another to

Transformation log 8. Logb 7.5.1ogo| 4.Formula

log, log, 1.
Frenz PXDOnential
representation
expression. Hence, called =V,TEa
1. of
7. 6.zero. 5. 4. 10-33. If
Chapter
log,
a=
log, a=

log. log, log.b 4

(a")=
log, b

log,
M=

log,

=
m log,
m-
(m(m 1
>xn)=
=
log, log,
a=1 2.
the
= same greater
0
Ifa'
Ifa*=0,

base then
=a,

log.
is log,
base

than
then
Ifa'
=1,
then
log, log27
Logarithms
If If1674 If2°
27
s = = 8, form
0.001,
then then
2.

2,then
=
then expression
log,
above

or
the
logarithm

logarithm loga=xy ofand

the
where#la

a of m+
log, n 4=1logarithm unity always log6
x log,C= , 1 y
log, logarithm m log, 0= = logo 8= to
y>0,
x 0logarithm 2 3 the
=
C log, n
3.
unity. is
o,
-oo 0.001 4 1 form.
can
be
base then 21
log. b 1 9.5l08,"=n a log, 6. log,b logarithm
represented a.the
=-3 There
from exponent It isx
(m'") of of is
x any 1 written
log, of to are
one =nlog, number any few
a to0 either
=1 any base given as
base M
to is in

loSol.g2(b) Ex. Sol. Ex. . EXtra

PHnch
The
(a) 1
2) (a) (a) l6 1)
Log Logarithm
defined.notnegative.

3 Find of base
Find Let negative
= lo82/2256. of of
log,2 (2V2) =. the
(b) 0 logz the (b) -
logarithm awith 1
2 logarithm
log,
-
log2 2 log, 4\og2
()) value

of
X=

256 1
3 14 integers
any
3 16
3
+
log,
3 2
4-log2 9
log.
(c) 2 the [: (c)
of are never
isbase

log,3- expression (2/2)16/= 3 1

256 3 15256 1 not
always
is
() (2) (d) the
to defined taken

log,2 0=log,a=1) { (d) 3 (2V2)-16/

= =3 zero.
as
(23,8/5 3 base and zero
log2 i.e.,
log2 2/2. also and log,
(e) 4 (2/2)"]
- (e) 4
3 loge 1=0.
is
 Challenges
Chapter
log.2-log,625= 8.
If 7. 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. loga 1.
11.() ()
1.
(a) 3 (e)
xyz=
xyz(c) = (a) then If
x=1+logbc, xyz
which
(d) (a) If
3.11280.3891
log10
a) Find
(-3 (aSolve
)1
(a); Find
1
5Challenges
Chapter E
EXERCISES
(a) Solve (d)81 (a36
)

=F the for the for

12.(b) 2X+y 2zx Xy 6=0.7782, value value
(a)2. (b) 5 (*y (-1
b) (b) 2 x, x,
+
+ of
yz log.2 ); 3
log4
find a.
yz +ty=1+
he of of
log1o16-log,10,find b. zx) +
zx
following 1.5974(e) (b) find log27 (70- 2083 2/5(e) 3/(5b) (logs ) - (b)
(e36
13.(c) (d)3. (c) 4 1.5564 (c) 5 (c) 1 36
log, the 1 33 5 64)
xyz(d) = (b) 5log3 =
value x)
xyz=option and Ca =1. logs
14.(b) (b)4. (d) 3 (d) 0 2 X.
1 Xy
yz
+ 2x
is z (c) of (c) 5 216(c)
=1+log
+
holds 0.7782 log1o
yz
(e) 1 36. (e) 4
15. 5. true? ab, 4 (e)
(d) (c) Score
Count
Your
6. 15. 14. 13. 12. 11. 10. 9.
(b) (e) (c) (a) If (e) (c) Which (a) exp(d2) (a) 2 isthe the The (d) 0(a18
) 2 (e) (log.
(d)-log,b()0) (b) (a) If
1 (a) 0Find (a) Find
log12 None log17 log17 a log1olog,(log,b)
3(3-a) 4(3 (3 constant squares
sum
difference None log, log, log, 11 9
- the the
a)/4(3+ + 27 275> of 275
of
7. a)/(3- the of of (log,4) (log, a, 4,
25-2
value value
(a)8. /(3 =these = logarithms of the (b) 1 (b)
4, log19following
log19 C. a)
+ then two
If between
log1o above - + and 2
a) a) a) 1.41421.3031
(e) (b) (d) (b) 1 llog,(log,b)
og, of of
log, 375 375 A
positive 3+log1o log, log,
= None (log,a) log,
(6) B, of (c) 2
l6 is then the x (log3 2 27-
(d) (b) (d) (b) true? the of are
is numbers
logarithms 18
4(3- (3 logy log1, individual C these in 81). logg
9. + is equals (a)
(d) 275 275< GP,
)/(3/4(3- a) log(c) 2 log103(c) 2 6 9.
A then
+ log log, numbers and of
10. a) a) sum x (e) 3
(c) 375 375 B
and
is 3(e)
of
 Similarly, (a) i. ’ ’ (b)
7. 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1.( Quantitative
Logarithms
Aptitude
y= log,abc = ==1+ xlog1o log1o2log10 log1o logz= admissible
L()
et .x=-35 or’x(x+35) (6) or ’ (d) Again,let log4 . (a) (a)-2/3 ’
log,
log2 2log3 2l083 2lo83 Let
log, x+ 5 5 logs (a)
36 66=2 6 (70 -5l0g3=5log3 = = (2)2*=(2' (logs
64)
abc alog, = = (x+
+=1.5564 2x 07782 (27)* = and
35
2,
-
35x- x*+ (2825) 2l0g2 logs ’=; log4 64=y8 216a=
(216)2/(3216)-2/3 2x2/3x3/2 -()
and log, bc x =3-43 * 35)2(x+ - =70-
33x 33*)
(r (2) (8) =
0778207782 hence, 2 5- x
33x log4(2)
z bc 81 1
(x-2)
notis 2r =1
=
0. ogs logs 2= =X = 1
1
= 35) -70= 70- ’’y=2
3 4
log, =2. x
=5 2 2
=0 = = =5 4=2
abc 0 0 0 log3
2

12. 11. 10. 9. 8.

(b)log1 ’ ’ then (a) (c) (d) as (b) or Solutions
common
Changing ZoneThe
2 1 log,a=x log,a, log, log, log, Given Xy Z= X=
loga (a)' logmabc loagbc m _log,abc
= =3x =3X
=3log9 = + [logm 1 g logm logm 4 base
25log,X= =4 loa=
og,o(25)"-log1(3) (log,a) g, a a -3x;-2x
(log, log, 27b=5.
625
=5
b
= =
625
equation
Xyz yz
+
lomC
the
-2log8i0 log, log, =(log,a) and 2log3 3logg logs
3 logg 3 log279 - = Xyz Zx a+ abc
81) (3) log, log, 2log,16 logmabc values
m,
(log,a)[log,a] log,x =log,(4) = = 9
3- O810l6 = =1 logm y= we
log, log, 2log27 - 2* log, 2 can Xy
3+ x(log,x) -2x 2x- log =4 log,16 = + get of
are (2) log, be yz b log,, lbogm abc x,
+ log1018
(log3
log3 3log, 3log,27 written logm +
log1o18 in
=2.
log: 3 3 (3) 10 Zx. + y,
z
GP, 3*) to
a

15. 14. Given,13.(c)

From ’ ’log62= ’Now, ’ ’ Hence,
(d) (6) (2A')lo-g ’ If log
A=B,
3-a a+3
A 2a
3-a log, log, log log12 log12 log17 (A+
3-a + 2 (i) log616 log 17 log
3-a 3-a 3 4+ 27log17 19.74
16.18 < 275
17 275 then log109
= log1018
log105-logio9+ = =
3- 2a 2 and 2
= 2log, 2
= 3 275_ log B)- log10
+1=
4 A log, 2
=’log,12
log, =
or44(3- a)
4 a (i), 4-A
A = = a 275 = log 5x18 5
-A 4log62 19375 log19log log1g log=C
A2 (log
4-A+A 4-A 4-A 4-A
A A ’ 3 ’ < log=C
2 (2A' ) - 9 log1018 +
A
3-a a
= log12 log19 375 375
A
-+1 log,6=: 2a
3-a A
log1010=1 =
= +
3+a A 3°375. 2log log
A (let) =3 = 147
..(ii)
4
a A B)
...) =C=C