevant qualitative factor in deciding to outsource a product rather than 47)
continue making it?
A) the quality of other products
B) loss of in-house expertise and specialisation
C) the reliability of supply
D) loss of control over quality
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
13
48) Variable costs are represented graphically as: 48)
A) the intersection of total costs and total revenue lines.
B) starting at zero and increasing in a straight line as activity increases.
C) starting at a given point and increasing in a straight line as activity increases.
D) a horizontal line, staying the same irrespective of the level of activity.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
49) If sales revenue totals $84,000, selling price is $6 per unit, variable costs are $2.50 per unit and fixed 49)
costs are $48,000 per annum, the profit that will be earned is:
A) $5,600 B) $19,200 C) $13,714 D) $1,000
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Travel Made Easy Ltd provides three services: International travel, Interstate travel, and Holiday Packages. The results for
the year were as follows:
International Interstate Packages Total
Revenue $200,000 $200,000 $100,000 $500,000
Variable costs 50,000 60,000 40,000 50,000
Contribution 150,000 140,000 60,000 350,000
Fixed costs 90,000 90,000 90,000 270,000
Net Profit $60,000 $50,000 ($30,000) $80,000
The fixed costs have been shared equally between the three functions.
50) Refer to the table above. Management is contemplating closing the Holiday Packages service; this 50)
would involve a cost saving of $40,000 per annum, namely the variable costs. The fixed costs are
not expected to change. The best advice to management is:
A) do not close the service, because profit would decrease by $90,000.
B) close the service, and the business would make a profit of $110,000.
C) close the service and save $40,000.
D) do not close the service, because profit would decrease by $60,000.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
14
51) Information necessary for decision-making includes: 51)
A) qualitative information only.
B) quantitative information only.
C) both quantitative and qualitative information.
D) information reported in financial reports only.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
52) Flower Art has increased its selling price to $25. All other costs remain constant (variable costs $15 52)
per pot and fixed costs $40,000). The number of pots that have to be sold to break even is:
A) 7,000 pots. B) 5,000 pots. C) 4,000 pots. D) 6,000 pots.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
Sales Extraordinaire sells one particular photo frame. It estimates that it can sell as many frames as it produces.
Sales price per unit $5.00
Variable cost per unit $2.00
Fixed costs per annum $9,000
53) Refer to the table above. The break-even point in units is: 53)
A) 3,000 B) 1,800 C) 5,500 D) 1,285
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
54) L Ltd can subcontract out the manufacture of one of its components at $18 each. The business can 54)
produce the component internally for a total cost of $19, including the allocation of fixed costs at $5
per component. L Ltd has spare capacity. Should it make the component internally or contract it
out?
A) Subcontract, as it will be easier.
B) Make the component, as the variable cost of $14 ($19 - $5) for internal production is cheaper
than the $18 cost of subcontracting.
C) Subcontract, as the total cost of subcontracting at $18 is cheaper than the cost of $19 for
internal production.
D) None of the above.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
15
55) Which of these would be considered a variable cost? 55)
A) cost of raw materials B) manager's salary
C) local government rates D) rent
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
58) If total costs are $20,000 at an output of 2000 units and $25,000 at an output of 2,500 units, variable 58)
costs per unit are:
A) $20 per unit. B) $12 per unit. C) $15 per unit. D) $10 per unit.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
16
60) The margin of safety is best described as: 60)
A) the difference between the fixed costs and total revenue.
B) the difference between the actual output and the break-even output.
C) the difference between the break-even point and total revenue.
D) the difference between variable costs and total output.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
61) Flower Art sells ceramic pots. The pots sell for $20 each, with variable costs totalling $15 per pot. 61)
Fixed costs are $40,000. The number of pots that have to be sold to break even is:
A) 9,000 pots. B) 7,000 pots. C) 2,000 pots. D) 8,000 pots.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
62) Kiwi World is a small zoo displaying native animals. The entrance fee is $15 per person. Variable 62)
costs of running the zoo are $8 per visitor and fixed costs are $200,000 per annum. The number of
visitors that would be needed to make a profit of $20,000 per annum is:
A) 31,429 B) 27,500 C) 1,333 D) 14,667
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
17
Use the information below to answer the following questions.
Unique Tables manufactures coffee tables made of recycled timber. Market research has suggested that there will be strong
demand for the tables. Due to this, management is debating whether to lease a new turning machine to meet increased
production needs. To assist in their decision-making, the management accountant has supplied the following information:
Without With
turning machine turning machine
Expected level of sales 1,500 units 1,500 units
Sales price per unit $150 $150
Variable costs per unit $120 $110
Fixed costs $7,500 $15,000
64) Refer to the table above. As the level of sales increases above 1,500 units, the level of profit would 64)
increase:
A) at a faster rate with the turning machine.
B) at the same rate with or without the turning machine.
C) at a faster rate without the turning machine.
D) none of the above.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
18
Answer Key
Testname: C7
1) D
2) B
3) B
4) B
5) D
6) D
7) B
8) C
9) A
10) C
11) D
12) D
13) A
14) D
15) C
16) C
17) C
18) C
19) B
20) B
21) B
22) D
23) D
24) C
25) D
26) D
27) B
28) B
29) B
30) B
31) A
32) C
33) A
34) D
35) A
36) D
37) D
38) D
39) C
40) D
41) D
42) D
43) D
44) A
45) D
46) C
47) A
48) B
49) D
50) D
19
Answer Key
Testname: C7
51) C
52) C
53) A
54) B
55) A
56) D
57) D
58) D
59) D
60) B
61) D
62) A
63) A
64) A
65)
20
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cigány volt és mindig az is marad. Nem lesz, nem volt soha egy
krajcárja, ami részben szerencse, mivel ha pénze volna, véglegesen
az italnak szentelné ifjuságát, férfikorát és agg napjait.
Tilda egy ideig hallgatott, aztán igy szólt:
– Azt hittem, hogy Bulcsu önnek a barátja? Mindig együtt szoktak
járni.
– Az nem zárja ki, hogy a Neró szerzője ne lehessen csélcsap
ifju.
– Mi az a Neró?
– A Bulcsu leendő operája. A nyitány első üteme már meg is van.
Az üstök szólnak s ugyanakkor a hegedük pizzicató játszanak.
Pokoli ötlet. Kár, hogy a leendő mester még nem érkezett el a
második ütemig s igy nem részletezhetem tovább dalművét.
– Nem szép, ha az ember barátairól kedvezőtlen véleményeket
terjeszt, – jegyezte meg a kisasszony.
– Amit róla közöltem, csak az igazság megállapitása volt.
– Talán mások nem igy gondolkodnak róla.
A diák kacagott.
– Oh, persze! Kérdezze csak meg a szabóját, a mosónőjét vagy
a suszterjét. Azok Bulcsut a világ legrettenetesebb emberének
tartják.
A leány elgondolkodott, majd valami eszébe jutott.
– Mennyire nincs igaza, – mondta diadalmasan. – Emlékszem,
egyizben Lámpl ur emlitette előttem, hogy Bulcsu ur szépen
hegedül.
– Lámpl urnak bizonyára kitünő zenei érzéke van, – bólintott
gunyosan Pető.
– És egyébként, a gyalázatos okarináját kivéve, a zenészre más
panasz még nem volt a házban.
– Nos? És az okarina nem elég? Egy fiatalember, aki pénzért
bosszantja a háziurat? Nemes dolog ez?
– Bizonyára azért teszi, hogy kenyérre valója legyen. Ha önt nem
látnák el a szülei, örülne, ha legalább ezen a módon szerezhetné
meg a mindennapit.
– No, ez nem egészen igy van, – jegyezte meg Pető,
sértődöttséget szinlelve.
De Tilda nem törődött a mű-érzékenységgel és tovább folytatta.
Már benne volt az ellentmondásban!
– Ha valaki az életben küzd és emellett eszményeket hord a
szivében, az tiszteletet érdemel. Bulcsu egész nap okarinázik, éjjel
pedig arról álmodozik, hogy egykor jeles férfiu lészen, aki csak a
művészetnek fogja magát szentelni. És, ha nem lenne a röghöz
kötve, szegény fiu talán már megirta volna művét. Igazán sajnálom,
hogy eddig oly rossz véleménnyel voltam róla, de azt hittem, hogy
nem ér egy hajitófát sem. Okarinázni rendesen a cirkuszi bohócok
szoktak; arról sejtelmem se volt, hogy Bulcsu az akadémiára jár.
Pető – ha szabad ezt a tulmerész kifejezést leirnom – a lelki
kezeit dörzsölgette. Hisz ez a siker első lépése volt. A győzelem első
sugara! Tildában felébredt az érdeklődés Bulcsu iránt, aki mellett
eddig szótlanul, hideg közömbösséggel haladt el!
A kocsi a terézvárosi templomhoz érkezett. Le kellett szállaniok.
– A viszontlátásra, – nyujtotta kezét Tilda. – És ne nézze le a
szegény embereket, meg a munkát.
Pető meghajolt és szerényen mosolygott, körülbelül ugy, mint a
fiatal Napoleon Toulon bevételénél.
XV.