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Q2 Week 7

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11 views26 pages

Q2 Week 7

Uploaded by

tristanbalmes510
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Lesson 8

Learning Competency
a. describe sets and their subsets, the union
of sets, and the intersection of sets
b. illustrate sets and their subsets, the union
of sets, and the intersection of sets, through
the use of Venn diagrams.
Key Terms:
• Sets
• Elements
• Roster method
• Verbal description method
A set is a collection of well-defined
objects called elements.
Example:
• A set of silverware
• A set of counting numbers
• A set of solutions for an equation
Well-defined Sets:
• The set of all large numbers
• The set of multiples of 5
• The set of good writers
• The set of nice people in you class
• We use capital letters such
as A, B, C, D and E to
denote sets and lowercase
letters as a, b, c, d and e to
denote the elements of a set.
Ways of Describing a Set
1. Roster Notation/ Listing Method
describes a set by listing each element of the
set inside the symbol { }
2. Verbal Description
describes a sets in words
3. Set Builder Notation
describes a set with rule
Examples:
• Set A is the set of counting numbers
less than 5.
• Set B is the set of letters in the word
“Philippines.”
• Set C is the set of a natural satellite.
Types of Sets
1. Finite Set
The set has limited number of elements.
Example:
• The set of planets in the solar system.
• S={5,10,15,20,25}
• The set of letters of the word
“MATHEMATICS”
Types of Sets
2. Infinite Set
The set has an unlimited number of elements,
which may or may not be countable.
Example:
• The set of points in the number line.
• W = { 0,1,2,3,4,5,… }
• The set of odd numbers.
Types of Sets
3. Empty Set/Null Set
The set has no element.
Example:
• The set of all unicorns that exist in the real
world.
• The set of even prime numbers greater than 2
• The set of black hearts in a standard deck of
playing cards.
Types of Sets
4. Universal Set
The set contains all relevant elements for a
particular context
Example:
• The set of all countries in the globe.
• The set of all provinces in the Philippines.
• The set of students enrolled in our school this
year.
Cardinality of a Set
• The cardinality of a set is
defined as the number of
elements in the set. It can be
finite or infinite.
Cardinality of a Set
Example:
• The cardinality of set A = {blue, yellow, red,
white} is 4.
• The cardinality of set B = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13,
15, 17, 19} is 10.
• The cardinality of set C = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, …}
is infinite.
Subset
• Set A is a subset of set B, (written as
𝐴 ⊆ 𝐵), if and only if every element in
A is also an element in B.
• Every set is a subset of itself.
Example:
List all the possible subsets of:
• 𝐴 = {𝑟𝑒𝑑, 𝑦𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤, 𝑏𝑙𝑢𝑒}
• 𝐵 = {𝑓, 𝑜, 𝑢, 𝑟}
• 𝐶 = {12, 7}
Operation on Sets:
• Union of Sets
The union of two sets 𝐴 and 𝐵, 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵,
(read as “𝐴 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐵”), is the set of all
elements that are elements of 𝐴 or elements
of B, or elements of both 𝐴 and 𝐵.
Example:
𝐴 = {𝑎, 𝑒, 𝑖, 𝑜, 𝑢}
𝐵 = {𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑}
Find 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵.
Operation on Sets:
• Intersection of Sets
The intersection of two sets 𝐴 and 𝐵,
𝐴 ∩ 𝐵, (read as “𝐴 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐵”),
is the set of all elements that are
elements of both 𝐴 and 𝐵.
Example:
𝐴 = {𝑎, 𝑒, 𝑖, 𝑜, 𝑢}
𝐵 = {𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑}
Find 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵.
Venn Diagram
• A Venn diagram uses a rectangle
to represent the universal set and a
circle/circle to represent the set or
sets being considered in the
discussion.
• Construct a Venn diagram on the given favorite
subjects of the two students from Tabangao IS.
Student A Student B
•Math •Math
•Araling Panlipunan •Science
•Filipino •Physical Education
•Music •English
•Filipino
Union of Sets
A
B
Intersection of Sets
A
B
Example 1
• Find the union and intersection of two sets
𝐴 = {2,4,6}
𝐵 = {1,2,3,6}
𝐶 = {1,3,5,7,9}
𝑎) 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵 𝑏) 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵
𝑐) 𝐵 ∪ 𝐶 𝑑) 𝐴 ∩ 𝐶
Example 2
• Out of the 50 students, 25 are
members of the Sports Club and 20
are members of the Science Club. If
10 students are in both clubs, how
many are in neither of the clubs?

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