Q1. What is an Array?
Explain Declaration and Initialization of 1-D and 2-D Array
An array is a collection of elements of the same data type stored at contiguous memory locations.
It allows efficient access and manipulation of data using indices.
Declaration and Initialization of a 1-D Array
- Declaration: data_type array_name[size];
- Initialization: int arr[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
Declaration and Initialization of a 2-D Array
- Declaration: data_type array_name[rows][columns];
- Initialization:
int matrix[2][3] = {
{1, 2, 3},
{4, 5, 6}
};
Q2. Program to Find Largest and Smallest Number in an Array
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int arr[100], n, i, largest, smallest;
printf("Enter number of elements: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
printf("Enter elements: ");
for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
largest = smallest = arr[0];
for(i = 1; i < n; i++) {
if(arr[i] > largest)
largest = arr[i];
if(arr[i] < smallest)
smallest = arr[i];
printf("Largest: %d\n", largest);
printf("Smallest: %d\n", smallest);
return 0;
Q3. Program to Find Sum of Each Row in a Matrix
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int matrix[10][10], rows, cols, i, j;
printf("Enter rows and columns: ");
scanf("%d %d", &rows, &cols);
printf("Enter elements of matrix:\n");
for(i = 0; i < rows; i++)
for(j = 0; j < cols; j++)
scanf("%d", &matrix[i][j]);
for(i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
int sum = 0;
for(j = 0; j < cols; j++)
sum += matrix[i][j];
printf("Sum of row %d: %d\n", i + 1, sum);
return 0;
Q4. What is a Pointer? Write a C Program to Perform Arithmetic Operations Using Pointers
Pointers are variables that store the memory address of another variable.
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int a, b, *p1, *p2;
printf("Enter two numbers: ");
scanf("%d %d", &a, &b);
p1 = &a;
p2 = &b;
printf("Sum: %d\n", *p1 + *p2);
printf("Difference: %d\n", *p1 - *p2);
printf("Product: %d\n", (*p1) * (*p2));
printf("Quotient: %d\n", *p1 / *p2);
return 0;
Q5. Explain the Relationship Between Array and Pointer and Write a C Program to Find Sum of
Array Using Pointer
- The name of an array acts as a pointer to the first element.
- Example: If int arr[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};, then arr is equivalent to &arr[0].
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int arr[100], n, *ptr, sum = 0;
printf("Enter number of elements: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
printf("Enter elements: ");
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
ptr = arr;
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
sum += *(ptr + i);
printf("Sum of array: %d\n", sum);
return 0;
Q6. Write a C Program to Find Factorial Using Recursion
#include <stdio.h>
int factorial(int n) {
if(n == 0 || n == 1)
return 1;
return n * factorial(n - 1);
}
int main() {
int n;
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
printf("Factorial of %d: %d\n", n, factorial(n));
return 0;
Q7. Write a C Program to Find nth Term of Fibonacci Series Using Recursion
#include <stdio.h>
int fibonacci(int n) {
if(n == 0)
return 0;
if(n == 1)
return 1;
return fibonacci(n - 1) + fibonacci(n - 2);
int main() {
int n;
printf("Enter the term: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
printf("Fibonacci term %d: %d\n", n, fibonacci(n));
return 0;
Q8. What is a Structure? Display Employee Details Using Structure
A structure is a user-defined data type that allows grouping variables of different data types under
one name.
#include <stdio.h>
struct Employee {
int id;
char name[50];
float salary;
};
int main() {
struct Employee emp;
printf("Enter Employee ID: ");
scanf("%d", &emp.id);
printf("Enter Employee Name: ");
scanf("%s", emp.name);
printf("Enter Employee Salary: ");
scanf("%f", &emp.salary);
printf("\nEmployee Details:\n");
printf("ID: %d\n", emp.id);
printf("Name: %s\n", emp.name);
printf("Salary: %.2f\n", emp.salary);
return 0;
