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20 views5 pages

DBMS Da

Uploaded by

Kiran Tripathy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Intelligent Transaction

Scheduling via Conflict Prediction


in OLP DBMS

~ KIRAN TRIPATHY, 22BDS0172


~ HITEN SANDEEP DHORE, 22BDS0211
Page 1: Introduction
1.1 Background and Motivation

Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) systems are the backbone of modern data-driven applications, powering
everything from e-commerce platforms and banking systems to social media and cloud services. Designed to handle a
high volume of short transactions that update shared data, these systems face increasing challenges in maintaining
efficient and reliable performance as their complexity and scale grow. One of the primary challenges in OLTP systems
is managing transaction conflicts, which occur when multiple transactions attempt to access and modify shared data
concurrently, risking data inconsistencies and system failures. To address this issue, various transaction scheduling
techniques—such as two-phase locking and timestamp-based protocols—have been developed. While these
approaches are effective in certain contexts, they often encounter limitations, including performance overhead and
difficulties in managing complex workloads.

1.2 Problem Statement


A transaction conflict occurs when two or more transactions access and modify shared data in a way that violates
the system's consistency constraints. This can lead to variousproblems, such as:

 Data inconsistency or Deadlocks: Incorrect data values may be written to the database if
transactions are not properly synchronized. A deadlock occurs when two or more transactions are
waiting for eachother to release resources, resulting in a stalemate.
 Performance degradation: Transaction conflicts can significantly degrade system performance, leading to
increased response times and reduced throughput.

Quantifying the impact of transaction conflicts is crucial for assessing the effectiveness ofdifferent scheduling
techniques. Key metrics include:

 Response time: The time taken to process a transaction.

 Throughput: The number of transactions processed per unit of time.

 Transaction abort rate: The percentage of transactions that are aborted due toconflicts or other reasons.
1.3 Research Gap
Traditional transaction scheduling techniques, such as two-phase locking and timestamp-based protocols, often rely
on pessimistic approaches that assume the worst-case scenario.These techniques can lead to excessive locking and
contention, deleting system performance. There is a growing need for more intelligent and adaptive transaction
scheduling techniques to address these limitations. These techniques should be able to:

 Proactively predict potential conflicts: By analyzing historical transactionpatterns and current


workload characteristics.

 Dynamically adjust scheduling decisions: To optimize performance undervarying workload


conditions.

1.4 Novel Contributions


This research proposes a novel intelligent transaction scheduling approach that aims toaddress the limitations of
traditional techniques. The key contributions of this work include:
 A machine learning-based conflict prediction model: To accurately predictpotential conflicts based
on historical transaction data and real-time system information.
 A dynamic scheduling algorithm: To optimize transaction execution andresource allocation based
on predicted conflicts and system workload.
 A comprehensive evaluation methodology: To assess the performance of theproposed approach under
various workload conditions.
PAGE 2
Page 2: Methodology
2.1 Conflict Prediction Model
The conflict prediction model is a crucial component of the proposed intelligent transaction scheduling approach.
It aims to predict potential conflicts before they occur,enabling the scheduling system to take proactive measures
to avoid or mitigate their impact.

The following steps are involved in building the conflict prediction model:
1. Feature Engineering:
o Identify relevant features that can be used to predict conflicts, such as transaction size, resource
requirements, historical conflict patterns, andworkload characteristics.

o Apply feature engineering techniques, such as normalization, scaling, and feature selection, to
improve model accuracy and efficiency.

2. Model Selection and Training:


o Evaluate a variety of machine learning algorithms, including decision trees, random forests, neural
networks, and support vector machines.

o Train the selected model on a large dataset of historical transaction data,using techniques such as
cross-validation to prevent overfitting.

3. Model Evaluation:
o Assess the performance of the trained model using appropriate metrics,such as accuracy,
precision, recall, and F1-score.

o Fine-tune the model's hyperparameters to optimize its performance.

2.2 Intelligent Scheduling Algorithm


The intelligent scheduling algorithm aims to optimize transaction execution and resource allocation by considering
predicted conflicts and system workload. The algorithm incorporates the following key components:

1. Priority-Based Scheduling:

o Assign priorities to transactions based on factors such as criticality,urgency, and resource


requirements.

o Prioritize high-priority transactions for execution to minimize response time and improve system
throughput.
2. Resource Allocation:

o Develop efficient resource allocation strategies to avoid resourcecontention and


deadlocks.

o Consider factors such as resource utilization, transaction dependencies,and predicted conflict


probabilities.

3. Conflict Resolution:

o Implement effective conflict resolution techniques, such as transactionrollback, wait-die, and


wound-wait.

o Minimize the impact of conflicts on overall system performance bychoosing appropriate


resolution strategies.
PAGE 3
Page 3: Proposed Idea and Implementation

3.1 System Architecture


The proposed intelligent transaction scheduling system consists of the followingcomponents:
1. Conflict Prediction Module:
o Integrates the trained machine learning model to predict potential conflicts in real-time.
o Provides real-time feedback to the scheduling engine to enable proactiveconflict avoidance.
2. Scheduling Engine:
o Implements the intelligent scheduling algorithm to make dynamicscheduling decisions.
o Considers factors such as transaction priorities, resource availability, and predicted conflicts.
3. Database Management System (DBMS):
o Interacts with the DBMS to obtain transaction information, execute scheduled transactions, and
commit or abort transactions as necessary.
o Optimizes DBMS operations to minimize overhead and improveperformance.
3.2 Implementation Details
 Technology Stack:
o Select appropriate programming languages (e.g., Python, Java) anddatabase systems (e.g.,
PostgreSQL, MySQL).
o Utilize machine learning frameworks (e.g., TensorFlow, PyTorch) toimplement the conflict
prediction model.
 Data Structures:
o Design efficient data structures to store transaction information, resourceusage patterns, and
conflict predictions.
o Use data structures that support efficient insertion, deletion, and searchoperations.
 Algorithm Implementation:
o Implement the conflict prediction and scheduling algorithms usingoptimized algorithms and
data structures.
o Consider factors such as time complexity, space complexity, andparallelism.

3.3 Evaluation Methodology


 Performance Metrics:
o Define relevant performance metrics, such as throughput, response time,transaction abort rate,
and resource utilization.
o Use these metrics to evaluate the performance of the proposed systemunder various workloads.
 Workload Generation:
o Create diverse workloads to simulate real-world scenarios, including varying transaction arrival rates,
transaction mixes, and resource demands.
o Use standard benchmark datasets and custom workloads to evaluate thesystem's performance
under different conditions.
 Experimental Setup:
o Configure the experimental environment, including hardware and softwarecomponents.
o Control experimental variables to ensure fair and reproducible results.
o Conduct multiple experiments to validate the findings and identify trends.

PAGE 4
Page 4: Conclusion and Future Work

4.1 Summary of Contributions


This research has presented a novel intelligent transaction scheduling approach that aims to improve the
performance and reliability of OLTP systems significantly. Keycontributions of this work include:
 A Robust Conflict Prediction Model: A machine learning-based model capable of accurately predicting
potential conflicts, enabling proactive scheduling decisions.
 A Dynamic and Adaptive Scheduling Algorithm: An intelligent algorithm that dynamically adjusts
scheduling decisions based on real-time system conditions andpredicted conflicts.
 A Comprehensive Evaluation Framework: A rigorous evaluation methodology to assess the performance of
the proposed approach under various workload scenarios. Through extensive experimentation and analysis,
the proposed approach has demonstrated significant improvements in terms of reduced response time,
increased throughput, and lower transaction abort rates compared to traditional scheduling techniques.
4.2 Future Directions
While this research has made significant strides in the field of intelligent transaction scheduling, there are
several promising avenues for future research and development:
1. Advanced Machine Learning Techniques:
o Explore the application of more sophisticated machine learning techniques, such as deep learning and
reinforcement learning, to further enhance the accuracy and robustness of conflict prediction models.
o Investigate the use of unsupervised and semi-supervised learning techniques to reduce the reliance on
labeled training data.
2. Hybrid Scheduling Approaches:
o Develop hybrid scheduling algorithms that combine the strengths of multiple techniques, such as
static and dynamic scheduling, to achieve optimal performance under diverse workload conditions.
o Explore the integration of machine learning-based techniques with traditional scheduling algorithms
to create more intelligent and adaptive systems.
3. Real-time Monitoring and Adaptive Control:
o Implement real-time monitoring systems to track system performance metrics and detect anomalies.
o Develop adaptive control mechanisms that can dynamically adjust scheduling parameters in response
to changing workload conditions and resource constraints.
4. Energy-Efficient Scheduling:
o Investigate energy-efficient scheduling strategies that minimize energy consumption while
maintaining acceptable performance levels.
o Explore techniques such as workload consolidation, power-aware resource allocation, and energy-
efficient algorithms.

4.3 References

1. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2409.01675
2. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOEI48184.2020.9143025
3. https://doi.org/10.1109/TII.2022.3169457
4. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3017694

PAGE 5

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