NUMBER SYSTEM

Integer: (Z): Counting numbers (+ve and -ve)

Positive Integers: (Z+): are greater than 0, e.g. 1, 2, 3, …, and so on.

Negative Integers: (Z-): are lesser than 0, e.g. -1, -2, -3, …, and so
on.

Number ‘0’ is known as ‘Neutral Integer’.

Natural numbers: (N): are all counting numbers.

e.g. 1, 2, 3, 4, …etc

Whole Numbers: Zero and natural numbers together form

whole nos.

E.g. 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, …. etc.
Even Numbers: Numbers divisible by 2. E.g. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, …. etc.

Odd Numbers: Numbers not divisible by 2. E.g. 1, 3, 5, 7, 9,…. etc.

Prime Numbers: Those numbers which have exactly two factors,
itself and one. E.g. 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, …. etc.

Composite Numbers: Those numbers which have at least three

factors.
E.g. 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, … etc.

Note: Number 1 is neither Prime nor Composite.

Important formulae:
Important formulae:
Some Basics
Some Basics
1. How many numbers are there from 1 to 50?
(A) 49 (B) 50 (C) 51 (D) None of these
2. How many numbers are there from 23 to 56?
(A) 24 (B) 34 (C) 33 (D) None of these
3. How many numbers are there from 84 to 129?
(A) 46 (B) 45 (C) 47 (D) None of these
4. How many times digit 2 can be written when numbers are
written from 1 to 100?

(A) 21 (B) 20 (C) 19 (D) 18

5. How many times digit 3 will appear when numbers are
written from 1 to 500?
(A) 210 (B) 200 (C) 190 (D) None of these
6. The number of times the digit 5 will appear while writing the
integers from 1 to 1000 is CSAT-2019
(a) 269 (b) 271 (c) 300 (d) 302
7. What is the number of fives used in numbering a 260-page book ?
(a) 55 (b) 56 (c) 57 (d) 60 CSAT-2024
8. How many digits are required to write all the numbers from 1 to 1000?

(a) 1000 (b) 2889 (c) 2890 (d) 2893

9. How many digits are required to write all the numbers from 1 to 3024?

(a) 10,889 (b) 10,989 (c) 10,988 (d) None of these

10. A printer numbers the pages of a book starting with 1 and uses
3089 digits in all. How many pages does the book have ?

(a) 1040 (b) 1048 (c) 1049 (d) 1050 CSAT-2019

11. On one side of a 100 m long road, 11 roses are planted at
equal distance from each other. What is the total distance
between 3 consecutive roses?​​

(a) 20 m (b) 9.09 m (c) 27.27 m (d) 10 m

12. On one side of a 1.01 km long road, 101 plants are planted at
equal distance from each other. What is the total distance
between 5 consecutive plants?​​ CSAT-2022
(a) 40 m (b) 40.4 m (c) 50 m (d) 50.5 m
13. Integers are listed from 100 to 400. In how many integers is
the sum of the digits equal to 4?​

(a) 12 (b) 11 (c) 10 (d) 9

13. Integers are listed from 100 to 400. In how many integers is
the sum of the digits equal to 4?​

(a) 12 (b) 11 (c) 10 (d) 9

103, 130, 112, 121,

202, 220, 211,

301, 310,

400
14. Integers are listed from 700 to 1000. In how many integers is
the sum of the digits is equal to 10?​ CSAT-2021
(a) 6 (b) 7 (c) 8 (d) 9
14. Integers are listed from 700 to 1000. In how many integers is
the sum of the digits is equal to 10?​ CSAT-2021
(a) 6 (b) 7 (c) 8 (d) 9

703, 730, 712, 721,

802, 820, 811,

901, 910
15. Using 1, 1, 2, 2 as digits, how many distinct numbers greater
than 2,000 can be formed?​
(a) 2​ (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5
15. Using 1, 1, 2, 2 as digits, how many distinct numbers greater
than 2,000 can be formed?​
(a) 2​ (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5
2211

2121

2112
16. Using 2, 2, 3, 3, 3 as digits, how many distinct numbers greater
than 30,000 can be formed?​
CSAT-2021
(a) 3​ (b) 6 (c) 9 (d) 12​
16. Using 2, 2, 3, 3, 3 as digits, how many distinct numbers
greater than 30,000 can be formed?​ CSAT-2021
(a) 3​ (b) 6 (c) 9 (d) 12​
32233

32323

32332

33223

33232

33322
17. In the sum ⊗ + 1 ⊗ + 5 ⊗ + ⊗⊗ + ⊗1 = 1 ⊗⊗, which digit does
the symbol ⊗ represent ?
CSAT-2020
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5

__ + 1 __ + 5 __ + __ __ + __ 1 = 1 __ __
18. Raj has 10 pairs of red, 9 pairs of white and 8 pairs of black shoes in a
box. If he randomly picks shoes one by one (without replacement) from the
box to get a red pair of shoes to wear, what is the maximum number of
attempts he has to make? CSAT-2023
(a) 27 (b) 36 (c) 44 (d) 45
19. Choose the group which is different from the others: CSAT-2023
(a) 17, 37, 47, 97 (b) 31, 41, 53, 67 (c) 71, 73, 79, 83 (d) 83, 89, 91, 97
19. Choose the group which is different from the others: CSAT-2023
(a) 17, 37, 47, 97 (b) 31, 41, 53, 67 (c) 71, 73, 79, 83 (d) 83, 89, 91, 97
PRIMES PRIMES PRIMES 91 IS NOT A PRIME
20. If p, q, r and s are distinct single digit positive numbers, then what is the
greatest value of (p + q)(r + s)? CSAT-2023
(a) 230 (b) 225 (c) 224 (d) 221
20. If p, q, r and s are distinct single digit positive numbers, then what is the
greatest value of (p + q)(r + s)? CSAT-2023
(a) 230 (b) 225 (c) 224 (d) 221
(9 + 8)(7 + 6) = 17 x 13 = 221
(9 + 7)(8 + 6) = 16 x 14 = 224
(9 + 6)(8 + 7) = 15 x 15 = 225
21. Each digit of a 9-digit number is 1. It is multiplied by itself. What is the
sum of the digits of the resulting number? CSAT-2023
(a) 64 (b) 80 (c) 81 (d) 100
22. Three of the five positive integers p,
q, r, s, t are even and two of them are
odd (not necessarily in order). Consider
the following: CSAT-2023
1. p + q + r – s – t is definitely even.
2. 2p + q + 2r – 2s + t is definitely odd.
Which of the above statements is/are
correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
23. There are four letters and four envelopes and exactly one letter is to be
put in exactly one envelope with the correct address. If the letters are
randomly inserted into the envelopes, then consider the following
statements: CSAT-2023
1. It is possible that exactly one letter goes into an incorrect envelope.
2. There are only six ways in which only two letters can go into the correct
envelopes.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
24. If ABC and DEF are both three digit numbers such that A, B, C, D, E
and F are distinct non-zero digits, such that ABC + DEF = 1111, then
what is the value of A + B + C + D + E + F ? CSAT-2023
(a) 28 (b) 29 (c) 30 (d) 31
24. If ABC and DEF are both three digit numbers such that A, B, C, D, E
and F are distinct non-zero digits, such that ABC + DEF = 1111, then
what is the value of A + B + C + D + E + F ? CSAT-2023
(a) 28 (b) 29 (c) 30 (d) 31
C + F = 11 ; B + E = 10 ; A + D = 10
A + B + C + D + E + F = 10 + 10 + 11 = 31.
E.g. 369 + 742 = 1111 ; 3 + 6 + 9 + 7 + 4 + 2 = 31.
168 + 943 = 1111 ; 1 + 6 + 8 + 9 + 4 + 3 = 31.
25. What is the sum of all 4-digit numbers less than
2000 formed by the digits 1, 2, 3 and 4, where none of
the digits is repeated? CSAT-2023
(a) 7998 (b) 8028 (c) 8878 (d) 9236
25. What is the sum of all 4-digit numbers less than
2000 formed by the digits 1, 2, 3 and 4, where none of
the digits is repeated? CSAT-2023
(a) 7998 (b) 8028 (c) 8878 (d) 9236
1234 + 1243 + 1324 + 1342 + 1423 + 1432 = 7998.
26. In the expression 5 * 4 * 3 * 2 * 1, * is chosen from +, -, × each at most
two times. What is the smallest non-negative value of the expression ?
(a) 3 (b) 2 (c) 1 (d) 0 CSAT-2024
27. On January 1st, 2023, a person saved ₹ 1. On January 2nd, 2023, he
saved ₹ 2 more than that on the previous day. On January 3rd, 2023, he
saved ₹ 2 more than that on the previous day, and so on. At the end of
which date was his total savings a perfect square as well a perfect cube?
(a) 7th January, 2023 (b) 8th January, 2023 (c) 9th January, 2023
(d) Not possible CSAT-2024
28. Consider the following statements in respect of the sum S = x + y + z,
where x, y and z are distinct prime numbers each less than 10 : CSAT-2024
1. The unit digit of S can be 0.
2. The unit digit of S can be 9.
3. The unit digit of S can be 5.
Which of the statements given above are correct ?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
29. Let X be a two-digit number and Y be another two-digit number formed
by interchanging the digits of X. If (X + Y) is the greatest two-digit number,
then what is the number of possible values of X ? CSAT-2024
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 8
30. Let p, q r and s be distinct positive integers. Let p, q be odd and
r, s be even. Consider the following statements : CSAT-2024
1. (p – r)2(qs) is even.
2. (q – s)q2s is even.
3. (q + r)2(p + s) is odd.
Which of the statements given above are correct ?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
31. Three numbers x, y, z are selected from the set of the first seven natural
numbers such that x > 2y > 3z. How many such distinct triplets (x, y, z) are
possible ? CSAT-2024
(a) One triplet (b) Two triplets (c) Three triplets (d) Four triplets
32. Let p and q be positive integers satisfying p < q and p + q = k. What
is the smallest value of k that does not determine p and q uniquely ?
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6 CSAT-2024