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Superposition Theorem

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Uttkarsh Kumar
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11 views60 pages

Superposition Theorem

Uploaded by

Uttkarsh Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SUPERPOSITION THEOREM

• If a circuit has two or more independent sources,


one way to determine the value of a specific
variable (voltage or current) is to use nodal or
mesh analysis.
• Another way is to determine the contribution of
each independent source to the variable and
then add them up. The latter approach is known
as the superposition.
• The idea of superposition rests on the linearity
property.
STATEMENT

“The superposition principle states that


the voltage across (or current through) an
element in a linear circuit is the algebraic
sum of the voltages across (or currents
through) that element due to each
independent source acting alone”.
NOTE: Superposition is not limited to circuit analysis but is
applicable in many fields where cause and effect bear a linear
relationship to one another.
Procedure to Apply Superposition Principle/Theorem

• 1. Turn off all independent sources except one source.

• 2. Find the output (voltage or current) due to that active source


using any techniques such as Ohm’s Law, KCL, KVL, Nodal/Mesh
Analysis etc.

• 3. Repeat step 1 for each of the other independent sources.

• 4. Find the total contribution by adding algebraically all the


contributions due to the independent sources.
Numerical Problem
Superposition theorem does not work for
________
a) Current
b) Voltage
c) Power
d) Works for all: current, voltage and power
Explanation: Power across an element is not equal to the power across it
due to all the other sources in the system. The power in an element is
the product of the total voltage and the total current in that element.
• Superposition theorem is valid for _________
a) Linear systems
b) Non-linear systems
c) Both linear and non-linear systems
d) Neither linear nor non-linear systems
Explanation: Superposition theorem is valid only for linear systems because
the effect of a single source cannot be individually calculated in a non-linear
system.
Thevenin’s Theorem

• Thevenin’s theorem states that a linear two-


terminal circuit can be replaced by an
equivalent circuit consisting of a voltage source
VTh in series with a resistor RTh, where VTh is
the open-circuit voltage at the terminals and
RTh is the input or equivalent resistance at the
terminals when the independent sources are
turned off.
In Thevenin’s theorem Vth is __________
a) Sum of two voltage sources
b) A single voltage source
c) Infinite voltage sources
d) 0
Answer: b
Explanation: Thevenin’s theorem states that a
combination of voltage sources, current
sources and resistors is equivalent to a single
voltage source V and a single series resistor R.

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